物业管理英语培训课程.docx
物业治理英语课程PropertyManagement物业治理英语第一讲:Property ManagementProperty management is the process of overseeing the operation and maintenance of real property to achieve the objectives of the property owner. Sometimes owners manage their own property, particularly small properties and particularly when they themselves occupy part of the space. But for larger properties or those whose owners live at a distance, management is usually performed by a paid property manager, either an individual buildings on long-term leases, where tenants maintain the building, pay the taxes and insurance, and mail the owner a check each month. But most residential, office, retail, and many industrial properties offer services along with the space over time. Property management has long been an underrated function in the real estate industry. The need for professional management did not become apparent until the depression of the 1930s, when numerous foreclosures revealed a pattern of management deficiencies. This oversight might seem strange, since running a large commercial or residential project in which hundreds or thousands of people reside or work is a highly challenging task, calling for training, good judgment, variety of technical skills. Traditionally, however, emphasis in the real estate industry has been on the so permanent elements of the investment-good location, construction, and reasonable long-term financing-than on the day-to-day operation of the property. It has sometimes seemed as if a property owner, having made a very large investment in the permanent structure, assumed that the property would run itself with a minimum amount of supervision. This concept of property management has changed substantially in the past decade. In an era of rising costs, it has dawned on owners that good property management is the major controllable influence on residual cash flow (i. e., the number of dollars that end up in the owners pocket). It is true that both rent rates and operating expenses are largely shaped by market forces beyond the control of any one property owner (witness the very sharp rise in energy costs in the 1970s). But it is also true that comparable properties within the same geographic area often show significant variances in rental income and operating costs. Why? Close inspection often shows that “above-average” operating expenses and lower than average rent levels result from inadequate property management. The classic mistake of the stock and bond investor moving into real estate involves underestimating the importance of management. Some investors have the feeling that real estate manages itself. There is a story about the importance of property management. A San Francisco real estate broker recently noticed a project that was on the market for $1 million. He knew how the property had been managed in the past and that the million dollar valuation was based on a capitalization of historic income figure. He borrowed money to buy the property, renegotiated certain leases, and established more efficient operating procedures. In six months he sold the property for million based on the capitalized value of the new, higher net income. His contribution was management expertise. Useful Expressions: at a distance 在远处 along with 和,同,与一道;加之 call for 需要;要求 rather than 而不是 dawn on 开始(被人)理解,徐徐(使人)明白 end up 结束,结尾;停止 result for 由于,是的结果 be based on 基于;以为凭据 Notes: 1. Property management is the process of overseeing the operation and maintenance of real property to achieve the objectives of the property owner. 此句中,动词不定式to achieve the objectives of the property owner作目的状语。 property management物业治理 real property 房产 property owner 业主 2. or those whose owners live at a distance, management is usually performed by a paid property manager, either an individual or a management firm. 此句中,干系代词whose在定语从句中充当定语,该定语从句修饰指示代词those. Eitheror表现选择,可以连接两个并列的词、词组或独立分句。在此句中,eitheror连接的身分是a paid property manager 的同位语,作进一步的解释。 3. there are exceptionsbuildings,where tenants maintain the building on a long-term leases, pay the taxes。 此句中,干系副词where在定语从句中作所在状语,由它引导的定语从句修饰buildings. on a long-term leases意为“恒久租赁”。 4. Property management has long been an underrated function。 Long在此句中是副词,作时间状语,underrated是已往分词,作function的定语。 5. notuntil意为 “直到才”。例如: The baby did not go to bed until his mother came back home. 6. since running a large commercial or residential project in which hundreds or thousands of people reside or work is a highly challenging task。 此句中,干系代词which在定语从句中作状语,由其引导的定语从句修饰project, highly修饰challenging,意为“非常地”。 a highly challenging task 意为“非常具有挑战性的任务”。 7. as if a property owner, having made a very large investment in the permanent structure, assumed 在此句中having made a very large investment in the permanent structure作后置定语,修饰a property owner。该短语是已往分词的完成时形式,表现其行动产生在谓语动词之前。