高考复习英语语法填空解题技巧总结(课堂ppt)课件.ppt
英语语法填空英语语法填空解题技巧与方法（一）纯空格题（一）纯空格题1命题揭密命题揭密2怎么考怎么考n纯空格题纯空格题n用括号中所给词填空用括号中所给词填空语法填空的显著特点是将语言知识语法填空的显著特点是将语言知识或语法知识放在语篇中进行考察或语法知识放在语篇中进行考察.两种题型两种题型3(1)纯空格题：纯空格题：通常考通常考 等四类词。一个空格只能填等四类词。一个空格只能填 个单词。个单词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：用括号中所给词填空：通常考通常考 _、_、_等。一个空格可以等。一个空格可以填填 个单词。个单词。冠词、介词、代词和连词冠词、介词、代词和连词一一动词动词形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级词类转换词类转换一到多一到多考什么考什么41.通读全文，把握大意。通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意。2.结合语境，试填空格。结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。如何解题如何解题5考点一：冠词考点一：冠词 无提示词无提示词 名词之前名词之前1.There once were a goat and a donkey.So the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.2.When I see a child under this kind of pressure,I think of Tom.He was 35_ shy,nervous boy.3.Years later,one day I got _ call from an unknown mumber.the a考查语法点考查语法点:定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法 a6解题技巧解题技巧下列情况很可能填下列情况很可能填 ：(1)_+可数名词可数名词(单数单数)；(2)_+形容词形容词+可数名词可数名词(单数单数)。下列情况下很可能填下列情况下很可能填 ：(1)_(+定语定语)+名词名词+of等介词短语等介词短语(表示特表示特指指)；(2)_(+定语定语)+名词名词+定语从句定语从句(表示特指表示特指)；(3)_(+定语定语)+名词名词+不定式短语或分词短语不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指表示特指)。不定冠词不定冠词a/an定冠词定冠词the71 Hes _ amazing singer,a music video director,a business owner and he 2 One way that Americans do this is with _ firm hand shake.3 This is _ law of Americansof all successful people.4 hour honest boy_ 8-year-old boy X-ray photoanathean8考点二：介词考点二：介词基础知识回顾基础知识回顾搭配名词搭配名词under the tree in the forest with your help 搭配动词搭配动词look at listen to compete in搭配形容词搭配形容词different from similar to famous for9考点二：考点二：介词介词无提示词：注意搭配问题无提示词：注意搭配问题与名词搭配构成介宾短语与名词搭配构成介宾短语与不及物动词搭配构成动词短语与不及物动词搭配构成动词短语与形容词搭配构成形容词短语与形容词搭配构成形容词短语1.The girls asked if they could wait me at the supermarket door.2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked back the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.for at考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配103.She found some good quality schoolbags sale.4.He was very tired the boring job.5.He had a hard life any contact(联系）联系）with his family for years.of考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配onwithout111.The white background of the Olympic flag stands peace and trust.2.He was well known to everyone in town,and they were all very fond him.3.Oh,you make me so concerned your health.forofabout124.Dont worry the letters length.Just express how thankful you are.5.Its so different Chinese tea.We never add milk.Ill try it.6.The area around my house was ruins.Every time I visited there it made me deeply sad.aboutfromin13考点三：考点三：代词代词 无提示词无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格 it it用作形式主、宾语用作形式主、宾语,特殊句式等特殊句式等考查语法点考查语法点:代词的基本用法代词的基本用法1.So I went to the cash machine,took some cash and gave _ to the girls.2.Several more excellent concerts will be held next month.we can attend all of _.itthem14考查语法点考查语法点:代词的基本用法代词的基本用法3.My parents told me not to be angry with Mr.Miller because _ was in difficulties.4.doesnt matter who you are.Ithe15解题技巧解题技巧因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词。填代词。16考点四：连词考点四：连词基础知识回顾基础知识回顾连词包括连词包括并列连词并列连词和和从属连词从属连词1）并列连词）并列连词：连接并列结构，主要有：连接并列结构，主要有and,or,butHurry up,or you will be late.Tom was ill yesterday,but he went to school as usual.Work hard and youll make progress every day.17When I saw him,he was playing basketball.Whether you will go there hasnt been decided.This is the best book that I have ever seen.2）从属连词）从属连词：在主从复合句中引导从句：在主从复合句中引导从句18考点四：连词考点四：连词 无提示词无提示词两个主谓结构连接两个主谓结构连接并列连词和从属连词并列连词和从属连词 1.I once met a young man seemed tired and in pain on my way home.With a smile,he asked I could lend him some money.if/wether考查语法点考查语法点:各类并列句及复合句中连词各类并列句及复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法who2.It was a comfortable and peaceful town next to the sea,was surrounded(环绕）环绕）by fields and mountains.which19考查语法点考查语法点:各类复合句中连接词各类复合句中连接词,引导词的用法引导词的用法3.When I came back,Mr.Miller said,“Sorry,I have no money,I can do something for you.”He played a CD for me.Hearing the beautiful music,I was so interested in it I forgot the money and did the work happily.At last,Mr.Miller gave me a ticket to a concert.butthat20解题技巧解题技巧(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词列连词and,or,but等。等。(2)若两个句子之间，没有句号或分号，那空格若两个句子之间，没有句号或分号，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。句式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连接词。用法，确定填具体的某个连接词。211.I heard you British people have afternoon tea every day.Is that true?2.From an early age Larry Page had been interested in finding out mechanical（机械的）（机械的）things worked,but it was invention interested Page most.3.There is no doubt there are so many thinkers and inventors helpedto develop the computer.4.Since then we havent seen each other much.weve kept writing to each other.thatthathowthatwhoBut22总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定词性词性动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词冠词冠词介词介词连词连词代词代词词性词性一一般般有有提提示示词词无无提提示示词词23总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升二根据上下文及语法，确定二根据上下文及语法，确定词形词形冠词冠词冠词冠词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词并列句及复合句并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语动词非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形及变形谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致连词连词连词连词介词介词介词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词性变化词性变化词性变化词汇词汇,构词法构词法谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词代词代词代词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词指示代词，反身代词24根据语义根据语义,确定词确定词形形分析句子分析句子,确定词确定词性性解题四步走提示：归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文通读全文,理解大意理解大意总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升检查搭配检查搭配,前后连贯前后连贯25Thank you for Thank you for attention!attention!26
