2022年考研_英语词汇词根词缀大全完全版.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 考研英语英语词汇词根词缀大全 .常见的后缀1. 常见的名词后缀 1 表示“ 人和物”-an American historian -ian Italian Canadian politician -ant assistant accountant participant -ent student president resident -ee employee trainee attendee -er writer speaker waiter -or actor conductor sailor -ess waitress hostess actress -ist socialist novelist scientist 2 表示“ 性质、状态、动作、行为” 的抽象名词-ability suitability probability -ibility possibility responsibility -age marriage shortage carriage -al arrival refusal revival survival -ance acceptance importance distance ignorance -ence dependence existence difference conference -dom freedom wisdom seldom -ery slavery bravery discovery robbery -hood childhood adulthood neighborhood -ion election construction conduction -ition composition competition -ation modernization civilization alteration -ism pessimism optimism socialism -ment movement government encouragement - 276 - -ness kindness carelessness -ship friendship leadership relationship -ure exposure failure measure leisure 2. 常见的动词后缀 表示“ 使 成为 ”“ 使 化”-ate circulate decorate regulate alternate -en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten -ify classify simplify specify qualify certify -ize realize organize criticize recognize -ish Astonish cherish establish finish punish polish vanish accomplish abolish 3. 常见的形容词后缀 1 表示“ 具有 性质的”-al national cultural natural -an American republican -ian Italian Canadian Christian -ant pleasant resistant distant constant -ent different confident excellent -ary necessary imaginary customary 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - -ory compulsory contradictory -ate considerate fortunate -ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese -ic heroic poetic economic -some troublesome handsome quarrelsome 2 表示“ 布满或缺乏”-free duty-free carefree worry-free -ful hopeful useful wonderful helpful -less hopeless useless needless -ious dangerous various anxious serious -y rainy dirty hairy 3 表示“ 类似”- 277 - -ish childish stylish greenish -like childlike businesslike -ly brotherly friendly deadly 4 表示“ 主、被动” 意义-able comfortable capable portable disable -ible responsible sensible visible -ive negative positive passive decisive 5 表示“ 方向”-ward downward backward forward westward upward 4. 常见的副词后缀-ly successfully strongly quickly angrily slowly -wards downwards eastwards -wise clockwise likewise otherwise .常见的前缀1. 表示“ 否定或逆转”de- defeat defend define deform dis- disappear disagree disorder disgust in- incorrect inactive incapable inaccurate il- illegal illogical illiberal im- impossible immature imperfect impatient ir- irregular irrelevant irresponsible mis- misuse mislead misunderstanding non- non-stop nonsense non-violence un- unhappy unlucky unpleasant 2. 表示“ 时间次序”ex- ex-president ex-wife ex-husband fore- foretell forehead foresee forecast mid- middle midfield midnight midterm - 278 - post- post-war postgraduate postpone pre- prepare prepay premature predict re- recall repair rebuild rewrite 3. 表示“ 方向或位置”ex- export exclude expel exert 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - in- invade include indicate indoor infect im- import immigrate imitate impact impair inter- international interactive interchange sub- subway subsequent subtitle tele- telephone telescope telecommunication trans- transparent transport transplant translate 4. 表示“ 程度、大小或差别”macro- macroeconomics micro- microscope Microsoft micro-oven mini- minibus miniskirt minimum over- overwork overuse overhear super- supermarket superpower superb superstar under- underdeveloped underestimate underline undermine vice- vice-president vice-principal 5. 表示“ 数量”bi- bicycle bimonthly bilingual bilateral kilo- kilometer kilogram kilohertz kilowatt mono- monolingual monologue monopoly multi- multiple multifunctional multinational semi- semifinal semiconductor semiconscious tri- triangle tricycle triple trilateral uni- unicycle unique universal uniform 6. 变换词类的前缀 be- befriend belittle behead - 279 - en- enable endanger enjoy enlarge endear enrich ensure em- embrace employ embitter embody embezzle .常见的词根audi=hear audience auditorium audible audition cedcess=go Precede proceed process successor successive recede exceed excess cept=take except exception exceptional accept acceptance acceptable intercept reception deception concept conception receptive circle encircle semicircle circular circulate circulation circumstance cludclus=close,shut exclude exclusive include inclusive conclude conclusion elude decide, decisive, decision cord=heart record recorder concord concordant accord accordant discord cred=believe, trust credit credible discredit incredible credulous incredulous curcurs, cour=run occur occurrence current currency course recur recurrent dictdic=say contradict dictate predict prediction indicate indication dictionary ducduct=lead educate introduce introduction conduct product reduce reduction deduce fer=bring, carry conference confer differ different offer prefer preferable transfer defer fus=pour refuse refusal confuse confusion transfuse transfusion ject=throw project inject reject rejection subject subjective object objective eject 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - log=speak dialogue dialog apology apologize monologue logic medi=middle Immediate immediately medium multimedia intermediate medieval memor=memory memory memorize memo memorable memorial commemorate remember mini=small, little minimum minimize diminish minus minor miniskirt minority missmit=send missile dismiss emit promise compromise commit submit - 280 - mot=move motion motive motivate promote promotion demote remote pel=push, drive propel expel repel repulsion repulsive compel impel pendpens=hang depend dependent independent suspend suspension port=carry portable import export transport transportation support supportive pos=put expose compose composition composer propose proposal oppose opposite dispose disposal pose position purpose deposit rupt=break rupture interrupt interruption disrupt bankrupt corrupt erupt eruption sentsens=feel sense sensation sentimental consent consensus resent sensible sensitive nonsense assent sentence sist=stand resist resistant consist consistent assist assistant exist existent insist insistent persist persistent spectspec=look spectacle prospect inspect expect respect suspect suspicious spectator special specify specific speculate tainten, tin=hold contain obtain sustain maintain continue continual continuous attain mountain fountain Britain curtain certain tendtens, tent=stretch extend extension extensive extended family extent reading attend attendant attention attentive content contest contestant participant tend tent tension tense pretend intend intensive reading tract=draw tractor attract attractive contract abstract concrete extract subtract distract distraction distracted distracting ven=come invent invention prevent prevention conventional event eventual vertvers=turn advertise anniversary divert diverse diversify diversity revert reverse introvert extrovert convert versatile controversial invert avert visvid=see vision visible visit advise advisable revise supervise visa evident evidence provide video 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页