代词考点讲义24七组替代词的用法区别知识点总结- 新高考高中英语语法二轮复习（全国通用）.docx

新高考高中英语语法二轮复习【全国通用】代词考点讲义24【精讲版】七组替代词的用法区别知识点总结 替代词it与one的区别一般说来，it表特指，相当于“the+名词”，表示与前面提到的事物为同一物；one表泛指，相当于“a+名词”，表示与前面提到的人或事物为同类，但并非同一。比较：I cant find my pen. Have you seen it? 我找不到我的钢笔了，你看到过它吗？I cant find my pen. I think I must buy one. 我找不到我的钢笔了，我想我得去买一支。另外，注意it与the one的区别：虽然it和the one均表特指，但it后不能接定语短语或定语从句，而the one后面则通常要接定语短语或定语从句。如：My room is better than the one next door. 我的房间比隔壁房间好。He was the one who told the police. 告诉警察的就是他。 替代词one与the one的区别one用作替代词主要用于替代“a单数可数名词”，表泛指；若需特指，则用the one。两者均可受定语短语或定语从句的修饰。如：A fast train is one that goes fast. 快车是一种行驶快的火车。The accident was similar to one that happened in 2005. 这个事故与发生在2005年的事故类似。Open the drawer on the left, the one with a key in it. 打开左边的抽屉，上面有钥匙的那个。Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best. 这里有六枚戒指，选出你最喜欢的一枚。I want very much to see these films, especially the one you mentioned. 我很想看这些电影，特别是你提到的那一部。 替代词the one与that的区别the one与that均可表特指（均为单数意义），前者可用于指人或指事物，但只用于替代单数可数名词；而后者只用于事物，但可用于替代单数可数名词或不可数名词。如：He said he would have the one near him. 他说他要靠近他的那一个。Youre the one who knows where to go. 只有你知道该到哪里去。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州冷。A grandparents job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。 替代词ones与the ones的区别ones主要用于替代复数名词，表泛指；若需特指，则用the ones。如：If you havent got a big plate, two small ones will do. 如果没有大盘子，两个小盘子也行。We still have shortcomings, and very big ones too. 我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。Do you know the ones who moved here recently? 你认识最近搬到这儿来的那些人吗?The top front teeth are the ones which are most at risk from tooth decay. 上门齿是最容易受到腐蚀的牙齿。 替代词that与those的区别1. that用作替代词主要用于替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，表特指。如：A dogs intelligence is much greater than that of a cat. 狗的智慧比猫的高得多。A grandparents job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。2. those用作替代词主要用于替代复数名词，表特指。如：Its up to us to help those in need. 我们有责任帮助那些有困难的人。It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. 据说吃得最多的人身体最差。Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。 替代词that与it的区别替代词that与代词it的用法不同，that用于指代前面提到的“同类”事物，而it主要指代前面提到的“同一”事物。如：The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。Im taking a raincoat with me in case I need it. 我随身带有雨衣，以备不时不需。 替代词those与they的区别替代词those与代词they用法也不同，those是指代前面提到的“同类”事物，而they (以及宾格them)主要指代前面提到的“同一”事物。如：Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light. 红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。If the children were to go to the seaside, they would be happy. 如果去海边的话，孩子们会很高兴的。His books are wonderful. Ive read every one of them. 他的书写得好极了，我每一本都读过了。