仁爱版八年级英语下册Unit5Topic3重点知识点.docx

Unit 5Feeling ExcitedTopic 3 Many things can affect our feelings .重点句型。Section A1. I get so nervous when I give a speech. 只要发表演讲，我就紧急。give (sb.) a speech发表演讲相当于 make a speech【辨析】speechn. 意为“演讲，演说”。常见的短语还有：a short speech 简短发言； a welcoming speech 欢送词speech 一般是经过预备的；talk 意为“演讲非正式；讲话；交谈”，一般不经过预备的。如： Rose is preparing for a speech on Friday.罗丝正在预备星期五的演讲You”d better have a talk with her.你最好跟她谈谈。2. I feel more relaxed now because of your help. 有了你的帮助，我现在感觉轻松多了。（1） because of +代词/介词短语，“由于某人/某事物；由于”，在句中作状语。如:He walked slowly because of his bad leg . 他走得慢是由于腿有毛病。（2） because 连词,“由于”，用来连接缘由状语从句。如:I did it because he told me to. 我做这事是由于他叫我做的。3. What is Kangkangs suggestion for helping Michael?课本 P17 1b 提问 3suggestion意为：“建议，提议 ”, 为可数名词。其动词：suggest。同义词：advice, 为不行数名词。如:Id like to hear your suggestions for ways of raising money.【拓展】= Id like to hear your advice for ways of raising money.关于筹集资金的方法，我想听听你的意见。make a suggestion 意为：“提建议”。如:Can I make a suggestion? 我提个建议好吗？4. Relax and just follow the dentists advice. 放轻松，遵照牙医的建议就好。 课本 P18 3-1（1） advicen. 意为：“建议”，不行数名词。 advice 可被 some, any, no 等词修饰，不行被 an 或其他数词直接修饰。常用短语： a piece of advice 一条建议；three pieces of advice 三条建议；【拓展】give sb. some advice 给某人提些建议；follow ones advice 遵循 某人的建议;advisev. 意为：“建议” ，动词。常用构造： advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事；如:The doctor advised her to eat less and do more exercise. 医生建议她要少吃多熬炼。（2） follow one”s advice“遵照某人的建议，按某人的话去做“。此时的 follow 可用 take 替代，即 take one”s advice.如:We should follow/take our teachers” advice.我们应当听从教师们的建议。5. 简洁句的根本句型以及缩略符号的含义： 课本 P121- P122 语法局部 S 指主语；V 指谓语；P 指表语；O 指宾语；DO 指直接宾语指事或物的宾语；IO 指间接宾语指人或动物的宾语；OC 指宾语补足语宾补（1） S+V主语+谓语如：Theyarrived.（2） S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语如：Heplaysbasketball.（3） S+V+P主语+谓语+表语 或 主语+系动词+表语系表构造 如：Ifeelexcited.（4） S+V+O+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾补如： The policemanasksusto drive slowly in the busy road.（5） S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语如： Hegavemethe blue pen?（6） There be.there be 句型,意为“有”如： There are some birds singing in the tree. 有些鸟在树上唱歌重要词汇：41. have a test有考试；2. give a speech发表演讲；3. because of + 代词 /介词短语；由于，由于；4. because + 句子；由于，由于；5. make a suggestion提意见；6. go to the dentist看牙医；重点句型Section B7. in public公开地，当众地；8. a piece of advice一则建议；9. three pieces of advice三则建议；10. give sb. some advice给某人提些建议；11. follow ones advice遵循某人的建议;1. If we are not confident about ourselves, we may feel upset or nervous.假设我们自己不自信，我们可能会感到担忧或紧急。be confident about .意为“对有信念”。后跟名词或动名词。相当于 be confident of . (n. / doing)如:Ann is confident about the exam because she works hard all the time. 安对考试很有自信由于她始终努力学习。【拓展】The teacher wants the children to feel confident about asking questions when they don”t understand.教师让孩子们遇到不懂的问题就大胆提问。be confident in 意为“对某人有信念” 常用于对某人又信念，也可用作 be confident in doing sh.如： OUr teacher is confident in us.我们教师对我们有信息。2. When we are in a bad mood all the time, we could become sick. 当我们始终心情很糟糕时，我们有可能会生病。（1） in a bad mood 意为“心情很糟糕”；in a good mood 心情很好in a good health安康状况良好【拓展】（2） sickadj. 意为“生病的，有病的”sick 可作定语和表语，ill 只能做表语。如：The sick boy lies in bed.那个生病的男孩躺在床上。Judy was ill/ sick last month. 朱迪上月生病了。3. Lets do something for Michael! What about telling him that he is brave and great.让我们为迈克尔做点什么吧！ 告知他他很英勇也很优秀怎么样？（1） do something for sb.为某人做点什么；如:We should do something for the old people. 我们应当为老人做点什么。（2） What about doing sth. 