英语六级考试真题及答案第三套.pdf

2017 年 12 月英语六级考试真题及答案（第三套）“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。”Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:for this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the sayingHelp others,and you will be helped when you are in need you can cite examples to ilustrate your views.you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200。Part II Listening comprehension(30miutes)Section a Section a Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1、a)they forbid business produce more foods than needed b)they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy c)they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stale d)they reward businesses that eliminate food waste 2、a)it passed a law aiming to stop overproduction b)it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales c)it voted against food import from outside europe d)imposed penalties on businesses that waste food 3.a)it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foods b)it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste c)it has warmed its people against possible food shortag d)it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods 4.a)americans habit of buying food in bulk.b)a lack of regulation on food consumption.c)the confusion over food expiration labels d)the surplus resulting from overproduction Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.a)it specializes in the sale of ladiesdesigner dresses b)it offers regular weekend sales all the year round c)it has just launched its annual anniversary sales d)it has started a week-long promotion campaign.6.a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b)coupons for customers with bulk purchases c)free delivery of purchases for senior customers d)price adjustments within seven days of purchase 7.a)mail a gift card to her.b)allow her to buy on credi c)credit it to her account d)give her some coupons 8.a)refunding for goods returned b)free installing of appliances.c)prolonged goods warranty.d)complimentary tailoring Section b Directions:in this section,you will hear two passages.at the end of each passage,you will hear Iree or four questions.both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a,b,cand d).then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard 9.a)they are thin,tall,and unlike real human beings.b)they have more than twenty different hair textures c)they have twenty-four different body shapes in total d)they represent people from virtually all walks of life.10.a)they do not reflect young girls aspirations b)they are not sold together with the original c)their flat feet do not appeal to adolescents d)their body shapes have not changed much 11.a)in toy stores b)in shopping malls.c)on the internet d)at barbie shops Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard 12.a)moveable metal type began to be used in printing b)chinese printing technology was first introduce c)the earliest known book was published d)metal type was imported from korea 13.a)it produced some 20 million volumes in total b)it helped the german people become literat c)it was the biggest printer in the 16th century,d)it had more than a hundred printing presses.14.a)it boosted the circulation of popular works b)it provided readers with more choice c)it made writing a very profitable career d)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation 15.a)it accelerate the extinction of the latin language.b)it promoted the growth of national languages c)it turned translation into a welcome professin.d)it standardized the publication of grammar books Section c Directions:in this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.the recordings will be played only once.after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a,b,c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.a)they choose a job without thinking it through b)they become stuck in the same job for decades c)they spend an average of one year finding a job d)they get bored after working for a period of time 17.a)decide which job is most attractive to you b)see if there will be chances for promotion c)watch a film about ways of job hunting d)find out what job choices are available 18.a)the pay you are going to get b)the qualifications you have c)the culture of your target company d)the work environment you will be in.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.a)it is a religious festival celebrated by afriean-amencars.b)it is an ancient fesitival celebrated by afriean-amencars.c)it is s cultural fesitival celebrated by afriean-amencars.d)it is as important as christmas for african-americans 20.a)to call on african-americans to worship their gods b)to urge african-americans to do more for socitey.c)to remind african-americans of their sufferings d)to help african-americans to realize their goals.21.a)faith in self-determination.b)the first fruits of the harvest,c)creative work and achievement d)unity and cooperative economics 22.a)they take a solemn oath b)they drink wine from the unity cup c)they recite a principle d)they call out their ancestorsnames Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.a)it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood b)it began to impact the world in recent years c)it contains large amounts of dairy products d)it is one of the worlds most healthy diets 24.a)it is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind b)it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over c)it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950s d)it involved 13,000 researchers from asia,europe and america 25.a)they eat foods with little fat b)they have lower mortality rates c)they use little oil in cooking d)they care much about their health PartIII Reading Section A Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The pacific island nation of Palau has become home to the sixth largest marine sanctuary in the world.the new marine the largest in the pacific,will 26 no fishing or also established the worlds first shark sanctuary in 2009.The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80 percent-of its maritime27,for full protection that s the highest percentage of an28 economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world.the remaining 20 percent of the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale29 fishing businesses with limited exports.island 30-have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing the ocean,said President Tommy Remengesau jr.in a statement.creating this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of Palau recognise as31 to our survival.we want to lead the way in restoring the health of the ocean for future generations.Palau has only been an32 nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmen-tal is home to one of the worlds finest marine ecosystems,with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral.Senator Hokkons Baules lead 33-of the Palau National