2022年高考状语从句考点复习要点.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高 考 状 语 从 句 考 点 复习 一 状语从句高考的考查特点 1. 试题的设问出现出交叉和综合的特点 不同性质的连词 ; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰 2. 题干句的情形化增强 ,句意懂得难度提高 二才能要求：1.明白状语从句的分类情形及各种状语从句中常常使用的连词2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的规律关系 交际 . ,从而能够使用恰当的连词完成3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的用法区分 .三 状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、缘由、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等 状语从句；从句的位置放在句首,也可放在句末；放在句首时,从句后面常用一个逗号,放在 句末时,从句前一般不用逗号； 常见考点：考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题；考点二、连接词的挑选（留意区分几组连接词：while / as / when 引导时间状语从 句； because / since / as / for引导缘由状语从句； if / unless 引导条件状语从句； that 引导结果状语从句等）；so that / such 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换；考点四、状语从句的倒装结构（hardly / scarcely when；no sooner than等）考点五、依据从句与主句的规律关系选用从属连词；四、 分类：状语从句按其作用可分为九类；2.依据从属连词的词义；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1时间状语从句 常见的从属连词有： 留意其汉语意义 when, while, as, before, after, since, until till once as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, each/every time, the first time, the last time, next time, by the time, whenever 等；例如：Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to my help. I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.留意：（ 1）when, while, as 的区分：1when 引导从句时,主从句的动作有先有后,也可以同时进行 连续性的,也可以是短暂的；如：,从句的动作可以是When I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off. （主先从后）（短暂性）When I lived there, I used to go to the seaside on Sundays. 同时 （连续性）When the movie ended, the people went back. （从先主后）2while 侧重主从句动作的对比,且从句的动词必需是连续性的；如：While we were chatting she was looking at the time table on the wall3as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行,从句的动作可以是连续性 的,也可以是短暂的；如：Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast4）when 和 while 仍可以是并列连词,意分别为“就在这时 ”,“然而”；eg. I was having a rest on the sofa when the telephone rangThey were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they couldnt .注：并列连词 when 常用与以下句型中： was/were doing when（正在做 突然） was/were about to do when（刚要做 突然） was/were on the point of doing done when .刚一就 when 刚要做 突然 had just Hardly/Scarcely had done when 刚一 就2before 引导从句时 ,词义特别敏捷,留意以下句子中的before 的词义：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - .Before I could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.仍没来得及就 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.仍没就 .We had sailed 4 days before we sawland. 才.Please write it down before you forget it.趁仍 没就3till until 和 not till untiltill until: 主句谓语动词必需是连续性的,意思是 till/until she arrived.“到为止 “如： He remained there not till until主句谓语动词必需是短暂性的,意思是“直到才”如： She wont go to bed till/until he returns home.not until仍有强调式和倒装式：强调句： It is not until he returns home that she will go to bed. 倒装句： Not until he returns home will she go to bed.4 几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：It was +时间点 +when（当的时候时间是）It was 5 am when we arrived at the village.It was/will be+时间段 +before 没过就过了 才 It was/will be two weeks before we met/meet again.It is /has been +时间段 +since （自从 以来有 ）It is/has been 3 years since we last met.突破点：一看 be 动词的时态,二看时间段仍是时间点；留意：在 “ It is /has been + 时间段 +since ”句型中,从句的动词必需是短暂性的,如 果是连续性的动词,时间要从从句的动作终止时算起；如： It is 3 years since I smoked. 我戒烟有三年了 2条件状语从句 常见的从属连词有： if, unless, as/so long as , as/so far as, on condition that , in case 万 一 , the more , the more 等；如：As/So far as I can see am concerned, it will be impossible for them to finish the task. The more books you read, the happier you will feel前面为从句名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3缘由状语从句 常见的从属连词有： because, since, now that , as等；留意 because, since, as的区分：） why 的语气最强,它引导的从句比主句更重要,从句的位置可前可后；例外回 答 why 的问句必需使用 because；如：-Why were you absent from the meeting yesterday.