高中英语外刊精读学案（13）-全球海洋温度创历史新高.docx

学案（13）高中英语必备-外刊精读（13）Global ocean temperatures hit record high in 20212021年全球海洋温度创历史新高（文章来源：CGTN）导读: 2021年，海洋升温持续，成为有现代海洋观测记录以来海洋最 暖的一年。 Step 1 划分句子成分1.找核心动词 4.找非谓语动词2.找核心主语或名词 5.介词或介词短语3.找核心宾语或表语 6.连词2021 was the hottest year on record for the world's oceans, according to a new study published by a team of international scientists who tracked the data. The study was conducted by 23 researchers from 14 institutes in China, the U.S. and Italy. It was published Tuesday（时间词） in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. The scientists discovered that the top 2,000 meters in every ocean absorbed the greatest amount of heat last year than the previous record set just the year before（时间词）, equal to 145 times the global electricity generation in 2020. Since more than 90 percent of the excess heat caused by global warming is absorbed by the oceans, ocean heat content is a primary indicator of global warming, said Kevin Trenberth, a scientist with the U.S（Kevin Trenberth 的同位语） National Center for Atmospheric Research and a co-author of the study. Furthermore, the oceans are currently absorbing 20 to 30 percent of human carbon dioxide emissions, leading to oceans' acidification. However, ocean warming reduced the efficiency of oceanic carbon uptake and left more carbon dioxide in the air, said Cheng Lijing, lead paper author and associate professor with the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Monitoring and understanding the heat and carbon coupling in the future are essential to tracking climate change mitigation goals, Cheng said, calling for more attention to be paid to the oceans as many countries pledge to achieve carbon neutrality in the coming decades. As oceans warm, the water expands and sea levels rise. Warmer oceans also supercharge weather systems, creating more powerful storms and hurricanes, as well as increasing precipitation and flood risk, Cheng added. Step 2 词汇驿站（注：带“*”的单词均为超纲词，其他词均为高考考纲词汇）1.publish v. 出版，发行，发表2.track n. 小道，踪迹，足迹，车辙 v. 追查，追踪 3.data n. 数据，资料 4.conduct v. 实施，进行，指挥，带领，引导，表现，传导 5.*institute n. 研究所，学院，学会 6.journal n. 杂志，期刊，日记，报纸，日志 7.Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 大气科学进展 8.discover v. 发现，找到，了解到 9.absorb v. 吸收，使并入，纳入，同化 10.the amount of .的数量11.heat n. 热能，热量，炎热 v. 加热 12.previous adj. 以前的，先前的 13.*record set 记录（集） 14.equal to 等于，胜任 15.electricity generation 发电 16.excess n. 超过，过量 adj. 过多的，超额的，额外的，附加的 17.ocean heat content 海洋热含量 18.primary adj. 主要的，首要的，小学的，初级的，原发性的，最基本的19.*indicator n. 标志，迹象，转向指示灯 20.*the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research美国国家大气研究中心21.co-author n. 合著者 22.furthermore adv. 此外，而且 23.currently adv. 现时，当前 24.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 25.emission n. 排放，散发，排放物，散发物 26.*acidification n. 酸化，成酸性27.efficiency n. 效率，效能，功率 28.oceanic adj. 海洋的，与海洋有关的，（气候）海洋性的 29.*uptake n. 摄取，领会，举起 30.lead paper author论文第一作者 31.associate professor 副教授 32.*the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences中国科学院大气物理研究所33.monitor n. 显示器，监视器，班长 v. 监视，监听34.*carbon coupling碳耦合 35.*mitigation n. 减轻，缓和 36.*pledge v./n. 保证，承诺，发誓 37.achieve v. 达到，实现，完成 38.*carbon neutrality 碳中和，碳平衡 39.decade n. 十年 40.expand v. 扩大，增加，扩展 41.*supercharge v. 对.增压，使.超载，使.超负荷 42.storm n. 暴风雨，暴风雪，风暴 43.*hurricane n. 飓风 44.*precipitation n. 沉淀，降雨 45.flood n. 洪水，洪灾Step 3 尽享原文2021 was the hottest year on record for the world's oceans, according to a new study published by a team of international scientists who tracked the data. The study was conducted by 23 researchers from 14 institutes in China, the U.S. and Italy. It was published Tuesday in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. The scientists discovered that the top 2,000 meters in every ocean absorbed the greatest amount of heat last year than the previous record set just the year before, equal to 145 times the global electricity generation in 2020. Since more than 90 percent of the excess heat caused by global warming is absorbed by the oceans, ocean heat content is a primary indicator of global warming, said Kevin Trenberth, a