例如: The idea, having been put forward by Tim, aroused much objection among the students. 8. in the past decade在已往的十年里 9. the major controllable influence on residual cash flow剩余现金流量的主要可控制的影响因素 10. beyond the control of any one property owner任何业主都控制不了 11. “above-average” operating expense凌驾一般水平的运营开销 12. lower than average rent levels 低于一般租金的租金水准 13. Some investors have the feeling that real estate manages itself. 此句中,that引导的同位语从句修饰feeling, feeling意为 “感觉,预感”。 14. on the market (商品)上市 15. in six months 意为 “六个月后”。在有介词in引导的时间状语的句子里,其谓语时诚用未来时,例如: I will pay the bill in a week. 一个星期后我付帐。物业治理英语第二讲:Properties Requiring ManagementThe level of management a property needs increases with the level of services and with the frequency that tenants turn over. Some examples of ddifferent managerial responsibilities and problems follow, organized by type of space. To the extent that property management involves tenant relations, residential properties present the greatest challenge. The space leased by the residential tenant is “home”, where the tenant and other family members spend a substantial amount of their free time and the rent for which may represent the tenants largest single financial obligation. Consequently, the residential tenant expects a well-run property, with services and utilities available as promised at rents kept as low as possible (among other reasons, because residential rentals are not tax deductible as are business rentals). On the other side of the coin, one or two bad tenants in a project can be a continuing source of vexation to the property manager and to the other tenants. The relatively short term of a residential lease means that the property manager is under continual pressure to maintain a high renewal rate in order to avoid vacated units that must be repainted, repaired, and re-leased in as short a time as possible. A property that is theoretically fully rented may, nevertheless, lose a substantial amount of rental income if turnover is very high and more than a few weeks elapse before each new tenant moves in. Among the types of residential properties are (1) apartments, (2) condominiums and cooperatives, and (3) single-family homes. The personal relationship between manger and tenant can be crucial to maintaining high occupancy. Turnover of tenants results in higher operating expenses and lower rentals collected. Asking fair rents and responding to tenants needs (e. g., maintenance and repairs) are often the most important variables in successful apartment management. The least involved homes. The owner may have moved rental of single-family homes. The owner may have moved away for business or other reasons with the intention of returning at a later date to occupy the house or may be holding the property as an investments. In either case, the owner retains a local agent to collect rent, pay real estate taxes and debt service, and handle any problems that may arise. This type of management is frequently performed by real estate brokers, who charge a fee equal to a percentage of each months rent. Useful Expressions turn over 转变,转换,转作它用 to the (such an ) extent that到水平,如此以至于 move in 搬入(住宅);使(某人)搬进 respond to 回应,反响 be similar to 与相似 deal with 处置惩罚 argue for 赞成 hold down 压低,控制 Notes: 1. with the level of services and with the frequency that tenants turn over. 此句中,两个with引导两个陪同状语意为“随着”。例如: The air pressure varies with the height, and the water pressure, with the depth.气压随着高度变革,水压随着深度变革。 2. by type of space 依据空间种类 3. where the tenant and other family members spend a substantial amount of their free time and the rent or which may represent the tenants largest single financial obligation. 此句中,干系副词where引导一个非限定性的定语从句,修饰home一词。并且在该从句中还含有一个定语从句,由干系代词which充当介词for的宾语,其先行词是rent, 该词由定语从句for which may represent the tenants largest single financial obligation修饰。 4. a well-run property 经营得好的物业 5. with services and utilities available在此短语中available作后置定语,意为“可以得到的办事设施”。 6. as low as possible 尽可能低 7. because residential rentals are not tax deductible as are business rentals 在此句中,as 承接前面的句子,意为“像一样”,as引导的从句主谓倒装。例如: He plays football, as does his uncle. 他和他叔叔一样会踢足球。 8. on the other side of the coin 就另一方面而言 9. under continual pressure 处于不绝的压力之下 10. high occupancy 指衡宇的出租率高。出租率高,意味着物业治理好,它会给业主带来丰盛的回报。