2022年高中英语情态动词导学案.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语情态动词导学案English Leaning Paper of Grade Two Module1 Grammar Period four : the modal auxiliary Date of Lesson Preparation:. Date of Teaching: Knowledge and skills To master the grammar and get more information Process and Methods Question-and-answer activity and task-based method can help the Ss to go through with the grammar Emotion and Values To master the usage of the modal auxilidary Important and Difficult Points How to use the modal auxiliary Knowledge Links To review and remember the modal auxiliary learned before Learning Guidance Do some related exercises and cooperate with partners. Learning procedure: To study main points and master the usage .can, could,be able to 译为 “能、可能 ” 1 表示才能Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldn use the computer last year. I ll not be able to come this afternoon. He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 总结：表示现在的才能用,表示过去的才能用；.当表示 “ 经过努力才得以做成功某事” 时应用,不能用 can；表示 “将来能 ”用2 表示恳求和答应；-Can I go now. - Yes, you can.（ No, you can . ）- Could I come to see you tomorrow. - Yes, you can. No, Im afraid not. 总结： could 不是 can 的过去式,只是语气,在答语中用 代替；3 表示估计（惊奇、怀疑、不信任的态度）,用于 和 句中；Can that be Mike. I thought he was in Greece. This can be done by him. How can this be true. I thought the story could not be true. 留意： can 有时用语确定句中译为“ 有时候会 ” ,表示大部分时间不是这样,只是有时发生的事情；It can be very cold in this part. 4 could have done 用在句中可以表示原来能做某事但没做,can/could have done 用在和句子中表示对过去情形的估计；I saw Mr.Zhang just now. He couldn t have gone to Beijing. t have lef t so soon. You could have done better, but you didnt try your best. You can 5 常用句式总结 can +否定词 +too/enough 表示You can t be too careful.你越当心越好You can remember enough English words. 你记越多的英语单词越好； cant but do sth表示I cant but admire your bravery. 我不得不佩服你的士气 I could not but choose to go. .may, might 译为 “ 或许 ”1 表示恳求和答应；-Might/ May I smoke in this room. - No, you mustnt. 或t / mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room. - Yes, you may. No, you can总结： might 比 may 语气,而不是过去式；否定回答时可用,表示 “不行以,禁止 ”；注第 1 页 共 6 页成功和眼泪！这就是人生！名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语情态动词导学案意：用 May I. ？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I.？在口语中更常见；2）用于祈使句,表示希望；May you succeed. 祝你成功祝你欢乐！3 表示估计、可能性；He may /might be very busy now. Your mother may /might not know the truth. 总结： 表示估计用于 和 句中, 疑问句用 代替； might 不是过去式, 它所表示的可能性比；may 4）may/ might have done 可能做了某事 推测 He may/might have gone home. 留意 You might have told me earlier. 你本可以早点告知我实际没有告知 might have done 表示 “ 过去本可以做某事而没有做；5 常用句式总结不妨,倒不如 You may as well ask him. You might as well stay with us. 很可能 He may well be proud of his son. We might well get injured. .must 译为 “ 必需 ” , have to译为 “ 不得不 ”1 表示必需、必要You must come here on time. I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital. - Must we hand in our exercise books today. - Yes, you must. （ No, you dont have to / you needn）t.总结：表示义务即必需时 must 强调主观,而 have to 强调 需要； must 只有一般现在时,have to 有更多的时态形式；在回答引出的问句时,假如是否定的,不能用 mustnt（）,而用 neednt, don t have to（不必） . 3 表示估计、可能,只能用于 句中；其中 must have done 表示Youre Tom s good fr iend, so you must know what he likes best. Your mother must be waiting for you now. I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 4 表示 “偏偏 ”表示很不巧,通常都是令人不开心的事；翻译句子： We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold. .need 译为 “ 需要 ”1）You needn come so early. - Need I finish the work today. - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 总结： need 作情态动词用时, 常用于和句中；2）needn t have done 表示Tom needn t have done it yesterday. 