marine sanctuary act,said the sanctuary willhelp build a34 future for the palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past.these include the centuries-old custom of,where leaders would call a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish35 an opportunity to replenish（补充）.A）allocate I)permit B）celebrities J)secure C）commercial K)solitary D）communities L)spectacle E）essential M)sponsor F）exclusive N)stocks G）independent O)territory H）indulge Section B Directions:in this section,you an going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it each statement contains information given in ine of the theparagraph from which the information is derived.you may choose a paragraph more than once.each paragraph is marked with a letter.answer the questions by marking the correspanding letter on answer sheet 2 Data sharing:an open mind on open data A it is a movement building steady momentum:a call to make research data,software code and experimental metbods publicly availablc and transparent A spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science community,and is the only way,say advocates,to address acrisis in science whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced.furthermore,they say,it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends b the open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers,on the one hand,the drive to share is gathering official steam.since 2013,global scientific bodies have begun to that support increased public access to research on the other hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they should share data,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more robust,or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more joumals and funders adopt data-sharing requirements,and as a growing number of enthusiasts call for more researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out,even as they strive to launch their own careers.(c)one key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable.they must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration proposal from those who are wary of-or unfamiliar with-open science.and they must learn how to capitalize on the movements benefits,such as opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics,such as publication in high-impact journals.D some fields have embraced open data more than others.researchers in psychology,a field rocked by findings of irreproducibility in the past few years,have been especially vocal supporters of the drive for more-open science.a few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in reproducible science-for example,by affixing an badge to articles that clearly state where data are available.according to social psychologist brian nosek,executive director of the center for open science,the average data-sharing rate for the joumal Psychological science,which uses the badges,increased tenfold to 38%from 2013 to 2015.E funders,too,are increasingly adopting an open-data policy several strongly encourage,and some require a data-management plan that makes data available.the ional scienc Foundation is among these.some philanthropic(&)funders,including the bill&melinda Gates foundation in seattle,washington,and the wellcome trust in london,also mandate open data from their grant recipients.F but many young rescarchers,especially those who have not been mentored in open science are uncertain about whether to share or to stay private.graduate students and who often are working on their lab heads grant,may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior colleague opposes sharing.G some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high,especially at the early stages of a career Everybody has a story about soneone getting scoopedsays New York university astronomer david hogg.those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate it.H researchers at small labs or at institutions focused on teaching arguably have the most to sharing hard-won data.with my institution and teaching load,i dont have postdocs and grad students,says terry mcglynn,a tropical biologist at california state university,Dominguez hills.the stakes are higher for me to share data because its a bigger fraction of whats happening in my lab.I researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in preparing data for others to view Once the data and associated materials appear in a repository(存储库),answering questions and handling complaints can take many hour.J the time investment can present other problems.in some cases,says data scientist karthik Ram,it may be difficult for junior researchers to embrace openness when senior colleagues many of whom head selection and promotion committees-might ridicule what they may view as misplaced energies i have heard this recently that embracing the idea of open data and code makes traditional academics uncomfortable,says ram.the concem seems to be that open advocates dont spend their time being as productive as possible Kan open-science stance can also add complexity to a collaboration.kate ratliff,who studies social attitudes at the university of florida,gainesville,says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a field-those who care about open science and those who dont there is a new area to navigate-are you cool with the fact that ill want to make the data open-when talking with somebody about an interesting research idea,she says.L despite complications and concerns,the upsides of sharing can be significant.for example,when information is uploaded to a repository,a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned.Scientists can use a doi to publish each step of the research life cycle,not just the final paper In so doing,they can potentially get three citations-one each for tthe data and software,in addition to the paper itself.and although some say that citations for software or data hace little currency in academia,they can have other benefits Mmany advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect ientists from being scooped.this is the sweet spot between sharing and getting credit for it.while discouraging plagiarism says lvo Grigorov a project cooedinator at the national institute of aquatic resources research secretariat in charlottenlund,denmark.that scooping is less of a problem than many think.the two cases im familiar with didnt involve open data or code,he says.N open science also offers junor researchers the chance to level the playing field by gaining better access to crucial data.rose mounce a postdoc studing ecolutionary biology at the University of cambridge,uk,is a vocal champion of open science,partly because his fossilbased research depends on access to others data.he says that more openness in science could help to discourage what some perceive as a common practice of shutting out early-career scientists requests for data.Ocommunication also helps for those who worry about jeopardizin