意为“做某事怎么样”，与 How about doing sth. 同义。类似提建议的句型还有：Why dont you /we do sth.?Why not do sth.？Lets do sth.Wed better do sth.如:What about going for apicnic next weekend?下周末我们去野炊怎么样？4. Lets show him that we are proud of him. He was afraid to give his speech, but he did it anyway. 让我们告知他我们为他感到傲慢。他很可怕发表演讲，但是无论如何他做到了。（1） be proud of .以为傲慢， 同义词组为 take (a) pride in.如:I am proud of our great country.=It ake (a) pride in our great country. 我为我们宏大的祖国而感到傲慢。（2） be afraid to do sth.可怕做某事，可与 be afraid of doing sth. 转换。如:The little boy is afraid to touch the fire again.=The little boy is afraid of touching the fire again.那男孩再也不敢碰火了。5. Lets give Michael a surprise! 让我们给迈克尔一个惊喜吧！1 give sb. a surprise=give a surprise to sb. 给某人一个惊喜，此句中 surprise 是名词，意为“惊喜，惊异”。to ones surprise 使某人惊异的是；如: To my surprise, he arrived on time. 我惊异的是，他竟然准时赶到了。2surprised 作表语形容词，be surprised to dosth.做某事感到惊异； 如:She was surprised to find she was lost.她吃惊的觉察自己迷路了。be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊异；如:I am surprised at the news.对于这个消息，我很吃惊。3surprising 既可作表语，又可作定语。如:a surprising story 一个惊人的故事；Its very surprising. 格外惊异。6. We can put on a short play, just as we do at the English Corner. 我们可以演一部短剧，就像我们经常在英语角里做的那样。1put on 在这里意为“上演，上映，进展”。如:They are going to put on a new play.他们打算上映一部剧。put 常见的短语： put sth. away 把某物整理好；put off 推迟；put up 挂起，举起，贴广告等；put out 扑灭，熄灭；put down登记，放下等。2play 在这儿作名词，意为“戏剧， 短剧”，它还可以作动词，意为“打，踢，玩，弹”。如:play basketball 打篮球；play football 踢足球；play the piano 弹钢琴；【拓展】put on 还有“穿上，戴上”之意，反义词为take off,意为“脱下”。asconj. 意为“照方法，正如”引导方式状语从句。 如： Do as I say! 按我说的去做！ as 的用法： as 引导方式状语从句，意为“如同，像，依据”。从句置于主句之后例如：You should do as the teacher tells you.你应当依照教师所说的去做。as,引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”,多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生,从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后。例如：As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise. 当我在车站等车的时候,我听到一个很大的声响。She rose up as he entered. 当他进来时,她站了起来。 as 引导缘由状语从句，意为“由于”、“由于”, 其语气不如 because 强,通常为附加说明的理由,且是晓的缘由, 主句与从句没有规律上的因果关系。例如：As she was not well, I went there alone. 由于她身体不好,所以我单独到那里去了。 as 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然但是”, ,从句通常用倒装语序,把从句的表语、状语或动词原形放在 as 前面,可以用 though 替代。超纲例如： Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子,但他知道的东西很多。Hard as it was raining, they went on working in the field.虽然天下大雨,但他们连续在田地里干活。as 表示“像一样”,引导比较状语从句,对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较,说明它们之间有相像之处,在从句中常省略与主句一样的局部。 as.as 用来进展同级比较例如： He doesn”t work as hard as I (do). 他不像我工作那样努力。 as 的一些短语：such as 例如； as usual 像寻常一样；as well 也，还 as 作介词时，还有“以身份资格”“作为”的意思。如： As a teacher, he is strict with himself. 作为教师，他严于律己。 They use the table as a bed. 他们把这桌子当床用。7. Lets get ready for it.咱们去预备吧！【拓展】get ready for . 意为“为做预备”，后面加名词、代词或动名词。与“prepare for sth.”同义。如： You should work hard to get ready for the final exam. 你应当好好学习，为期末考做好预备。get ready to. / prepare to.“为做好预备；预备好作”，后跟动词原形。如:Ted got ready to drive to Beijing in his car by himself.特德预备好要自驾去北京。重点词组1. be confident about.对有信念；2. all the time始终；3. in a bad mood心情糟糕；4. in a good mood心情开心；5. in good health安康状况良好；6. do something for sb.为某人做点什么；8. be afraid to do sth.不敢做某事；9. be afraid of doing sth.不敢做某事；10. be afraid of (doing) sth.可怕做某事物；11. help each other相互帮助；12. to ones surprise使某人惊异的是；13. be surprised to do sth.做某事感到惊异；7. be proud of. = take (a) pride in.