2021届广州市铁一中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 届广州市铁一中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Experts say that if food were a country,it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters.The reason is the rising demand for meat.Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions.While cowsare the worst contributors,pigs,sheep,donkeys and other animals play a part as well.Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged,water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed.With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050,things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources.While going vegetarian would help,meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp,permanent change.That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef,chicken,or pork with ordinary insects!Insects,which grow into adults within a matter of months,if not weeks,are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals.They also require much less room,use less water and food,and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide,scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable.Among them are ants,grasshoppers,grubs,and earthworms.Just like animals,each insect has a different taste.Tree worms taste just like pork,and grubs are similar to smoked meat.While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people,over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet.Besides being delicious,insects are high in protein,have very few calories,and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat.Insects can be prepared in many ways.Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup,make baked treats,and even fry a few with vegetables.So eat insects-both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!1.Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?A.Sheep.B.Donkeys.C.Cows.D.Pigs.2.How is the third paragraph developed?A.By making comparisons.B.By providing examples.C.By listing data.D.By asking questions.3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few people eat insects regularly.B.Ordinary insects are high in fat.C.Insects contain various vitamins.D.Saturated fat is harmful to health.B A student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province.It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact,all schools have their own rules.In most schools,boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair.And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school.And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements.They think that boy students having long hair doesnt mean that they are not good students.They want to show their own personality.They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair.So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day.When she went back to school the next day,the teacher was very angry with her.She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject.She just didnt know why the teacher didnt allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes.However,a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order.Students should not break the rules at school.4.What arent boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A.To have long hair.B.To wear uniforms.C.To like famous stars.D.To show their own personalities.5.Why did the girl make her hair brown?A.Because she wanted to be cool.B.Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C.Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.6.What does the writer think of these school rules?A.The students should be against them.B.They are bad for students.C.They can make schools in good order.D.They cant make students grow healthily.7.What is the passage mainly about?A.Hair styles and clothes.B.Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C.Students and famous stars.D.School rules.C Following the Famous Silk Roads The Silk Roads were a networkof ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to theMediterranean.A key section of the Silk Roads is the Changan-Tianshan corridor（走廊）,whichstretchesover a distance of around 5,000 kilometres through China,Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan,covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes.The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage(遗产)status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application.The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network isXian,inShanxiProvince.Further west on the Silk Roads,the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high,snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through theTianshanMountainsand emerge in the valleys ofCentral Asia.Although the Changan-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here,the network continues westwards until it reaches theMediterranean.The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century.Assigned by the emperor,the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Changan toCentral Asia,seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.Following Zhangs efforts,trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time,with the routes network reaching as far as theRoman Empire.Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk.They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods.The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable.Chinas exports included silk,porcelain,ironware and tea,while horses,jewellery,spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West.In addition to trade exchange,the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science,art,technology and many other areas in societies along the network.Astronomy and mathematics were introduced toChinafromIndiaandArabia;important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West.All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods,knowledge and ideas.These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations,which achieved a shared development.The addition of the Changan-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanitys common heritage.8.The key section of the Silk Roads is_.A.the Mediterranean B.Xian,inShanxiProvince C.KazakhstanandKyrgyzstan D.the Changan-Tianshan corridor 9.The underlined word“stretches”in Paragraph 1 is close in meaning to_.A.stands B.spreads C.moves D.flies 10.Zhang Qian travelled from Changan toCentral Asiato_.A.export silk,porcelain,ironware and tea B.purchase horses,jewellery,spices and grapes C.seek help from the most powerful western countries D.build bridges between his country and other countries 11.What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage?A.It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands.B.It was recognized by the UNESCO asChinas heritage.C.It speeded up the development of the countries involved.D.It started a trade competition between countries along the way.D In the summer of 2016,I gave a talk at a small conference in northernVirginia.I began by admitting