scientist with the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research and a co-author of the study. Furthermore, the oceans are currently absorbing 20 to 30 percent of human carbon dioxide emissions, leading to oceans' acidification. However, ocean warming reduced the efficiency of oceanic carbon uptake and left more carbon dioxide in the air, said Cheng Lijing, lead paper author and associate professor with the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Monitoring and understanding the heat and carbon coupling in the future are essential to tracking climate change mitigation goals, Cheng said, calling for more attention to be paid to the oceans as many countries pledge to achieve carbon neutrality in the coming decades. As oceans warm, the water expands and sea levels rise. Warmer oceans also supercharge weather systems, creating more powerful storms and hurricanes, as well as increasing precipitation and flood risk, Cheng added. Step 4 单词自测（注：带“*”的单词均为超纲词，其他词均为高考考纲词汇）121.publish v. 2.track n. 3.data n. 4.conduct v. 5.*institute n. 6.journal n. 7.Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 8.discover v. 9.absorb v. 10.the amount of 11.heat n. 12.previous adj. 13.*record set 14.equal to 15.electricity generation 16.excess n. 17.ocean heat content 18.primary adj. 19.*indicator n. 20.*the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research 21.co-author n. 22.furthermore adv. 23.currently adv. 24.carbon dioxide 25.emission n. 26.*acidification n. 27.efficiency n. 28.oceanic adj. 29.*uptake n. 30.lead paper author 31.associate professor 32.*the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences 33.monitor n. 34.*carbon coupling 35.*mitigation n. 36.*pledge v./n. 37.achieve v. 38.*carbon neutrality 39.decade n. 40.expand v. 41.*supercharge v. 42.storm n. 43.*hurricane n. 44.*precipitation n. 45.flood n. Step 5 原文翻译2021 was the hottest year on record for the world's oceans, 2021年是有记录以来世界海洋最暖的一年， according to a new study published by a team of international scientists who tracked the data. 根据一组追踪数据的国际科学家发表的一项新研究。 The study was conducted by 23 researchers from 14 institutes in China, the U.S. and Italy. 这项研究是由来自中国、美国和意大利的14个研究所的23名研究人员进行的。 It was published Tuesday in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 这项研究发表在周二的大气科学进展杂志上。 The scientists discovered that the top 2,000 meters in every ocean absorbed the greatest amount of heat last year than the previous record set just the year before, 科学家们发现，去年每个海洋上层2000米吸收的热量比前年创下的纪录都要高， equal to 145 times the global electricity generation in 2020. 这些热量相当于2020年全球发电量的145倍。 Since more than 90 percent of the excess heat caused by global warming is absorbed by the oceans, 由于全球变暖造成的多余热量有百分之九十以上被海洋吸收， ocean heat content is a primary indicator of global warming, said Kevin Trenberth, a scientist with the U.S. 海洋热含量是全球变暖的主要指标，美国科学家凯文·特伦伯斯(Kevin Trenberth)表示。 National Center for Atmospheric Research and a co-author of the study. 他是美国国家大气研究中心的科学家以及该研究的合著者之一。 Furthermore, the oceans are currently absorbing 20 to 30 percent of human carbon dioxide emissions, leading to oceans' acidification. 此外，海洋目前吸收了人类二氧化碳排放量的20%至30%，导致海洋酸化。 However, ocean warming reduced the efficiency of oceanic carbon uptake and left more carbon dioxide in the air, 然而，海洋变暖降低了海洋碳吸收的效率，在空气中留下了更多的二氧化碳。 said Cheng Lijing, lead paper author and associate professor with the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 论文第一作者、中国科学院大气物理研究所副教授程里京表示。 Monitoring and understanding the heat and carbon coupling in the future are essential to tracking climate change mitigation goals, Cheng said, 程说，监测和了解未来的热和碳耦合对于跟踪气候变化缓解目标至关重要， calling for more attention to be paid to the oceans as many countries pledge to achieve carbon neutrality in the coming decades. 他呼吁更多地关注海洋，因为许多国家承诺在未来几十年实现碳中和。 As oceans warm, the water expands and sea levels rise. 随着海洋变暖，海水膨胀，海平面上升。 Warmer oceans also supercharge weather systems, creating more powerful storms and hurricanes, as well as increasing precipitation and flood risk, Cheng added. 程补充说，变暖的海洋也给天气系统带来了增压，制造了更强大的风暴和飓风，并增加了降水和洪水风险。