-Because I was ill.2since 和 now that 意为“既然 ”,语气仅次于 because,从句的位置一般在前面； Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting3as的语气比 since更弱,意思是 “由于 ”,从句的位置可前可后；如：As you didnt turn up at yesterday-together, we missed you very much） *for 也有 “由于”之意,但 for 是并列连词常用来来补充说明缘由或用来表示推 断的依据,前面常带逗号；如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet4让步状语从句 常见的从属连词有： though, although, as, even if / though, no matter wh- , wh-ever, whether or 如： However late/No matter how late he is, his family will wait for him to have dinner together.Child as he is, he knows a lot. as引导的让步状语从句必需倒装 Whether it is fine or not, I will go boating5地点状语从句 常见的从属连词有： *where, wherever 等； 如： Put the book where it is6比较状语从句常见的从属连词有： *as as, *not so as as, *than留意： 1 在表达倍数时,可用三种句型：1A倍数比较级 than B 如：This building is twice taller than that one2A倍数 as原级 asB 如：This building is three times as tall as that one3A倍数 the sizeheight, weight, length etc of B 如： This building is three times the size of that one名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2 三种句型变式： 倍数 more名词 than 倍数 as many/much 名词 as Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe. 7方式状语从句 常见的从属连词有： as , as if / though 等留意： as if / though 引导的从句常用虚拟语气,表示非真实情形He talks about the moon as if he had been there从句动作先发生 She treated the boy as if he were/was her own child主从句动作同时发生 8目的状语从句 常见的从属连词有： so that, that, in order that ,in case 以免,for fear that ,lest（以免）等；如： Most students go to college so that they can be engineers, teachers or chemists留意：从句中的情态动词can, could, may, might等提示为目的状语从句9结果状语从句 常见的从属连词有： so that, such that , so that 等；如：He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family. It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.Tom studied very hard so that he passed the exam.五、用法敏捷的 as, when, while 引导的状语从句1. as可以引导时间、缘由、让步、比较和方式等 5 种状语从句；2. when 可以引导时间、条件和缘由等 3 种状语从句；How can we explain it to you when=if you won't listen.It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in 5 minutes3. while 可以引导时间、让步、条件和缘由等4 种状语从句；t like its shape.While=Though I like the color of the hat, I donWhile=As long as there is life there is hope.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - -I m going to the post office. While=Since you are there, can you get me some stamps. 六、状语从句的省略 当时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句的主语与主句 一样或为 it 或 there 且谓语动词含 be 动词时,从句中的主语和谓语可以一起省 去；如：Dont speak until spoken to. 省略了 you areI have no money. If any, I will lend you some. 省略了 there is Though cold, he still wore a shirt. 省略了 it was Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep. 省略了 they were七、状语从句与定语从句的转换1Make marks where you have questions地点状语从句Make marks at the places where you have questions定语从句2It is such an advanced theory that few people understand it.结果状语从句It is such an advanced theory as few people understand定语从句 巩固练习1 _, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 2007重庆 A. Strange as might it sound B. B.As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 2. _ tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao.2007 上海春 A. However the weather is like B. However is the weather like C. Whatever is the weather like D. Whatever the weather is like名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. _, he talks a lot about his favourite singers after class. 2005重庆 A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student 4. _ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.2006全国 1 A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although 5. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.2004上 海春A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 6 -I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident.-_ , lets go and see him.A. What s more B. If so C. Where possible D. When necessary 7 A beam of light will not bend round unless_ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.A. having been made B. being made C. made D. you make 8 Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent patients do not take drugs _ directed.A.like B. so C. which D. as 答案： DDBDCBCD名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 条件状语从句条件状语从句常见连词：if 表示正面条件 “假如”,unless表示反面条件, “假如不”,仍有一组意思特别相近的连词：provided,suppose,as long as,incase,on condition that ,表示 “只要,假如,假使,在 条件下 ”等意思；条件状语从句一般考查三点：1 在条件状语从句中常用一般时表示将要发生的动作； 如 2004 吉林 27 题 2if,unless,incase是考查重点； 3when 仍可表条件,这 一点不行忽视；意思是：既然,考虑到；如：How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television？他们把全部闲暇的时间都用来看电视了,仍能学到什么东西呢？2004-2006 年各省市高考共考查八次：1._you call me to say you're not coming,I'll see you at the theatre.2004 吉林 27 A.Though B.Whether C.Until D.Unless 2.-What would you do if it _ tomorrow ？