that Id never had a social-media account;I then outlined arguments for why other peopleshould consider removing social media from their lives.The event organizers uploaded the video of my talk to YouTube.Then it was shared repeatedly on Facebook and Instagram and,eventually,viewed more than five million times.I was both pleased and annoyed by the fact that my anti-social-media talk had found such a large audience on social media.I think of this event as typical of the love-hate relationships many of us have with Facebook,Instagram,and other social-media platforms.On the one hand,weve grown cautious about the so-called attention economy,which,in the name of corporate(公司的)profits,destroys social life gradually and offends privacy.But we also benefit from social media and hesitate to break away from it completely.Not long ago,Imet a partner at a large law firm in Washington,D.C.,who told me that she keeps Instagram on her phone because she misses her kids when she travels;looking through pictures of them makes her feel better.In recent months,some of the biggest social-media companies,Facebook and Twitter,in particular,have promised various reforms.In March,Mark Zuckerberg announced a plan to move his platform toward private communication protected by end-to-end encryption(端对端加密);later that month,he put forward the establishment of a third-party group to set standards for acceptable content.All of these approaches assume that the reformation of social media will be a complex,lengthy,and gradual process.But not everyone sees it that way.Alongside these official responses,a loose collective of developers that calls itself the IndieWeb has been creating another alternative.They are developing their own social-media platforms,which they say will preserve whats good about social media while getting rid of whats bad.They hope to rebuild social media according to principles that are less corporate and more humane(人道的).12.Why did the author feel annoyed when his video was spread online?A.His video caused many arguments.B.His video was shared without his permission.C.His talk was opposed by a large amount of people.D.His videos popularity on social media is against his talk.13.Why does the author mention the story of his partner in paragraph 2?A.To prove that social media has some benefits.B.To advise people to break away from social media.C.To tell the negative effects social media may produce.D.To describe peoples complicated relationships with social media.14.What is the purpose of the reform made by some social-media companies?A.To attract more users.B.To improve network environment.C.To make more profits.D.To provide more convenientservice.15.What does the IndieWeb intend to do?A.Develop new social-media platforms.B.Remove social media from peoples lives.C.Improve the existing social-media principles.D.Help social-media companies to make reformation.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How to live a happy life?The following suggestions may be of great help to you.Keep positive._16_Optimists have a 35%less chance of having a heart attack or stroke,are more likely to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly,have stronger immune systems and even live longer.If you face a challenge or obstacle,youre more likely to see it as a temporary or even optimistic thing,allowing you to learn and grow.Start volunteering._17_It can reduce the risk of cognitive(认知的)disorder.It can even help us live longer.Even if you have a little time to offer,just the act of giving has been shown to improve your health,possibly by temporarily reducing your sense of pain.Be grateful.Counting our blessings protects us against anxiety and depression and boosts optimism.One of the best ways to make thankfulness a part of your life is to keep a journal._18_Keeping gratitude and recording your good deeds may help you live happily._19_People who are more socially connected to family,friends and community are happier.Theyre physically healthier,and they live longer than people who are less connected.High-conflict marriages,without much affection,turn out to be very bad for health,perhaps worse than getting divorced._20_ A.Eat healthily and happily.B.Strengthen social connections.C.Looking on the bright side of life is really good for you.D.You can set down some positive experiences in your diary.E.Instead,living in good relationships is beneficial to health.F.Studies show volunteering can reduce stress and depression.G.Youll have no time to volunteer and give thanks in your life.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It was a winter night and I was in a foreign country.Though I knew everything here well,I might still_21_other people to help me with_22_.I took a midnight_23_from the capital to the city where I lived.I was trying not to_24_as I would be home towards 2 am,but funnily enough I fell asleep and_25_my eyes only when the train passed the_26_where I was due to get off.The controllers told me to_27_at the next station and wait for the train to my_28_at 4 am.I got off at the station but it looked like it would be_29_to wait there alone for the next train.One of the controllers_30_there got off with me,saying he felt it was not safe to leave me there_31_.He invited me to get into his_32_because it was_33_outside.I was a bit doubtful,but I decided to_34_him.Entering the car,we started talking.I told him that I had often_35_this station,but never visited the city.So he_36_me a short ride to see Reggia,I was completely shocked,but did not feel anything_37_.Therefore,I agreed.Actually,I found it very_38_.He simply wanted me to see Reggia.He_39_me around and at about 4 am he sent me back to the station.Up to now,Ive always_40_him with deep gratitude and respect.His help with the emergency made the winter night unforgettable and full of warmth.What I could do was just passing on the kindness in my life.21.A.wish.B.enjoy C.need D.persuade 22.A.schedules B.luggage C.difficulties D.emergencies 23.A.bus B.train C.car D.plane 24.A.fall asleep B.fold in C.pass away D.wake up 25.A.closed B.opened C.hurt D.harmed 26.A.town B.hospital C.school D.station 27.A.fix up B.get off C.pull away D.turn over 28.A.village B.town C.city D.country 29.A.dangerous B.crazy C.useful D.important 30.A.living B.standing C.knowing D.helping 31.A.bitter B.calm C.alone D.delighted 32.A.room B.car C.house D.office 33.A.freezing B.cool C.wet D.warm 34.A.watch B.respect C.thank D.trust 35.A.entered B.went C.passed D.jumped 36.A.offered B.started C.gave D.paid 37.A.positive B.negative C.unforgettable D.sad 38.A.annoying B.beautiful C.disturbing D.nice 39.A.cycled B.suspected C.drove D.changed 40.A.forgotten B.visited C.reminded D.remembered 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Celebrated all around the world,festivals have a wide range of o_41._,such as the seasons of the year,religions,famous f_42._,and important events.Of all the traditional festivals,the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.This important agricultu