2022-2023学年山西省晋中市平遥县第二中学高三英语第一学期期末质量检测试题含解析.pdf
2022-2023 高三上英语期末模拟试卷 注意事项：1 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用 05 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）1Iris is always kind and _ to the suffering of others.No wonder she chooses to be a relief worker.Aallergic Bimmune Crelevant Dsensitive 2Thanks to Mrs Smith,the father and the son eventually _after ten years cold relationship between them.Atook up Bpicked up Cmade up Dturned up 3When did you return last Friday?It was not until midnight _ it was raining hard.Awhen Bwhich Cthat Dbefore 4Im afraid I couldnt go to your birthday party.I have a test next Monday.Oh，！Youre my best friend and you must be there！Ago ahead Bcome on Cyou neednt Dit doesnt matter 5His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.Aso as to Bsuch as to Cso that Dsuch that 6The businessman studied the market in his hometown to find the_ for investment.Apotential Breservation Ccriterion Dallowance 7By the time he arrived in Beijing,we _ there for two days.Awill have stayed Bstay Chave been staying Dhad stayed 8He is a bad-tempered fellow,but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall Bshould Ccan Dmust 9Repairs of historic buildings have to be _ the original structure.Ain sympathy with Bin search of Cin response to Din contrast to 10According to the school rule,no child be allowed out of the school,unless accompanied by his or her own parents.Ashould Bmust Cshall Dcan 11Sympathy for the rebels,the government claimed,is beginning to _because of more and more harm they did to common people.Afade Bdecline Cfail Dcollapse 12Theres another way to survive this competition-a way no one ever seems to tell you about,_ you have to learn for yourself.Aone Bit Cthat Danother 13During _ afternoon,the rain became smaller,but towards_ evening,there was a sudden landslide that buried the village.A/;the Bthe;/Cthe;the Dan;the 14The engineer is thought to be capable and modest,so his promotion to manager is a popular _.Aachievement Bappointment Ccommitment Demployment 15 A lot of food as well as some tents _to Yushu since the earthquake occurred.Ahas been transported Bhave been transported Cis being transported Dare transported 16There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely,_ she was an only child.Aever since Bnow that Ceven though Das though 17Decades ago,scientists believed that how the brain develops when you are a kid _ determines your brain structure for the rest of your life.Asooner or later Bmore or less Cto and from Dup and down 18When Thanksgiving Day is the corner,stores and supermarkets are busy with people.Aaround Bon Cwith Dat 19Youll recognize me when you get out of the station.I_ jeans and a white T-shirt.Awill be wearing Bhad worn Cwas wearing Dhave worn 20 To make a breakthrough in his scientific research,the scientist has been making a(n)_amount of effort.Amodest Bmiserable Coptional Dtremendous 第二部分 阅读理解（满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6 分）A recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore(NUS)has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate.An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi,driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis.The higher visibility of yellow makes it easier for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis,leading to a lower accident rate.The study was led by Professor Ho.To test whether there was a causal relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had,the research team analyzed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore.The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6.1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.The researchers also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow.The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio(比例)of one yellow to three blue taxis.If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis,76.4 fewer accidents would occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.Assuming an average repair cost of$1,000 per car and a downtime of six days,switching the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual savings of$2 million.“We are eager to continue to validate(证实)the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport,such as school buses.For instance,we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses.Besides,we are also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors,”explained Professor Ho.1、Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?ABecause yellow can be seen more easily.BBecause yellow signals a warning of danger.CBecause drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.DBecause people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.2、The underlined word“fleets”in Paragraph 1 probably means _.Acolors Btypes Cbrands Dgroups 3、Whats Professor Hos study based on?APhysical risks taxi passengers experience.BThe economic effect of changing taxi color.CData from Singapores largest taxi company.DPersonal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.4、What do Professor Hos words in the last paragraph suggest?ASchool buses should be painted yellow.BTheir findings are worth popularizing.CYellow should be widely used in public transport.DTheir study will be furthered.5、What can be the best title for the text?ACaution:Yellow Taxis Ahead BSafer to Ride in Yellow Taxis CThe Preferred ColorYellow DColors and Accidents 22（8 分）Encouraging children to use gestures as they think can help them come up with more creative ideas,according to new research.“Our findings show that children naturally gesture when they think of unusual ways to use everyday items,”says psychological scientist Elizabeth Kirk.“When we then asked children to move their hands,they were able to come up with even more creative ideas.”“Gesturing may allow us to explore the properties（特性）of the items for example,how the item could be held,its size,its shape,etc.and doing so can help us come up with ideas for creative uses,”Kirk explains.In their first study，the researchers compared the creativity of children who spontaneously(自发地）gestured with those who either did not or could not gesture.A total of 78 children,aged 9-11,saw a series of images of ordinary items,such as a newspaper,a tin can,and a kettle.The researchers asked the children to look at each image and list as many uses as they could think of.A group of participants completed the task twice on one version of the task,they wore mittens（连指手套）that limited their ability to gesture.Restricting childrens ability to gesture did not affect their ability to come up with creative uses for the objects;Children who were free to gesture produced about the same number of ideas as those who wore the mittens and could not gesture.In a second experiment,54 children completed the same alternative-uses task.In some cases,children gestured normally;in other cases,the researchers encouraged the children to“use your hands to show me how you could use the object in different ways”.The encouragement worked:Children who were specifically encouraged to gesture produced a greater number of creative uses for the objects than did the children who were not given any special instruction.