大学英语阅读理解解题技巧.ppt

LOGO阅读理解应试技巧阅读理解应试技巧阅读理解应试技巧阅读理解应试技巧LOGOLOGOv一、阅读方法：一、阅读方法：首先，在解题前，应先快速浏览文章后的问题，首先，在解题前，应先快速浏览文章后的问题，找出题干找出题干中的关键词中的关键词，明确需要解决的问题，这样阅读的目的就很明，明确需要解决的问题，这样阅读的目的就很明确；然后带着这些问题的关键词句开始阅读，并结合以下三确；然后带着这些问题的关键词句开始阅读，并结合以下三种阅读方法解不同的题型。种阅读方法解不同的题型。v略读（略读（SkimmingSkimming）：这种阅读方式用于快速浏览，）：这种阅读方式用于快速浏览，其主要其主要目的就是把握全文的大意目的就是把握全文的大意。要按意群扫视，连贯阅读；要特。要按意群扫视，连贯阅读；要特别注意文章的开始段、结束段、每段的首句和结尾句以及段别注意文章的开始段、结束段、每段的首句和结尾句以及段落之间的连接词语和文章中的信息词，它们往往是了解文章落之间的连接词语和文章中的信息词，它们往往是了解文章大意的关键。大意的关键。v查读（查读（ScanningScanning）：这种阅读方式）：这种阅读方式适于寻找具体细节适于寻找具体细节，例如：，例如：事实、数字、人物、原因、年代、方式等。这种方法主要用事实、数字、人物、原因、年代、方式等。这种方法主要用于做细节题。于做细节题。v细读（细读（Reading for full understandingReading for full understanding）：这种阅读方式）：这种阅读方式适于适于某些需要判断或思考的问题某些需要判断或思考的问题。对于这种问题先要找到它在文。对于这种问题先要找到它在文章中的相关段落，然后逐句阅读，特别是对与问题有关的关章中的相关段落，然后逐句阅读，特别是对与问题有关的关键词、关键句要仔细推敲。键词、关键句要仔细推敲。LOGOv二阅读考题类型及相应的应答技巧二阅读考题类型及相应的应答技巧v（一）细节题：（一）细节题：v主要是考查学生对文章某些事实的细节和数据的掌握，这类主要是考查学生对文章某些事实的细节和数据的掌握，这类问题的答案一般都能在原文中找到。对于事实细节题，关键问题的答案一般都能在原文中找到。对于事实细节题，关键是要定位准确。应首先找到它的考查点，这种题只要找到细是要定位准确。应首先找到它的考查点，这种题只要找到细节题所在的地方，再联系上下文，然后根据它的命题规律答节题所在的地方，再联系上下文，然后根据它的命题规律答题即可。题即可。这类题的题干答案在意义上通常等于原文中某一这类题的题干答案在意义上通常等于原文中某一部分的内容，也就是说用不同的表达方式使题干答案与原部分的内容，也就是说用不同的表达方式使题干答案与原文等值文等值（即同义结构，如：（即同义结构，如：educational institutioneducational institution school;school;make strenuous effortsmake strenuous efforts strive strive）。文中的时间、地点、人）。文中的时间、地点、人物、数量或事实多为提问的对象（即物、数量或事实多为提问的对象（即when,where,who,when,where,who,why,how,how many/much,.why,how,how many/much,.），而这些问题的表达常不），而这些问题的表达常不采用文章中的原话提问，而是使用同义词语等，因此，在选采用文章中的原话提问，而是使用同义词语等，因此，在选择答案前应首先看准题干，看清问题所问究竟是什么细节内择答案前应首先看准题干，看清问题所问究竟是什么细节内容；然后，在查读时注意寻找与题目相关的关键词语；最后，容；然后，在查读时注意寻找与题目相关的关键词语；最后，在充分理解原文、原题的基础上确定答案。在充分理解原文、原题的基础上确定答案。LOGOvThe French Revolution broke out in 1789.At the time France was in a The French Revolution broke out in 1789.At the time France was in a crisis.The government was badly run and peoplecrisis.The government was badly run and peoples lives were s lives were miserable.King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and miserable.King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and raise more taxes.raise more taxes.But his effort failed.He ordered his troops to Versailles.But his effort failed.He ordered his troops to Versailles.The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force.force.On July 14,1789,they stormed and took the Bastille,where On July 14,1789,they stormed and took the Bastille,where political prisoners were kept.political prisoners were kept.12.Which did not happen in 1789?12.Which did not happen in 1789?A.The French Revolution broke out.A.The French Revolution broke out.B.The national economy was developing rapidly.B.The national economy was developing rapidly.C.The government wasn C.The government wasnt well run.t well run.D.King Louis XIV was in power.D.King Louis XIV was in power.13.Where were the political prisoners kept?13.Where were the political prisoners kept?A.In Versailles.A.In Versailles.B.In Austria.B.In Austria.C.In Prussia.C.In Prussia.D.In Bastille.D.In Bastille.BDLOGO A couple,John and Mary,had two lovely children.A couple,John and Mary,had two lovely children.John had just John had just been asked to go on a business trip and would be gone for several been asked to go on a business trip and would be gone for several days.Mary would go along too.days.Mary would go along too.They hired a reliable woman to They hired a reliable woman to care for the children and made the trip,returning home a little care for the children and made the trip,returning home a little earlier than they had planned.earlier than they had planned.As they drove into their hometown,As they drove into their hometown,they noticed smoke,and they they noticed smoke,and they went off their usual route to see what it was.They found a home went off their usual route to see what it was.They found a home in flames.Mary said,Well,it isnt our fire,lets go home.in flames.Mary said,Well,it isnt our fire,lets go home.