留意 need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化；The house needs to be painted. Students need to finish their homework today. .shall 1 shall 用于第一、三人称疑问句,表示说话人：；What shall we do this evening. What shall he do next. 2 shall 用于其次、三人称,表示说话人给对方的；You shall fail if you dont work hard. He shall have the book when I finish it. He shall be punished. .should, ought to 译为 “应当 ”1 表示劝说、建议；should, ought to 可通用,但在疑问句中常用should；翻译句子： You should / ought to go to class right away. 2. Should I open the window. 2 表示估计 通常指有事实依据,常理推断It s nearly seven oought to/should be home by now. 3）should 表示惊奇、遗憾有时与 why/who/how 等疑问词连用译成“ 竟然、竟然 ”翻译句子： why should you think so. 4 should/ought to have done 表示 否定形式表示You should/ought to have paid more attention to your lessons. Tom shouldn 第 2 页 共 6 页成功和眼泪！这就是人生！t/ought not to have told me secret. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语情态动词导学案.will, would 译为 “情愿、要 ”1 表示恳求、建议等,would 更委婉；Will / Would you pass me the ball, please. 2 表示意志、愿望和决心；I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad. 3 区分 would 和 used to During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. She would play here. When we were children, we would/ used to go skating every winter. He used to like you. He used to be a quiet boy. I used to get up early.（过去起早,现在可能不起早了）总结：当表示过去习惯性的动作时,二者；used to 可以与状态动词连用,表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向；如强调过去与现在的对比,用；4 will 常用与第三人称表示习惯性动作；Fish will die out of water. 5would like/love have done 本准备做 sth 但做了别的事情；I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. .dare 译为 “ 敢”1）She daren even look out. Dare you go school by yourself. 总结：dare 作情态动词用时, 常用于和句中； dare 的特别句式 “ 我想、我猜 ”I dare say he will come. 巩固训练一、基础题（ level A ）1 总结：推测 : must, may, might, can, could 用于确定句 ,特别确定的推测是；用于确定句 ,表示可能的推测是用于否定 /疑问句 ,过去时用 could 的是；表示推测 “应当 ” 的是2 翻译以下情态动词的否定形式mustn t；needn t =dont have to can t；may not shouldn （=ought not to ）3 总结：情态动词+ have done ；本应当做而没做本不该某事而做了本可以做而没做；不必做的做了可能做了某事 推测 ；肯定做了 推测 肯定没有做 推测 达标训练 二、强化题（ level B ） 1. -May I sit beside you, sir. - No, you _. My girlfriend is coming soon. A. can t B. mustnt C. needn t D. shouldnt t in.t 2.- _ I speak to Mary, please. -Sorry, she_ come to the phone because she isnA. Might; wont B. Can t; mustnC. May; cant D. Couldnt; shouldn 3. - I want to know if I _ smoke here. 第 3 页 共 6 页成功和眼泪！这就是人生！名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语情态动词导学案- No, you_ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there.A. can; neednt B. must; canC. shall; wont D. may; mustnt 4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _ look it up. A. must B. should C. would D. has to 5. - _ you pass me the English magazine, please. - Sure. Here you are. A. Could B. Need C. Must D. Might 三、提升题（ level C） 1. A computer _think for itself, it must be told what to do. A. can t B. couldnt C. may not D. might not 2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 3.-Where is my uncle, Mary. -He _ in the bedroom. A. must have been B. must be C. may have been D. should have been 4.Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isn sure yet. t very A. must B. may C. can D. will 5. -That must be a mistake. -No, it _ a mistake. t have spoken二批A. must not be B. needn t be C. can not be D. would not be 6. Its nearly 7 oclock. Dad _ come home soon.A. can B. could C. would D. should 7.- Are you coming to Jeffs party.