80张彩色英语语法学习 闪卡海报 grammar posters.pdf
Grammar Poster Pack微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A simple sentence tells a complete thought. I like to write.All sentences begin with a capital letter and end with an end mark.SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The subject tells who or what the sentence is about.A grasshopper has six legs.What has six legs? A grasshopper.SubjectTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The predicate tells what the subject does or is.The boy won the race.What did the boy do? He won the race.PredicateTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A telling sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period.Mom is on the phone.Telling SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period.Mom is on the phone.Declarative SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An asking sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark.Do you like cats?Asking SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark.Do you like cats?Interrogative SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A command sentence makes a request or tells someone to do something. It ends with a period or an exclamation mark.Rule: The subject is always you.orPick one. Pick one now!Command SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An imperative sentence makes a request or tells someone to do something. It ends with a period or an exclamation mark.orPick one. Pick one now!Imperative SentenceRule: The subject is always you.TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An exciting sentence expresses strong feelings. It ends with an exclamation mark.I won!Exciting SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feelings. It ends with an exclamation mark.I won!Exclamatory SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A compound sentence is made up of two simple sentences that are joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction.My family went to the carnival, and we had a great time.Compound SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A coordinating conjunction joins words, phrases, or sentences together.most common and-adds one thing to another but-shows contrast or-presents an alternative so-indicates effect for nor yetfor and nor but or yet so ConjunctionsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A complex sentence contains an independent clause and a dependent clause. The two clauses are joined by a subordinating conjunction.After I got home, I did my homework.I did my homework after I got home.Complex SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A subordinating conjunction connects a dependent clause to an independent clause.as as soon as where after before whenbecause since whyas as though howalthough if unlessConjunctionsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A run-on sentence happens when two sentences are joined without punctuation or a conjunction.It is cold I put on my coat.Compound Sentence It is cold, so I put on my coat.Simple Sentences It is cold. I put on my coat.Run-on SentenceTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence. It is missing either the subject or the main verb.Likes to read.?She likes to read.subjectSentence FragmentTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or a pronoun.The mail is in the mailbox.preposition nounPrepositional PhrasesTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A preposition connects a noun or a pronoun to other words in a sentence. It shows direction, location, time, or relationship.are about aboveCommon Prepositionsat behind downfor from inacross after aroundnear of onover to under withPrepositionsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An introductory word helps to introduce a sentence. Rule: Use a comma after an introductory word to separate the introduction from the rest of the sentence. Yes, I am going to the park.Introductory Wordsfinally, first, however, in fact, next, no, therefore, well, yes TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An interjection expresses strong emotions.Rule: Use an exclamation mark or a comma to separate the interjection from the rest of the sentence.hey, hooray, no, oh, ouch, wow, yesOuch! That hurt. Ouch, that hurt. InterjectionsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word. It begins with a capital letter and ends with a period.MonthsJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.Aug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.DaysSun.Mon.Tues.Wed. Thurs.Fri.Sat.TitlesMrs.Ms.Mr.Sr.Jr.Dr.Capt.StreetsAve.Dr.Rd.St.TimesA.M.P.M.AbbreviationsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Rule: An apostrophe () replaces the letter or A contraction is a short way of writing and saying two words.ContractionsShes jumping on a trampoline.She isletters that have been left out. TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A serial comma is used to separate three or more items in a series.Mom made a delicious soup with carrots, mushrooms, broccoli, and meat. Serial CommaTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A colon is used to introduce a list or draw attention to information that follows.Rule: Use summary words like the following or these things to introduce a list following a complete sentence.Dad is grilling the following: steak, shish kabobs, and sausage.Dad likes to grill all kinds of food: steak, shish kabobs, and sausage.ColonsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Parentheses are used around words in a sentence to add information.The graph (see figure 3) will help you understand the results.figure 3ParenthesesTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Use quotation marks before and after the exact words of the speaker.Rule: The end mark goes inside the quotation marks.Andy said, “I like to paint.” I like to paint.Quotation MarksTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙girlflowerhouseThingPersonPlaceA common noun names a person, place, or thing.Common NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A common noun names a person, place, thing, or animal.girlflowercathouseThingPersonPlaceAnimalCommon NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A proper noun names a specific noun.Rule: A proper noun always begins with a capital letter.JillPersonThingPlaceHeinz KetchupLincoln Elementary SchoolProper NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A plural noun names more than one noun.Rule: Add -s to make most nouns plural.clock clocksdogdogsappleapplesPlural NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A plural noun names more than one noun.Rule: Add -es to nouns that end in s, ss, x, ch, or sh.busbuses glassglassesboxboxes