2022年高中数学词汇中英文对照 .docx

精品_精品资料_一、代数部分 Algebra1. 数学运算equal, is equal to等于equivalent to等价于 is greater than大于 is lesser than小于is equal or greater than大于等于is equal or lesser than小于等于operator运算符add, plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除augend, summand被加数addend加数minuend被减数subtrahend减数remainder差multiplicand, faciend被乘数multiplicator乘数product积 dividend被除数divisor除数 quotient商remainder余数divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除divisor因子,除数dividend被除数factorial阶乘power乘方radical sign, root sign根号factorial阶乘logarithm对数exponent指数,幂power乘方可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_square二次方,平方cube三次方,立方the power of n, the nth power n次方evolution, extraction开方square root二次方根,平方根cube root三次方根,立方根the root of n, the nth root n次方根2. 数字 digit数字number数natural number自然数integer/whole number整数positive number正数 negative number负数 positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数odd integer, odd number奇数even integer, even number偶数real number实数rational number有理数irrational number无理数consecutive连续数inverse / reciprocal倒数composite number合数prime number质数common divisor公约数multiple倍数least common multiple 最小 公倍数prime factor 质因子common factor公因子nonnegative非负的units个位tens十位ordinary / decimal scale十进制binary system二进制hexadecimal system十六进制weight, significance权可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_carry进位truncation截尾round to / to the nearest四舍五入round down下舍入 round up上舍入significant digit有效数字insignificant digit无效数字3. 分数和小数 decimal小数 decimal point小数点fraction分数numerator分子denominator分母proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数common fraction一般分数mixed number带分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数least common denominator 最小公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数places位 thousands place , hundreds place , tens place , units place ones digit, tenths place , hundredths place , thousandths place. 4. 集合与函数aggregate集合element元素void空集 subset子集union并集intersection交集complement补集proper subset真子集solution set解集mapping映射 function函数可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_domain, field of definition定义域range值域constant常量variable变量monotonicity单调性parity奇偶性periodicity周期性image图象5. 代数式、方程和不等式formula, formulae pl.公式monomial单项式polynomial, multinomial多项式coefficient系数equation等式,方程式unknown, x-factor y-factor, z-factor未知数simple equation一次方程quadratic equation二次方程cubic equation三次方程quartic equation四次方程inequation, inequality不等式algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项literal coefficient字母系数numerical coefficient数字系数range值域factorization因式分解original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程,等价方程linear equation线性方程triangle inequality三角不等式6. 规律 axiom公理theorem定理calculation运算operation运算prove证明hypothesis, hypothesespl. 假设proposition命题可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_arithmetic算术7. 概率与统计approximate近似estimation估量,近似mean均值mode众数median中数variance方差standard error标准偏差standard variation标准方差standard deviation标准差statistics统计average平均数weighted average加权平均数proportion比例percent百分比percentage百分点percentile百分位数permutation排列combination组合probability概率distribution分布normal distribution正态分布abnormal distribution非正态分布graph图表bar graph条形统计histogram柱形统计图broken line graph折线统计图curve diagram曲线统计图 pie diagram扇形统计图8. 三角函数trigonometry三角sine 正弦cosine余弦tangent正切cotangent余切secant正割cosecant余割可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_arc sine反正弦 arc cosine反余弦arc tangent反正切arc cotangent反余切arc secant反正割arc cosecant反余割phase相位period周期amplitude振幅9. 数列arithmetic progressionsequence等差数列geometric progressionsequence等比数列10. 微积分与线性代数series数列,级数calculus微积分differential微分derivative导数 limit极限infinite无穷大infinitesimal无穷小integral积分definite integral定积分indefinite integral不定积分rational number有理数irrational number无理数real number实数 imaginary number虚数complex number复数matrix矩阵determinant行列式11. 其他direct proportion正比indirect proportion反比proportion比例ratio比值arithmetic mean算术平均值geometric mean几何平均数weighted average加权平均值可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_exponent指数,幂base 乘幂的底数,底边powers幂cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的 factorization因式分解absolute value肯定值approximate近似anticlockwise 逆顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正比distinct不同的estimation估量,近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合 table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位二、几何部分 Geometry1. 基本术语point点line线plane面solid体 space空间segment线段radial射线可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_circumference, perimeter周长surface area外表积volume体积line, straight line直线line segment线段midpoint中点 endpoint端点 parallel平行intersect相交perpendicular垂直edge边,棱vertex 复数形式 vertices顶点length长width宽 altitude高 depth深度 side边长 tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距congruent全等的similar相像2. 平面图形 quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形hendecagon十一边形dodecagon十二边形polygon多边形multilateral多边的equilateral/regular polygon正多边形parallelogram平行四边形square正方形rectangle矩形可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_rhombus, diamond菱形trapezoid梯形right trapezoid直角梯形isosceles trapezoid等腰梯形3. 角angle角degree角度radian弧度acute angle锐角right angle直角obtuse angle钝角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角adjacent angle邻角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangle补角complement aryangle余角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角 central angle圆心角angle bisector角平分线bisect平分diagonal对角线4. 三角形triangle三角形right triangle直角三角形acute triangle锐角三角形obtuse triangle钝角三角形oblique斜三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形incenter内心excenter外心escenter旁心可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_orthocenter垂心barycenter重心inscribed triangle内接三角形hypotenuse斜边leg 直角边opposite直角三角形中的对边arm直角三角形的股 median of a triangle中线included side夹边 altitude 三角形的 高base 底边,底数Pythagorean theorem勾股定理5. 圆circle圆形semicircle半圆 concentric circles同心圆semicircle半圆 concentric circles同心圆center of a circle圆心chord弦diameter直径radius半径circumference圆周长sector扇形ring环arc 弧radian弧度弧长 / 半径segment of a circle弧形point of tangency切点inscribe内切,内接circumscribe外切,外接6. 立体图形solid立体的face of a solid立体的面cube立方体,立方数tetrahedron四周体pentahedron五面体hexahedron六面体可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_parallelepiped平行六面体rectangular solid长方体cube正方体heptahedron七面体octahedron八面体enneahedron九面体decahedron十面体hendecahedron十一面体dodecahedron十二面体icosahedron二十面体polyhedron多面体regular solid/polyhedron正多面体pyramid棱锥prism棱柱frustum of a prism棱台rotation旋转axis 轴cone圆锥cylinder圆柱frustum of a cone圆台sphere球 hemisphere半球cross section横截面undersurface底面surface area外表积7. 解析几何coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点x-axis, y-axis, z-axis坐标轴abscissa, x-coordinate横坐标ordinate, y-coordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面hyperbola双曲线parabola抛物线可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ellipse椭圆locus, loca pl.轨迹可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载