高二模块五第三单元语法m5u3Grammar.ppt
M5u3 Grammar and usageVerb-ed formVerb-ed phrasesVerb-ing and verb-ed used as adjectivesLiu Xiang is a player _(love)by many thousands of fans.Unluckily,he got _(injure)in the game,in2012 London Olympics.The _(surprise)news got across to the world and his fans were _(disappoint)to see it，but they still wished him a happy life.lovedinjuredsurprisingdisappointed注意过去分词做注意过去分词做定语定语的位置的位置 abrokenwindowapollutedriver a lighted candle一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛一个醉鬼一个醉鬼a drunken/drunk man一、一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 1.1.前置定语前置定语归纳归纳1 1：单个的过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的时，通常放在被修饰的名词名词_。之前之前1.【2012湖南湖南】23.Time,_ correctly,is money in the bank.A.to use B.used C.using D.use2.（2011福福建建卷卷）TsinghuaUniversity,_ in 1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingB.C.foundedD.tobefoundedawoman_(穿着白色衣服的穿着白色衣服的)dressed in whiteapicture_(齐白石画的齐白石画的)painted by Qi Baishi一、一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 2.2.后后置定语置定语归纳归纳2 2：过去分词短语过去分词短语作定作定语语，通常通常放在被修放在被修饰的名词饰的名词_。之后之后The functions of verb-ed form1.attribute(定语定语)当当V-ed 在句中放在在句中放在名名词前或名词后词前或名词后修饰名词，修饰名词，功能上相当于功能上相当于adj，其作，其作用相当于用相当于定语从句定语从句We should drink boiled water.We should drink water which has been boiled.They took the injured woman to the nearby hospital at once.They took the woman who was injured to the nearby hospital at once.The name mentioned in the letter was unknown to me.The name which was mentioned in the letter was unknown to me.The firemen were trying to rescue the people trapped in the fire.The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire.2)v-ed短语放在名词短语放在名词之后，功能上相当于之后，功能上相当于adj，可用，可用逗号隔开逗号隔开，其作用相当于其作用相当于非限定非限定性定语从句性定语从句。The books,written by Lu Xun,are popular with many Chinese people.The books,which were written by Lu Xun,are popular with many Chinese people.The meeting,attended by one thousand students,was a success.The meeting,which was attended by one thousand students,was a success.3)一般来说，一般来说，及物动词形及物动词形成的过去分词是表被动意成的过去分词是表被动意义（义（passive meanings），而不及物动词的过去分词而不及物动词的过去分词是表主动意义但动作已经是表主动意义但动作已经完成（完成（active and past meanings）。the escaped criminalpastthe developed countriespasta widely used languagepassivethe retired scientistpast4)Adv./n.可放在过可放在过去分词前，构成去分词前，构成复合复合词词a so-called professora highly-respected professora well-paid job一个所谓的教授一个所谓的教授极受尊重的教授极受尊重的教授报酬颇丰的工作报酬颇丰的工作handmade furniture手工制作的家具手工制作的家具a newly-married couple一对新婚夫妇一对新婚夫妇2.v-ed用在用在系动词系动词(link-verbs)之后，之后，作作表语表语(predicative)系动词的分类：系动词的分类：“似乎类似乎类”：“感觉类感觉类”：“变成类变成类”：“仍然类仍然类”：基本形式基本形式：be(am,is,are)seem,appear,lookfeel,sound,smell,tastebecome,go,get,grow,fall,turnremain,stay,keep1.My grandfather was2.delighted to hear I passed my exams.2.Edison became interested in science when he was very young.3.The little boy looked very excited when he heard that he could go to the party.1.They were _ to hear the _ news.(delight)2.The teacher announced the _ news with an _voice.(excite)delighteddelightingexcitedexcitingV-ing 与与V-ed 作表语的区别作表语的区别归纳归纳:V-ing 表示表示“令人令人 的的”，说明，说明的是的是逻辑主语本身的特性逻辑主语本身的特性；V-ed 表示表示“人（感到）人（感到）的的”：（：（1）往往指）往往指人的心理感受人的心理感受；（2）说明的是）说明的是逻辑主语因受外界逻辑主语因受外界的影响的影响而起的变化而起的变化区别区别 3.There was a _(surprise)look on his face.surprised4.When he looked at the _ problem,he had a _(confuse)expression on his face.confusingconfused注意注意：有些动词如：有些动词如surprise，confuse，worry，embarrass，frighten等常用过去分词来等常用过去分词来修饰人的修饰人的表情，声音表情，声音等等an embarrassed look2.2.表示表示“感觉流露感觉流露”的一些过的一些过去分词去分词(如如:surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过和一些过去分去分词词(如如dressed,drunk,well-known)常用作常用作表表语语,表示状态表示状态.其中有些其中有些仅表示仅表示状态状态,毫无被毫无被动意动意味。味。Shewasverydisappointed toheartheresult.Hesquiteexperienced inteachingmath.bedressedinbeinterestedinbeworriedaboutbeabsorbedin短语积累短语积累A.The library is closed.B.The library is closed at six.C.The library is closed by the teacher.3.区别：区别：“系动词系动词+过去分词过去分词”是是系表结系表结构构还是还是被动语态被动语态？（系表结构）（系表结构）(被动语态）被动语态）(被动语态）被动语态）归纳：归纳：1.1.系表结构系表结构表示主语表示主语的的特点或所处的状态特点或所处的状态，强调强调主谓关系主谓关系，此此时时相当于一个相当于一个形容词。形容词。归纳：归纳：2.2.被动语态被动语态表示表示主语主语为动作的承受者为动作的承受者，强，强调调动宾关系动宾关系。后面常后面常跟跟byby短语短语来表示；有来表示；有具体的时间具体的时间，表示当，表示当时的动作。时的动作。1)I had my hair cut yesterday.1.在使役动词后面在使役动词后面make,get,have+宾宾+宾补（宾补（v-ed）3.Past participles used as the Object Complement (宾语补足语宾语补足语)2)The teacher spoke slowly and clearly to make himself understood.2.2.在感观动词后面做在感观动词后面做宾补宾补see,hear,feel,watch,notice,find+宾宾+宾补（宾补（v-ed）She found the door locked.1)她发现门锁上了。她发现门锁上了。2)Wesawthethief.我们看见小偷被警察抓住我们看见小偷被警察抓住了。了。caught by the policeI saw her into the classroom.(正进入教室正进入教室come）I saw her into the classroom.（进了教室进了教室come）I saw her the classroom.（被带出教室被带出教室take out of）comingcometaken out of过去分词过去分词,不定式不定式,现在分词作宾现在分词作宾补的区别补的区别:过去分词过去分词强调与宾语之强调与宾语之间的间的关系，关系，不带不带to的不定式的不定式强调动作发生的强调动作发生的，现在分词现在分词强调与宾语之强调与宾语之间的间的关系，关系，正在进正在进行行。被动被动全过程全过程主动主动1.【2012四川四川】12.Beforedrivingintothecity,you are required togetyourcar_.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towash2.（2011浙浙江江卷卷）14.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves_forwords.A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost3.【2012浙浙江江】11.“Itssucha nice place,”Mother saidasshesatatthetable_forcustomers.A.tobereservedB.B.havingreservedC.C.reservingD.D.reserved4.若若v-ed放在放在stand,sit,lie 等词后，则表示这两个等词后，则表示这两个动作是动作是同时进行。同时进行。The girl lay in bed lost in thought.The girl lay in bed and was lost in thought.The boy sat at the table buried in his homework.The boy sat at the table and was buried in his homework.