以为傲慢； 14.be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊异；15. put on上映，上演，穿上，戴上；16. put sth. away把某物整理好；17. put off推迟；18. put up挂起，举起，贴广告等；19. put out扑灭，熄灭；20. put down登记，放下等。21. a short play一部短剧；22. get ready for sth.= prepare for sth.为某事做预备；23. get ready to do sth.= prepare to do sth. 预备做某事；24. give sb. a surprise = give a surprise to sb.给某人一个惊喜；重点句型Section C1. I think the moon can affect my moods, especially when the full moon is high in the sky on the Mid-autumn Festival. 我觉得月亮能影响我的心情，尤其是中秋节一轮圆月高高地挂在天空的时候。especiallyadv.意为“尤其，格外地，特别地”。通常用于强调某事物，或表示该事物比其他被谈论的事物更值得一提或更重要。后面可以修饰单词或短语，也能修饰状语从句。如:We like all kinds of food, especially fish and eggs.我们喜食各种美味，尤其是鱼和鸡蛋。2. I feel lonely, and my eyes fill with tears.我感到格外孤独，眼里布满了泪水。fill.with. 意为“使布满；填满” 如：Jack filled the bowl with fish soup. 杰克把鱼汤倒入碗里。be filled with 意为“被装满，布满” 如：The air was filled with the sound of happy chieldren. 空气中布满孩子们欢快的声音。3. It is always noisy and crowed with people. 那总很吵闹，处处都是人。be crowded with.意为“挤满了，布满了“。如：The amusement park is crowded with children. 游乐园里挤满了孩子们。4. I feel nervous and I have trouble sleeping at night. 我感到很紧急，晚上很难入睡。【拓展】troublen. 意为“问题，困难，忧虑”。 have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难” 如:Did you have trouble (in) finding a job?你找工作有困难吗？【链接】类似的句型还有 have fun doing sth.做某事很好玩；have difficulty doing sth.做某事有困难如： We had fun flying kites in the parklast weekend.上周末我们在公园放风筝很好玩。作“麻烦事”讲时，trouble，matter，problem 没有太大区分。如 ：What”s your trouble? = What”s your matter? = What”s your problem?5. I hope to live in the countryside some day. 我真期望有一天能住在乡村。（1） hope to do sth. 意为“期望做某事”，后面还可以接从句，但不能说“hope sb. to do sth.”。如:We hope to win the game . 我们期望赢得竞赛。（2） live in+地方 住在某地； live with sb.和某人住在一起； live on 靠.生活;以.为食； 如:We have lived in London for ten years.我们住在伦敦十年了。I live with my parents. 我和我父母住。He lives on writing. 他以写作为生。（3） some day 有朝一日；有一天；某一 天；常用于将来时； one day 有一天，可用于过去时或将来时如:Some day I”ll be a pilot.有朝一日，我会成为一名飞行员。6. Wearing red often makes me feel active. 穿红色的衣服常使我布满活力。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事；如:My English teacher makes me do my homework.我的英语教师让我做作业。7. Big events can affect me a lot. 重大大事会严峻影响我的心情。a lot = very much 格外，是一个程度副词词组； 如:I like him a lot.= I like him very much. 我格外宠爱他。区分： a lot of = lots of很多，大量；如:I have a lot of friends .=I have lots of friends. 我有很多朋友。7. When I talk about the Wenchuan earthquake with friends, sadness and worries always come to me.当我和我朋友谈起汶川地震时，哀痛和忧虑总是进入我的脑海。come to sb. 意为“进入脑海；突然呈现；突然想出”。【拓展】如:When I read the sad novel, sadness comes to me.当我看这部悲剧小说，哀痛总是萦围着我。A good idea came to me in my bath.我在洗澡时，突然想出一个好方法。come to sb. 还有“到达；达成的含义。 如： Please come to me. 请到我这儿来。After much talk they came to an agreement. 经过屡次商谈，他们达成全都意见。重点词组1. affect ones moods影响某人心情；2. the full moon圆月；3. in the sky在天空；4. On the Mid-autumn Festival在中秋节；5. get together with sb.与某人团聚；6. fill with布满；7. change ones feeling转变某人的心情；8. be crowded with.挤满了，布满了；14. some day有朝一日；有一天；某一天；15. the sun shines brightly.阳光绚烂。16. make sb. + adj.使某人；17. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事；18. the color of nature自然的颜色19. give sb. more energy赐予某人更多能量；20. big events大大事；21. talk about谈论；9. have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难； 22.a lot = very much格外；10. hope to do sth.期望做某事；11. live in + 地方住在某地；12. live with sb.和某人住在一起；13. live on靠.生活;以.为食；重点句型SectionD23. come to sb.进入脑海；突然想出；24. loud noise吵闹的噪音；25. rock music摇滚乐；26. sad movies哀痛的电影；1. It is very important for us to be in a good mood. 