“1.John and Mary hired a woman to look after their children when John and Mary hired a woman to look after their children when _._.A.the children were getting out of control.A.the children were getting out of control.B.John would be on a business trip and Mary would go along,too.B.John would be on a business trip and Mary would go along,too.C.there was a car accident.C.there was a car accident.D.they were too tired to do it themselves.D.they were too tired to do it themselves.2.2.On their way home the couple _.On their way home the couple _.A.found a murder.A.found a murder.B.found a robbery.B.found a robbery.C.first noticed smoke and then they found a house in fire.C.first noticed smoke and then they found a house in fire.D.found that they were running out of gas.D.found that they were running out of gas.BCLOGO I often find myself trying to explain the I often find myself trying to explain the attraction traveling holds for me.Traveling,according attraction traveling holds for me.Traveling,according to many people,is often uncomfortable and even,at to many people,is often uncomfortable and even,at least sometimes,dangerous.But one benefit of least sometimes,dangerous.But one benefit of traveling is that it creates a perfect atmosphere for the traveling is that it creates a perfect atmosphere for the observation of life,an environment that can lead to observation of life,an environment that can lead to better understanding and enlightenment.Many better understanding and enlightenment.Many wonderful people and places lie on the road ahead.wonderful people and places lie on the road ahead.The fact that there are obstacles as well only makes the The fact that there are obstacles as well only makes the journey more rewarding.journey more rewarding.My life and my memories will My life and my memories will be improved after encountering these people and be improved after encountering these people and places.Thatplaces.Thats a pretty big benefit!s a pretty big benefit!1.According to the author,_ can According to the author,_ can only make the only make the journey more worthwhile.journey more worthwhile.A A.obstacles .obstacles B B.memories.memories C C.additional fascination .additional fascination D D.benefit.benefitALOGO Of course I could also enrich my life without traveling very far at Of course I could also enrich my life without traveling very far at all,but there is something about foreign lands that provides an all,but there is something about foreign lands that provides an additional fascination.additional fascination.I think most non-travelers are simply too I think most non-travelers are simply too distracted by things such as work,home,and friends to devote their distracted by things such as work,home,and friends to devote their full attention to observation of life.full attention to observation of life.Im more observant when Im on Im more observant when Im on the road and therefore,more alive.I talk to more people and listen the road and therefore,more alive.I talk to more people and listen to them carefully.I keenly notice everything about my strange new to them carefully.I keenly notice everything about my strange new environment.I see a lot of humor that can compensate for(environment.I see a lot of humor that can compensate for(弥补弥补)the)the misery(misery(痛苦痛苦)of moving about.)of moving about.AccordingAccording to the author,the problem with to the author,the problem with most non-travelers is that most non-travelers is that _._.A.they live a busy life without having fun.A.they live a busy life without having fun.B.their attention centers so much on work,home and friends that B.their attention centers so much on work,home and friends that they donthey dont observe life wholeheartedly.t observe life wholeheartedly.C.they consider money-making the most important thing.C.they consider money-making the most important thing.D.they can D.they cant enrich their life because they dont enrich their life because they dont travel very far.t travel very BLOGOv（二）正误判断题（二）正误判断题 由于所提信息在文中比较清晰，可以一一找到，所以，解由于所提信息在文中比较清晰，可以一一找到，所以，解决这类问题可采用带选题跳读的阅读技巧，首先找出问题决这类问题可采用带选题跳读的阅读技巧，首先找出问题或选项中出现的关键词语或主要检测点，然后略读文章，或选项中出现的关键词语或主要检测点，然后略读文章，扫描这些词所在的句子，再详细读这些句子。必要时，连扫描这些词所在的句子，再详细读这些句子。必要时，连同它们前后的句子也要仔细阅读，以便综合考虑和确定答同它们前后的句子也要仔细阅读，以便综合考虑和确定答案。这样做可以有根据地排除多余的信息及干扰，快速抓案。这样做可以有根据地排除多余的信息及干扰，快速抓住供解题用的信息点，提高解题速度和准确性。住供解题用的信息点，提高解题速度和准确性。vA:According to the passage,which of the following is A:According to the passage,which of the following is(NOT)true?(NOT)true?vB:According to the passage,which of the following B:According to the passage,which of the following statements is wrong?statements is wrong?LOGOv In the United States,it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the In the United States,it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning.If you telephone him early in the day,while he is shaving or having morning.If you telephone him early in the day,while he is shaving or having breakfast,the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires breakfast,the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention.The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after immediate attention.The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m.If