-I m not sure. I _ go to the concert tonight. A. must B. would C. should D. might 8.I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She _ at the meeting.A. mustnt have spoken B. shouldnt have spoken C. neednt have spoken 9.Johnny, you_ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. 一批A. won t; canB. mustnt; may C. shouldnt, must D. can t; shouldnt 10.I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been 四、实战演练（level D ） 1. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _ be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. could 2. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months. A. can B. could C. may D. be able to 3. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people. A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to 4. Could I borrow your dictionary. Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 5. Might I watch TV after supper. Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. can Reflection: 第 4 页 共 6 页成功和眼泪！这就是人生！名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语情态动词导学案1 表示才能 总结：表示现在的才能用 can ,表示过去的才能用 could.当表示 “ 经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用 was able to ,不能用 can；表示 “ 将来能 ” 用 will be able to ；2 表示恳求和答应；总结： could 不是 can 的过去式,只是语气 更委婉,在答语中用 can 代替；3 表示估计（惊奇、怀疑、不信任的态度）,用于疑问句 和否定句句中；4 can/could have done 用 在 肯 定 句子中表示对过去情形的估计；5 常用句式总结句 中 可 以 表 示 本 来 能 做 某 事 但 没 做 , 用 在 疑 问 和 否 定 can +否定词 +too/enough 表示越 越好、再怎么也不过分 cant but do sth表示 不得不1 表示恳求和答应；总结： might 比 may 语气更委婉,而不是过去式；否定回答时可用 mustn t 或 can t ,表示 “不行以,禁止 ” ；留意：用 May I. ？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用 Can I.？在口语中更常见；2）用于祈使句,表示希望；May you succeed. 祝你成功 祝你欢乐！May you be happy. 3 表示估计、可能性；总结：表示估计用于确定句和否定句句中,疑问句用can 代替； might 不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may 小；不妨,倒不如 may as well You may as well ask him. You might as well stay with us. 很可能 may well He may well be proud of his son. We might well get injured. 1 表示必需、必要总结：表示义务即必需时 must 强调主观,而 have to 强调客观需要； must 只有一般现在时,have to 有更多的时态形式；在回答引出的问句时,假如是否定的,不能用 mustnt不准、禁止,而用 neednt, don t have to必） . 3 表示估计、可能,只能用于确定句中；其中must have done 表示可能肯定做过某事4 表示 “偏偏 ”表示很不巧,通常都是令人不开心的事；翻译句子： We were ready to leave, but the baby must catch cold. .need 译为 “ 需要 ”我们正预备离开,但孩子偏偏感冒了1）You needn come so early. - Need I finish the work today. - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 总结： need 作情态动词用时, 常用于否定 和 疑问句中；2）needn t have done 表示本不必做某事但做了Tom needn t have done it yesterday. 1 shall 用于第一、三人称疑问句,表示说话人：征求对方的看法；2 shall 用于其次、三人称,表示说话人给对方的承诺、威逼、命令、警告；.should, ought to 译为 “应当 ”翻译句子： You should / ought to go to class right away. 你应当立刻去上学了2. Should I open the window. 我可以打开窗户翻译句子： why should you think so. 你为何这样想呢4 should/ought to have done 表示 过去本应当做某事而没做 否定形式表示过去不该做某事却做了总结：当表示过去习惯性的动作时,二者皆可；used to 可以与状态动词连用,would 表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向；如强调过去与现在的对比,用 used to； .dare 译为 “ 敢” 1）She daren even look out. Dare you go school by yourself. 总结： dare 作情态动词用时 , 常用于 否定和疑问句中；dare 的特别句式 “ 我想、我猜 ” I dare say I dare say he will come. 巩固训练用于确定句 ,特别确定的推测是 must；用于确定句 ,表示可能的推测是 may 用于否定 /疑问句 ,过去时用 could 的是can；表示推测 “ 应当 ” 的是 should2 翻译以下情态动词的否定形式 mustn t禁止、不准；needn t =dont have to 必要、没必要 cant不行能；may not 可能不、或许不；shouldn （=ought not to ）不应当3 总结：情态动词 + have done 本应当做而没做 should/ought to have done；本不应当做而做了 shouldn t/ought not to have done 第 5 页 共 6 页成功和眼泪！这就是人生！名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语情态动词导学案本可以做而没做 could have done；不必做的做了 needn t have done 可能做了某事 推测 may/might have done ；肯定做了 推测 must have done 肯定没有做 推测 can t have done Period4:强化题： 1A2C3D4D5A 提升题： 1A2D3B4B5C6D7D8D9B10B 第 6 页 共 6 页成功和眼泪！这就是人生！实战题 1C2D3A4C5A 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页