保持好的心情对我们来说格外重要。1Its + adj. + for + sb.+不定式 表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词，且形容词是描述做的事情即 adj 描述的是 to do；如: Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.对于他们来说学好一门外语不简洁。2. If we are in good spirits, we can study or work better. 假设我们心情好，就能更好的学习和工作。spiritn. 用作“心境，心情”时常用复数 spirits 。in good spirits心情好 。 反义： in bad spirits 心情不好如:All the workers are working in good spirits. 全体工人都心情很好地工作【链接】相关词组还有： in high spirits 心情昂扬地，精力充分地反义： in low spirits心情低落地如:They are singing and dancing in high spirits.他们心情昂扬，又唱又跳。in a good mood 心情愉悦in a bad mood 心情糟糕in a good health 安康状况良好。如: All the workers are working in good spirits. 全体工人都心情开心地工作。3. Exercise and relax every day. 每天熬炼身体并放松。（1） exercise 在此句中是动词，意为“熬炼”。 如: She is exercising in the gym. 她正在体育馆里熬炼。exercise 作名词，意为“熬炼”时，为不行数名词。当意为“习题，练习教材，体操”时，为可数名词。如: The doctor advised him to take more exercise. 医生建议他多运动。Li Gang often does morning exercises in the morning.李刚在早晨经常做早操。There are 6 math exercises on 20. 第 20 页上有 6 道数学练习。（2） everyday与 every day 的区分： everydayadj.形容词，意思是“每天的，日常的”。 放在名词前作定语。如： I practice my everyday English with my classmates.每天我都和同学练习我的日常英语。 every day副词短语，意为“每天”。 在句中充当状语，起着副词的作用。如： Every day I get up at half past six and do some morning exercise. 我每天早上六点半起床然后进展晨练。4. Remember to eat healthy food and have a good sleep.记住要吃安康食品，睡眠充分。（1） remember to do 记得去做某事事情还没做；如:I will remember to tell her about it. 我将会记得告知她这件事。事情未做remember doing 记得曾做过某事事情已做了；如:Don”t you remember telling me the story yesterday? 莫非你不记得你昨天给我讲过这个故事了吗？（2） eat healthy food 吃安康食品；（3） have a good sleep 好好睡觉；5. Think it over before making an important decision. 在你做重要打算之前肯定要认真考虑。（1） before 在这里是介词，后面跟名词或动名词。 before 还可以做连词，引导时间状语从句，所以词句也可以表示为： Before you make an important decision, think it over.（2） think . over 意为“认真考虑，慎重考虑。”如:He would like more time to think things over. 他期望有更多的时间来把事情考虑周详。【链接】Why don”t you think it over for a while? 为什么你不多认真考虑一会儿呢？ 与 think 有管的短语： think about意为“考虑；想起，回想”如： I”ll think about it. 我会考虑的。I”m thinking about my life at college. 我正在回想大学生活 think of 意为“认为；想到。”如： What do you think of the film? 你认为这部电影怎么样？Then he thought of me.后来他想到了我。 think out 意为“彻底好好想一想，把某事考虑好；想出” 如： Who can help me think out a plan?谁能帮我想出一个打算？（3） decisionn. 意为“作出的打算，选择”，它的动词形式是decide.make a decision =decide 作出打算； make a good/bad decision 做出一个好的坏的打算。【拓展】如： Who made the decision to go on with the project? = Who decide to go on with the project?是谁打算连续这项工程的？decide to do sth.打算做某事。如: They decided to help Jeff deal with his sadness. 他们打算帮助杰夫化解悲伤。7.Get back to your everyday activities. It will give you a sense of happiness. 恢复你的日常活动，这样有助于给你欢快的感觉。（1） get back to sth. 意为“回到某事上；重返”【链接】如: Shall we get back to that question? 我们回到那个问题上来好吗？get back 意为“取回；回来”。 如： W hat time did you get back last night? 你昨晚什么时候回来的？（2） sensen.感觉，意识。如: The five senses are sight,hearing,semll,tase andtouch. 五感是视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。a sense of .“感”；a sense of happiness幸福感 ； a sense of humour 幽默感重点词组in good spirits = in a good mood心情好； remember to do 记得去做某事事情还没做； remember doing 记得曾做过某事事情已做了 eat healthy food 吃安康食品；have a good sleep 好好睡觉；keep silent保持沉默；think.over认真考虑，认真考虑；make an important decision做重要打算；make a good/bad decision做出一个好的(坏的)打算；decide to do sth. 打算做某事； everyday activities 日常的活动； a sense of.感；get sth from sb.从某人那收到；从某人那得到；a sense of happiness/duty/safety幸福感/责任感/安全感；