“Our findings add to the growing body of evidence showing the significant role of gesture in thinking and have applications to the classroom,”Kirk concluded in their paper.1、What did the researchers intend to find out in the first experiment?AThe number of creative ideas the children could think of.BHow the children would explore the properties of the items.CWhether encouraging gesture would help to produce more new ideas.DThe difference between thinking with gestures and without gestures.2、Why were mittens used in the experiment?ATo restrict gestures.BTo limit creative thinking.CTo test the ability to gesture,DTo increase creative ideas.3、When did the children think of the most new ideas?AWhen wearing mittens.BWhen encouraged to gesture.CWhen naturally gesturing.DWhen not using their hands.4、What would be the best title for the text?ACommunicate with Gestures BThink with Your Hands CUse Everyday Items Creatively DMake Gestures when Necessary 23（8 分）As the weather costs you a loss on trains and flights,we look at your rights.Cancelled trains On a single ticket,a passenger will usually receive 25%of the fare if the train is delayed by 15 minutes.If the delay reaches 30 minutes,the compensation（补偿金）rises to 50%,and if its over an hour you should be able to reclaim the whole cost.Clear arrangements vary according to train operators（运营商）.If you were due to travel,to say Aberdeen from London,your train is cancelled and you decide not to travel,you can get a full compensation.If you had a non-cancelable ticket with one operator,and failed to make that train because the connecting train was delayed,you can take the next available train.Flights If your flight is cancelled because of the snow you have the right to s full compensation of the ticket,or to be rerouted home on a later flight.But you will have no right to get a delay or cancellation compensation under EU rules,because the snow is an extraordinary circumstance beyond the airlines control.If you dont take the compensation and choose to be rerouted,and it means you are stuck at the airport overnight,its the airlines duty to pay for a reasonably priced hotel room and meals.The airline has to reroute you at the earliest opportunity,or at the passengers free time,you are supposed to take the availability of seats.If you choose to be rerouted or if your departure is delayed by more than two hours,airlines also have to provide assistance such as food.The airlines keep this quiet and getting the money out of the low-cost operators can be a hard job.Keep evidence of cancellations,all receipts,and use your mobile to video any offer to pay by airline staff.1、What is your compensation determined by when your trains are delayed due to bad weather?AThe operator.BThe price of the ticket.CThe length of delay time.DThe class of the service and the price of the ticket.2、How many choices do you have if you are to travel Aberdeen from London,and your train is cancelled?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.3、How can you save the trouble in getting g money out of the low-cost operators?ABy keeping the evidence and videoing any offer to pay.BAt the earliest opportunity,or the passengers free time.CBy preventing the airlines from keeping their duty quiet.DBy arguing reasonably with the staff of the airlines offering you the flight.24（8 分）I am a writer.I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language 一 the way it can evoke(唤起）an emotion,a visual image,a complex idea,or a simple truth.Language is the tool of my trade.And I use them allall the Englishes I grew up with.Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California,Ive been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks.Like others,I have described it to people as“broken”English.But feel embarrassed to say that.It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than“broken”，as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed,as if it lacked a certain wholeness.Ive heard other terms used，“limited English,”for example.But they seem just as bad，as if everything is limited,including peoples perceptions(认识)of the limited English speaker.I know this for a fact,because when I was growing up,my mothers“limited”English limited my perception of her.I was ashamed of her English.I believed that her English rejected the quality of what she had to say.That is because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect.And I had plenty of evidence to support me:the fact that people in department stores,at banks,and at restaurants did not take her seriously,did not give her good service,pretended not to understand her,or even acted as if they did not hear her.I started writing fiction in 1985.And for reasons I wont get into today,I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with:the English she used with me,which for lack of a better term might be described as“broken”,and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese,her internal(内在的）language，and for that I sought lo preserve the essence,but neither an English nor a Chinese structure:I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show;her intention,her feelings,the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.1、By saying“Language is the tool of my trade”,the author means that .Ashe uses English in foreign trade Bshe is fascinated by languages Cshe works as a translator Dshe is a writer by profession 2、The author used to think of her mothers English as .Aimpolite Bamusing Cimperfect Dpractical 3、Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?AAmericans do not understand broken English.BThe authors mother was not respected sometimes.CThe authors mother had positive influence on her DBroken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.4、The author gradually realizes her mothers English is .Awell structured Bin the old style Ceasy to translate Drich in meaning 5、What is the passage mainly about?AThe changes of the authors attitude to her mothers English.BThe limitation of the authors perception of her mother.CThe authors misunderstanding of“limited”English.DThe authors experiences of using broken English.25（10 分）Fitness bands like the Apple Watch and the Fitbit aim to track something like heart rate.But early models werent all that accurate.We thought of them a little bit like random number generators(生成器).They really didnt seem to be providing anything that bore any relationship to heart rate.Euan Ashley,a cardiologist(心脏病专家),studies wearables at Stanford University.He and his colleagues have now tested seven newer fitness bands,from brands like Apple,Fitbit and others and he says those heart rate statistics have gotten much better.Yeah we were pleasantly surprised actually by how good the accuracy of the heart rate monitoring was.For most of the devices,the error rate was less than 5%,which is good enough for your doctor.But where all the devices failed to measure up was estimating calories burned.Even the most accurate devices were off by 30%,compared to lab measurements of energy consumption.One device was off by more than 90%.If you think about going to the gym and working out for an hour and maybe thats around 400 calories,then in reality that could be anything from 200 to 800.And thats a big difference if youre thinking about somebody whos incorporating those estimates into their lifestyle and particular thinking about what to eat that evening based
