2022年直接引语变间接引语语法讲解.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载直接引语变间接引语语法讲解一、人称人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“称不更新 ” ；一随主,二随宾,第三人“ 一随主” 是指在直接引语变间接引语时,假如从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰；句中主语的人称变 化,如：从句中的人称要根据主She said. “ My brother wants to go with me.”She said her brother wanted to go with her. “ 二随宾” 是指直接引语变间接引语时,如从句中的主语 及宾语是其次人称,或被其次人“ 你” 所修饰,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一样 也可以用第一人称 ,如：；假如引号外的 主句没有宾语,He said to Kate,"How is your sister now." He asked Kate how her sister was then. “ 第三人称不更新” 是指直接引语变间接引语时,假如从句中的 主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化 ,如：Mr. Smith said,“ Jack is a good worker.”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. 二、时态直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整 ；其名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载基本法就和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态变化一样,也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一样；假如从句是过去时, 主句要向后退一格时态,变成一种过去时；1. She said. “ I have lost a pen.”pen. （现在完成 à 过去完成 ）She said she had lost a 2. She said. “ We hope so.”She said they hoped so. 一般现在 à 一般过去 3. She said,“ He will go to see his friend；”She said he would go to see his friend. 一般将来过去将来 但要留意在以下几种情形下；在直接引语变为间接引 语时, 时态一般不变化 ；直接引语是 客观真理 ；如：“ The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth” , the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth；直接引语是 过去进行时,时态不变 ；如：Jack said, “ John, where were you going when I met you in the street.”Jack asked John where he was going when he met him 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载in the street. 直接引语中有详细的 过去某年、 某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时, 时态不变 ；如：Xiao Wang said,“ I was born on April 20, 1980.”Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 直接引语假如是 一般现在时 ；表示一种 反复显现或 习惯性的动作 ,变间接引语, 时态不变 ；如：He said, “ I get up at six every morning.”He said he gets up at six every morning. 假如直接引语中的 情态动词没有过去时的形式 （例：ought to,had better,used to和已经是 过去时的形式时 ,（例：could, should, would, might）不再变 ；如：Peter said,“ You had better come have today.”Peter said I had better go there that day. 三、其它 直接引语变间接引语, 具有指代性的词 也需要变化, 一些 详细变化 如下：指示代词this -that these - those 表示时间的词now - then today - that day this weekmonth - that week month yesterday - the day before 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载last weekmonth - the weekmonth before three days ago - three days before tomorrow - the next day next week -the next week 表地点的词here - there come - go 动词bring - take 四、句型：直接引语假如是 陈述句 ,间接引语应改为由 that 引导 的宾语从句 ；如：She said, “ Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 假如是 一般疑问句 ,间接引语应改为由 whether 或 if 如：引导的宾语 从句. （宾语从句必需用陈述句语序）He said, “ Can you swim, John.”could swim. He asked John if he “ You have finished the homework, havent you.”my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. “ Do you go to school by bus or by bike.” He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 假如是 特别疑问句, 间接引语应当改为由疑问词引导的名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载宾语从句 （宾语从句必需用陈述句语序） ；She asked me, “ When do they have their dinner.” She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引语假如是祈使句 ,间接引语应改为“ tellask, order, beg等sb.not to do sth.” 句型；如：“ Dont make any noise,”she said to the children. She told ordered the children not to make any noise. “ Bring me a cup of tea, please,”said she. She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 直接引语假如是以 “ Lets” 开头的祈使句 ,变为间接引语时,通常用 “ suggest +动名词（或从 句）；” 如：He said, “Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film. He suggested that they should go to see the film. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页