经济学原理问答题英文版.doc
23章6. Consider the following data on US GDP: Nominal GDP GDP DeflatorYear (in billions) (base year 1996)2000 9873 1181999 9269 113a. What was the growth rate of nominal GDP between 1999 and 2000 ?(Note:The growth rate is the percentage change from one period to the next .)b. What was the growth rate of the GDP deflator between 1999 and 2000?c. What was real GDP in 1999 measured in 1996 prices?d. What was real GDP in 2000 measured in 1996 prices?e. What was the growth rate of real GDP between 1999and 2000?f. Was the growth rate of nominal GDP higher or lower than the growth rate of real GDP ?Explain.8. One day Barry the Barber ,Inc.,collect $400 for haircuts .Over this day ,his equipment depreciates in value by $50 .Of the remaining $350 ,Barry sends $30 to the government in sales taxes ,takes home $220in wages ,and retains $100 in his business to add new equipment in the future . from the $220 that Barry takes home , he pays $70 in income taxes .Based on this information ,compute Barrys contribution to the following measure of income .a. gross domestic product b. net national product c. personal income d. disposable personal income 24章6. The New York Times cost $0.15 in 1970 and $0.75 in 2000.The average wage in manufacturing was $3.36 per hour in 1970 and $14.26 in 1999.a. By what percentage did the price of a newspaper rise?b. By what percentage did the wage rise ?c. In each year , how many minutes does a worker have to work to earn enough to buy a newspaper?d. Did workers purchasing power in terms of newspapers rise or fall?10. Suppose that a borrower and a lender agree on the nominal interest rate to be paid on the loan .Then inflation turns out to be higher than they both expected .a. Is the real interest rate on this loan higher or lower than expected ?b. Does the lender gain or lose from this unexpectedly high inflation ? Does the borrower gain or lose ?c. Inflation during the 1970s was higher than most people had expected when the dacade began .How did this affect homowners who obtained fixed-rate mortgages during the 1960s?How did affect the banks who lent the money ?25 章 FDI foreign direct investment 5.Suppose that an auto company owned entirely by German citizens opens a new factory in south Carolina .a. What sort of foreign investment would this represent ?b. What would be the effect of this investment on US GDP ? Would the effect on US GNP be larger or smaller ?26 章5. Explain the difference between saving and investment as defined by a macroeconomist. Which of the following situations represent investment ? Saving ? Explain.a. Your family takes out a mortgage and buys a new house .b. You use your $200 paycheck to buy stock in AT&T.c. Your roommate earns $100 and deposits it in her account at a bank .d. You borrow $1000from a bank to buy a car to use in your pizza delivery business.8.Suppose GDP is $8 trillion ,taxes are $1.5 trillion , private saving is $0.5 trillion ,and public saving is $0.2 trillion . Assuming this economy is closed ,calculate consumption , government purchases , national saving ,and investment .27 章3. For each of the following kinds of insurance ,give an example of behavior that can be called moral hazard and another example of behavior that can be called adverse selection .a. health insurance b. car insurance 28 章Frictional unemployment efficiency wages 6. Are the following workers more likely to experience short-term or long-term unemployment ?Explain.a. a construction worker laid off because of bad weather b. a manufacturing worker who loses her job at a plant in an isolated area c. a stagecoach-industry worker laid off because of competition from railroads d. a short-order cook who loses his job when a new restaurant opens across the street e. an expert welder with little formal education who loses her job when the company installs automatic welding machinery29 章Reserves money multiplier11. The economy of Elmendyn contains 2000 $1 bills .a. If people hold all money as currency , what is the quantity of money ?b. If people hold all money as demand deposits and banks maintain 100 percent reserves , what is the quantity of money ?c. If people hold equal amounts of currency and demand deposit and banks maintain 100 percent reserves , what is the quantity of money ?d. If people hold all money as demand deposits and banks maintain a reserve ratio of 10 percent ,what is the quantity of money ?e. If people hold equal amounts of currency and demand deposit and banks maintain a reserve ratio of 10 percent , what is the quantity of money ?30 章6. lets consider the effects of inflation in an economy composed only of two people :Bob , a bean farmer ,and Rita , a rice farmer . Bob and Rita both always consume equal amounts of rice and beans . In year 2000, the price of beans was $1 ,and the price of rice was $3.a. Suppose that in 2001 the price of beans was $2 and the price of rice was $6 . What was inflation ?Was Bob better off, worse off,or unaffected by the changes in prices ?What about Rita ?b. Now suppose that in 2001 the price of beans was $2 and the price of rice was $4 .What was inflation ?Was Bob better off ,worse off ,or unaffected by the changes in prices ?What about Rita ?c. Finally ,suppose that in 2001 the price of beans was $2 and the price of rice was $1.5 . What was inflation ?Was Bob better off , worse off, or unaffected by the changes in prices ?What about Rita ?d. What matters more to Bob and Rita the overall inflation rate or the relative price of rice and beans?7. If the tax rate is 40 percent , compute the beforetax real interest rate and the after-tax real interest rate in each of the following cases.a. The nominal interest rate is 10 percent and the inflation rate is 5 percent .b. The nominal interest rate is 6percent and the inflation rate is 2 percent.c. The nominal interest rate is 4percent and the inflation rate is 1percent .31 章Trade deficit purchasing-power parity 5. How would the following transactions affect US net capital outflow ?Also , state whether each involves direct investment or portfolio investment .a. An American cellular phone company establishes an office in the Czech Republic.b. Harrods of London sells stock to the General Electric pension fund .c. Honda expands its factory in Marysville ,Ohio .d. A Fidelity mutual fund sells its Volkswagen stock to French investor.32 章6. Suppose the French suddenly develop a strong taste for California wines. Answer the following questions in words and using a diagram .a. What happens to the demand for dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange ?b. What happens to the value of dallars in the market for foreign-currency exchange?c. What happens to the quantity of net exports?10.Over the past decade , some of Japanese saving has been used to finance American investment . That is ,the Japanese have been buying American capital assets .a. If the Japanese decided they no longer wanted to buy US assets ,what would happen in the US market for loanable funds ?In particular, what would happen to US interest rates ,US saving ,and US investment ?b. What would happen in the market for foreign-currency exchange ?In particular , what would happen to the value of the dollar and the US trade balance ?33章 这章题目没有（改版）34章1.Explain how each of the following developments would affect the supply of money , the demand for money ,and the interest rate . Illustrate your answers with diagrams.a. The Feds bond traders buy bonds in openmarket operations.b. An increase in credit card availabity reduce the cash people hold .c.The Federal Reserve reduces banksreserve requirements.d. Households decide to hold more money to use for holiday shopping .e. A wave of optimism boosts business investment and expands aggregate demand . f. An increase in oil prices shifts the short-run aggregate-supply curve to the left.3.Suppose banks install automatic teller machines on every block and ,by making cash readily available , reduce the amount of money people want to hold .a.Assume the Fed dose not change the money supply .According to the theory of liquity preference ,what happens to the interest rate ?What happens to aggregate demand ?b. If the Fed wants to stabilize aggregate demand ,how should it respond?35章Phillips curve 7.The price of oil fell sharply in 1986 and again in 1998 .a. Show the impact of such a change in both the aggregate-demand /aggregate-supply diagram and in Phillips-curve diagram .What happens to inflation and unemployment in the short run ?b. Do the effects of this event mean there is no short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment ? Why or why not ?