watchwatchesbushbushesPlural NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A plural noun names more than one noun.babybabiescherry cherriesflyfliesRule: Change y to i and add -es to make the plural of nouns that end in a consonant and y.Plural NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A plural noun names more than one noun.leafleavesRules: If the final f sound is still heard in the plural form of the word, simply add s. If the final f sound has the sound of v in the plural form, change the f to v and add -es.giraffegiraffesPlural NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙dog dogs apple apples box boxes watch watchescherry cherries baby babiesRules: Add -s to most nouns. Add -s to nouns that end in -e.Add -es to nouns that end in s, ss, x, z, ch, or sh.Change y to i and add -es to make the plural of nouns that end in a consonant and y.Plural NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙mousemiceteethmanmenchildchildrenpersonpeopleSome irregular nouns become plural by taking on an irregular spelling.toothIrregular NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Some irregular nouns have the same singular and plural form.fishfishsheepsheeppantspantsglassesglassesscissorsscissorsIrregular NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A possessive noun shows ownership.Rule: Add an apostrophe () and -s to form the possessive of a singular noun.The girls brush is brown.Singular NounsPossessive NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A possessive noun shows ownership.The dogs bowl is full.Rule: Add an apostrophe () to form the possessive of a plural noun that ends in -s.Plural NounsPossessive NounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙diveswimrunrideAn action verb tells what the subject is doing.digAction VerbsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A linking verb doesnt show action. It links the subject to other words in the sentence.A butterfly is an insect.Linking VerbsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A helping verb helps the main verb express mood, tense, or voice.We have walked three miles already.Helping VerbsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙am is are was were be being beenLinking VerbsHelping Verbswill shalldo does didam is are was were be being beenappear become feel grow look remain seem smell soundhave has hadcan could should wouldmay might musttaste turnVerbsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The present tense tells about an action that is happening now.He sleeps. Rule: When the subject is or means he, she, or it add -s to the base form of the verb.Present TenseTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The present tense tells about an action that is happening now.He is sleeping.Rules: Use am when the subject is I. Use is for singular subjects and are for plural subjects. Add -ing to the base form of the verb.Present TenseTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The past tense tells about an action that already happened.We visited grandma last week. Rule: Add -ed to most verbs.Past TenseTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The past tense tells about an action that already happened.Rule: If the verb ends in a consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add -ed.The rabbit hopped.Past TenseTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙visit visited watch watched love loved bake bakedstop stopped hop hoppedRules: Add -ed to most verbs. Add -d to verbs that end in -e.If the verb ends in a consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add -ed.Past Tense VerbsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The future tense tells about an action that is in the future.It will rain tomorrow. Rule: Use will or shall with the base form of the verb.Future TenseTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙The verb tense tells when the action of the verb takes place.Future Tense The action will happen in the future.Present Tense The action is happening now.It rained yesterday.It is raining.It will rain tomorrow.Past Tense The action already happened.Verb TensesTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙I Past TensePresent TensewasamFuture Tensewill beSubject-Verb Agreement (verb “to be”)TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensewasisFuture Tensewill bePast TensePresent TensewereareFuture Tensewill beSubject-Verb Agreement (verb “to be”)Singular Subjects Plural Subjects we, they you - (singular subject)he, she, itTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensehadhasPast TensePresent TensehadhaveSubject-Verb Agreement (helping verbs)Singular Subjects Plural Subjects we, they he, she, ityou, I - (singular subjects)TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Singular Subjects Past TensePresent TensePlural Subjects Past TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (helping verbs)we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itdiddoesdiddoTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensewentgoesPast TensePresent TensewentgoSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)Singular Subjects Plural Subjects we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensePast TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)sawseessawseeSingular Subjects Plural Subjects we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensePast TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)saidsayssaidsaywe, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itSingular Subjects Plural Subjects TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensePast TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itcamecomescamecomeSingular Subjects Plural Subjects TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensePast TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itranrunsranrunSingular Subjects Plural Subjects TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensePast TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itsangsingssangsingSingular Subjects Plural Subjects TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙Past TensePresent TensePast TensePresent TenseSubject-Verb Agreement (irregular verbs)we, they you, I - (singular subjects) he, she, itgavegivesgavegiveSingular Subjects Plural Subjects TeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙A pronoun takes the place of a noun.Rule: A pronoun must agree with the noun it replaces.Mom said she loves me.PronounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙I he she it youPluralSingularSubject PronounsObject Pronounsme him her it you they we youSubject PronounsObject Pronounsthem us youSubject and Object PronounsTeacherJeanell2015微信公众号：高效英语启蒙
