大学英语四级考试翻译技巧.ppt
大学英语四级翻译大学英语四级翻译大学英语四级翻译大学英语四级翻译解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧一一 考试形式考试形式 二二 考核重点考核重点三三:答题步骤答题步骤 一考试形式一考试形式 1.考试时间:5 分钟 2.分值:5%3.由原来英译汉变为汉译英汉译英:06年6月4.名为翻译,实为补全句子二二.考点分析考点分析 1.核心语法(动名词,定语从句,状语核心语法(动名词,定语从句,状语从句(从句(最常考最常考),虚拟语气),虚拟语气)2.重点单词重点单词3.固定搭配固定搭配一语法结构(一语法结构(grammar)考了九道,非常重要。考察的语法点:考了九道,非常重要。考察的语法点:动名词、虚拟动名词、虚拟语气、倒装、状语从句(最常考)、定语从句。语气、倒装、状语从句(最常考)、定语从句。1动名词动名词(gerund)87.Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble(找到去历史博物馆的路找到去历史博物馆的路)_(2006.6)finding the way to the history museum强化练习:强化练习:有些动词或动词词组后需接动名词。有些动词或动词词组后需接动名词。注意:也可能会考注意:也可能会考不定式(不定式(infinitive)。)。2虚拟语气虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)89.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.(2006.12)would have had a chance to survive/of survival 考察知识点:虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气,从句用had done,主句用would have done有机会做某事:have a chance to do sth.88.If she had returned an hour earlier,Mary _(就不会被大雨淋湿了).wouldnt have been caught in the heavy rain.3倒装倒装(inversion)Notonly_(他向我收费过高)(他向我收费过高),buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.didheoverchargeme考点:考点:Notonly引起的部分倒装引起的部分倒装(助动词提前)(助动词提前)正常结构:正常结构:Henotonlyoverchargedme,buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.总结:总结:neither,nor 和和so 位于句首的句子的倒装位于句首的句子的倒装 only+状语或状语从句位于句首的句子的倒装状语或状语从句位于句首的句子的倒装 否定词否定词位于句首的句子的倒装位于句首的句子的倒装EG:OnlyononeoccasionhaveIeverfeltfrightened.4状语从句(状语从句(adverbial clauses)重要考点。1)目的状语(adverbial clauses of purpose):一道。88.In order to_(挣钱支付我的学费),Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.(2006.6)make money to support my schooling【考点剖析】对于为了挣钱供我上学的表达,我们可以说To earn money for my education;To earn money for my schooling;In order to make money to finance my education;In order to make money to fund my education;In order to earn money to afford my education等。2)让步状语(adverbial clauses of concession)91.Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.(2006.6)he was fired by the company可以表示解雇的有可以表示解雇的有dismiss,discharge,fire等等 强化例句:不管你有多忙,he always insists on coming with you.No matter how busy you are3)时间状语(adverbial clauses of time)90.Some psychologists claim that people(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)(2006.12)may feel lonely when theyre away from home.4)条件状语条件状语(adverbialclausesofcondition)91.Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning如果你方如果你方便的话便的话(2007.6.)ifitsconvenientforyou./atyourconvenience强化例句:强化例句:Ifyoureceivearequestlikethis,youcannotfailtoobeyit!5)比较状语比较状语(adverbialclausesofcomparisonorcomparativeconstructions)88.SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthat(没有什么比读书(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力对我更有吸引力tome,nothingismoreinterestingthanreading.5定语从句定语从句(attributive clauses)88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is_(我们可以(我们可以合作合作 的领域的领域)(2007.6)the field where/in which we can cooperate.87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案他们至今还没有答案)that they havent found answers to so far.6.