物业治理英语第三讲:Office Building ManagementThe property manager of an office building must be familiar with more complex lease provisions than those used for residential properties. For example, the office building tenant is very much aware of paying a rent rate measured by the square foot, and so the measurement of space becomes an important consideration. One frequently used measure is rentable area or rentable space. The manager must understand how to compute it. For example, are the bathrooms and hallways an added “load factor”, with the tenant paying for her individual space plus her “share” of these common areas? Does the manager measure a tenants space to the inside wall, the outside wall, or the center of the wall? In addition, escalation and cost-of-living-clauses are common in office buildings and frequently are negotiated with each individual tenant. The answers are in the leases. The property manager must be enough of a lawyer to read them, enough of an engineer to be sure the services (e. g., elevators) work as promised, enough of a marketer to sell to the tenant on the quality of the services he provides, and enough of a financial accountant to report it al to the owner. When leasing space, the property manager should bear in mind that the value of an office building is directly related to three interlocking elements: (1) the rate per square foot, (2) the quality o the tenancies, and (3) the length of the leases. The higher the rental rate, the higher the gross income. The more creditworthy the tenant, the more assured the owner may be that rents will be paid. Finally, the longer the lease term, the lower the risk of vacancies and turnover problems in the future. With longer term leases, it is more important to have appropriate escalation clauses or expense pass-through provisions, for the opportunities to increase base rent to cover increased operating costs are less frequent. In office building management, service is particularly important. The property manager is responsible for making sure the premises are kept clean and secure, that elevator run reliably, that utilities work, and that the structure looks (and is) well maintained. To many office tenants, the amount of rent is secondary to the efficient provision of these services. Todays larger buildings are getting “smarter”. They have computerized controls to handle heating and air conditioning loads to minimize energy consumption. Elevators are programmed to meet peak loads. The fire system is tied to the public-address warning system, sprinklers, and air pressure. Infrared sensors may turn lights on and off as they sense people entering and leaving rooms. Telecommunications using fiber optics can create data highways between distant locations either in concert with public telephone systems or independently. Telecommunications options are expensive and can be cost-justified only when operating management helps tenants ensure their full utilization. Useful Expressions be familiar with 熟悉 be aware of 知道,了解 bearin mind 牢记,记着 make sure 确信,包管 be secondary to 居于其次,隶属于 turn on 开(灯,电视,收音机等) in concert with 一致;(与)配合,协力 Notes 1. The property manager of an office building must be familiar with more complex lease provisions than those used for residential properties. 此句中有一个比力结构more complex lease provisions than those used for residential properties,those在此取代前文所提到的lease provisions, 已往分词短语used for residential properties修饰those, 作它的定语。 2. a rent rate measured by the square foot. 已往分词短语measured by the square foot作rate的定语,介词by用在表单位的名词之间,意为“以计量,依据”,表单位的名词前通常加定冠词the。例如: Is this cloth sold by the meter? 这块布是按米计价出售的吗? 3. an added “load factor”, with the tenant paying for her individual space plus her “share” of these common areas. An added “load factor” 意为“增加的包袱因素”。 在此句中,“with+名词+分词”是一个牢固的结构,经常作方法陪同状语。例如: The soldier headed for the village with a group of children running after him. her “share” of these common areas意为“大众面积均摊”。 4. The property manager must be enough of a lawyer to read them, enough of an engineer, enough of a marketer。 此句中四次重复enough of +名词,组成平行结构,到达强调的效果。Enough在此修饰of +名词,其后所跟的不定式短语作lawyer, engineer, marketer, accountant的定语。 5. three interlocking elements相互作用的三个因素 6. The higher the rental rate, the higher the gross income.租金越高,毛收入就越高。 此句是一个比力级结构,比力表语,但此句中省略了谓语动词is。The gross income意为“毛收入”。 此句的句型为 “the +比力级,the + 比力级”,即 “the more,the more”,意为“越,越”。例如: The more, the better.越多越好。 The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us to heat.衡宇越小,花在取暖上的开支就越少。 7. the more assured the owner may be that rents will be paid. 在此句中,assured是形容词,正常语序为 “the owner may be more assured”,其后由that引导的从句是表语从句。此句可译为:业主可能越发确信租金会予以支付。 8. for the opportunities to are less frequent. 此句中,for 作连词,意为“因为,由于”,由for连接的句子放在主句之后。例如: I caught a cold, for I had been walking around in the rain. 9. the premises are kept clean and secure. Clean and secure在此句中作主语补足语,该句可译为:保持物业区内的整洁和宁静。 10. The property manager is responsible for making sure, that elevators run reliably, that utilities work, and that the structure looks( and is) well maintained. 在此句中,making sure后归跟四个宾语从句,除第一个宾语从句以外,其余三个均由连词that引导。 11. to meet peak loads满足岑岭负荷 12. Telecommunications using fiber optics can create data highways between distant locations 分词短语using fiber optics作telecommunications的定语,意为“使用光纤电缆的电信”。Data highways意为“信息高速公路”。 物业治理英语第四讲:The Management o