-We have to carry it on,since we've got everything ready.2005全国 I9 A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining 3.You must keep on working in the evening_you are sure you can finish the task in time.2005 安徽 22 A.as B.if C.when D.unless 4._you've tried it,you can't imagine how pleasant it is.2006北京 33 A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When 5.In time of serious accidents,_we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.2006重庆 23 A.whether B.until C.if D.unless 6.We won't keep winning games_we keep playing well.2006浙江 2 A.because B.unless C.when D.while 7._environmental damages is done,it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.2006 江苏 31名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A.Even if B.If only C.While D.Once8.How can you expect to learn anything_you never listen？2006 山东 31A.in case B.even if C.unless D.when 让步状语从句让步状语从句的连词有：although “尽管 ”,even though “即使 ”,no matter howwhat ,when,which,who,where,howeverwhatever,whenever,whichever,whoever,wherever “无论”,as“尽管 ”；留意： 1.although 与 though 可互换,都可以与 yet,still 或 nevertheless 连用,但不 能和 but 连用； 2.Asthough 从句放在主句之首,须用倒装语序；3However 引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词；语从句,这一点特简单被考生忽视；此点考查频率最高； 4.While 也可引导让步状 但 2004 江苏 23 题却涉及这一考点5.Whatever 修饰名词, “无论什么 ”,however 修饰形容词、副词, “无论多么,无 论怎么 ”；6.even ifeven though即使与 as ifas though似乎这两组同学简单混淆,也是出题者关注的对象,平常要记准含义；2005 湖南 23让步状语从句详讲一、 whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however 等引导的让步状 语从句；这类词引导的让步状语从句可以和no matter what/who/where/when/how等引导的让步状语从句换用,意为“无论 ,都 ”；解这一类题目时,要留意连词在让步状语从句中所作的句子成分,另外,仍要留意从句的语序；例如：1. _tomorrow,our ship will set sail for Macao. （2007 上海春）A. However the weather is like B. However is the weather like C. Whatever is the weather like D. Whatever the weather is like2. This is a very interesting book. Ill buy it _. A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost 3. The old tower must be saved, _the cost.（2005 浙江） A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 4. He tried his best to solve the problem, _difficult it was.（2005 天津）A. however B. no matter C. whateverD. although5._, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.（2004 上海春） A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing6. You should try to get a good nights sleep _much work you h（2004 湖北） A. however B. no matter C. although D. whateverKeys: DCBACA二、 although/though 引导的让步状语从句although 和 though 引导让步状语从句时意为 “尽管,虽然 ”,二者一般可以换 用；要留意 although 和 though 不能和 but 连用,但可以和 yet 或 still 连用；例 如：1. We had to wait half an hour _we had already booked a table.（2007 辽 宁）A. sinceB. althoughC. until D. before2. _he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.（2006 全国 I） A. Since B. unless C. AsD. AlthoughKeys: BD三、 even if/even though 引导的让步状语从句；even if/even though 意为 “即使,尽管 ”,引导的让步状语从句的内容既可以是 事实,也可以是一种假设；例如：1. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable.（2007 浙江）A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _she was an only child.（2005 辽宁）A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as 3. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. （2005 湖南）A. until B. even if C. unlessD. as though Keys: CCB 四、 as引导的让步状语从句；as引导让步状语从句时,意为“尽管,虽然 ”,从句多位于主句之前,而且必需 使用倒装语序；通常假如从句中有形容词或名词作表语,就把表语置于句首,而且 名词前要省略冠词；假如从句中有修饰动词的副词,就将该副词置于句首；假如从 句中有情态动词,就将情态动词后的动词原形置于句首；例如：1._, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.（2007 重 庆） A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound2._, Carolina couldnt get the door open.（2005 广东） A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try 3._, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（2005 重庆） A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student Keys: DAB 五、 while 引导的让步状语从句；while 引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然 ”,相当于 although；例如：名师归纳总结 1._I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. （2007 山东）第 11 页,共 17 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - AAs BSince CIf DWhile 2. _I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.（2004 江 苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 3. _modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.（2004 浙江） A. While B. Since C. As D. If Keys: DAA 六、 whether or 引导的让步状语从句；whether or 引导让步状语从句,意为 Dad, I ve finished my assignm ent.“不管 仍是 ”；例如： Good, and _you play or watch TV, you mustn 上海）t disturb me.（2003 A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter 2004-2006 年各省市高考共考查九次：1._,I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.2004 上海 春 43 A.However the story is amusing B.No matter amusing the story is C.However amusing the story is D.No matter how the story is amusing 2._I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.2004江苏 23 A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless 3.You should try to get a good