主语从句主语从句 90._(很多人所没有意识到的很多人所没有意识到的)is that Simon is a lover of sports.and football in particular.What many people havent realized 90._(大多数父母所关心的大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education for their children.What most parents are concerned about 二重点单词二重点单词(key words)89.Theprofessorrequiredthat(我们交研究报告我们交研究报告)byWednesday.(2006.6)we(should)handintheresearchreport强化例句:强化例句:Hesuggestedthatadoublerailwaytunnelshouldbebuilt.87.Specialistsininterculturalstudiessaythatitisnoteasyto(调整使自己调整使自己适应另一种不同的文化适应另一种不同的文化)(2006.12)adaptoneselftoadifferentcultures.强化例句:强化例句:Iamusedtotravelingbyair.87.Thefindingofthisstudyfailedtoconsider(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内)(2007.6)thequalityofhumanssleep.87.(多亏了一系列的新发明多亏了一系列的新发明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.(07.12)Owingto(或或Thanksto)aseriesofnewinventions89.Because of the leg injury,the athlete(决决定退出比赛定退出比赛)(2007.6)decided/determined to quit the match90.To make donations or for more information,please contact us(按以下地址和按以下地址和我们联系我们联系)(2007.6)at the following address 91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning.(如果你方便的话如果你方便的话)at your convenience三固定搭配三固定搭配(set structures)91.The nations population continues to rise(以每年以每年1200万人的速度万人的速度).(2006.12)at a rate of 12 million per year强化例句:强化例句:It now comes straight towards them(以惊人的速度以惊人的速度).at tremendous speed87.The finding of this study failed to(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内)(2007.6)take account of the quality of humans sleep.88.It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _(更有可能增加体重更有可能增加体重).more likely to put on/gain weight.答题步骤答题步骤 第一步:第一步:首先快速浏览句子,先看英语不看汉语,从而判断首先快速浏览句子,先看英语不看汉语,从而判断划线处所填句子的划线处所填句子的形式、时态。形式、时态。所谓形式包括:所谓形式包括:1.词组固定搭配词组固定搭配(不定式短语、分词短语、动不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等名词、句子等);2.虚拟虚拟;3.被动;被动;所谓时态是指:所谓时态是指:根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。句子的时态。第二步:第二步:看括号里面的汉语句子,以看括号里面的汉语句子,以核心谓语动词核心谓语动词为切入点,为切入点,找准找准主谓宾主谓宾、分清、分清定状补定状补。第三步:先第三步:先翻译翻译主谓宾、后主谓宾、后翻译翻译定状补,切块对应定状补,切块对应翻译翻译,重,重新组合。新组合。翻译时要分析句型,看应用翻译时要分析句型,看应用何种句型或结构、注意固定搭配、何种句型或结构、注意固定搭配、词语搭配、动词的形式、动词时态语态、名词的可数与不可词语搭配、动词的形式、动词时态语态、名词的可数与不可数及其单复数、语序数及其单复数、语序等,保持句子的完整。等,保持句子的完整。五条冲刺备考建议:五条冲刺备考建议:1.在在进进行行翻翻译译练练习习时时,尽尽量量力力求求翻翻译译答答案案多多样样化化,以以便便扩扩展展思维,开阔思路,掌握重点核心表达。思维,开阔思路,掌握重点核心表达。2.绝绝对对不不能能忽忽视视以以前前词词汇汇语语法法的的单单项项选选择择题题,尽尽量量在在以以前前的的词汇词汇题中挖掘新四级题中挖掘新四级翻译翻译考点考点.3.多多背背搭搭配配,同同时时利利用用经经典典搭搭配配多多造造句句子子,完完善善语语法法结结构构。同时可以提高自己的同时可以提高自己的写作写作水平,一举两得。水平,一举两得。4.强强化化重重点点语语法法知知识识。如如倒倒装装结结构构、虚虚拟拟语语气气、比比较较结结构构、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等。定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等。5.深深度度分分析析已已考考翻翻译译试试题题,全全面面掌掌握握挖挖掘掘潜潜在在考考点点,学学会会举举一反三。一反三。有些词后只能接动名词有些词后只能接动名词:admit;appreciate;avoid;consider;delay;deny;dislike;enjoy;escape;fancy;feel like;finish;forgive;cant help;imagine;mind;miss;postpone;practice;prevent;resist;risk.