someone receives a call during sleeping hours,he assumes it11:00 p.m.If someone receives a call during sleeping hours,he assumes its a matter s a matter of life or death.The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.In social of life or death.The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.In social life,time plays a very important part.life,time plays a very important part.In the U.S.A.guests tend to feel they are not In the U.S.A.guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.before the party date.But it is not true in all countries.But it is not true in all countries.In other areas of the world,it In other areas of the world,it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgottenwhich are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten.The The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.Thus,meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.Thus,misunderstandings arise misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently.between people from different cultures that treat time differently.Promptness is Promptness is valued highly in American life,valued highly in American life,for example.If people are not prompt,they may be for example.If people are not prompt,they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible.In the U.S.no one would think of regarded as impolite or not fully responsible.In the U.S.no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour,it would be too impolite.A person keeping a business associate waiting for an hour,it would be too impolite.A person who is 5 minutes late,will say a few words of explanation,though perhaps he will who is 5 minutes late,will say a few words of explanation,though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.not complete the sentence.vWhich of the following statements is true according to the passage?_Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?_ A.In the U.S.A guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a A.In the U.S.A guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.B.There is no misunderstanding arising between people from different cultures B.There is no misunderstanding arising between people from different cultures about the concept of time.about the concept of time.C.It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the C.It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the U.S.A.U.S.A.D.Promptness is valued highly in American life.D.Promptness is valued highly in American DLOGOv Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions.minds and emotions.This charming and telling use of words is what This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style.we call literary style.Above all,the real poet is a master of words.Above all,the real poet is a master of words.He He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association can move men to tears.their position and association can move men to tears.We should We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately,or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.accurately,or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?A.He is no more than a master of words.A.He is no more than a master of words.B.He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.B.He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.C.He can move men to tears.C.He can move men to tears.D.His style is always charming.D.His style is always ALOGO Congress approved the Rehabilitation Act(Congress approved the Rehabilitation Act(助残法案助残法案)in 1973.This)in 1973.This law requires schools to provide disabled students with opportunities equal law requires schools to provide disabled students with opportunities equal to those for other students.A more recent law requires public schools to to those for other students.A more recent law requires public schools to establish a program for each child found to have a disability.Schools must establish a program for each child found to have a disability.Schools must write,and follow,a statement called an I.E.P.,an individualized education write,and follow,a statement called an I.E.P.,an individualized education program.If not,parents may take legal action.program.If not,parents may take legal action.States must provide special States must provide special education services for free.Teachers with these skills are in great demand.education services for free.Teachers with these skills are in great demand.There are many ways to meet the needs of a student who has There are many ways to meet the needs of a studen