2022年高考英语必看之-学法指导与语法易错点归纳.docx

精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -高考英语学法指导与语法易错点归纳高考英语学法指导与语法易错点归纳一二 语法学问易错点本部分共 85 条,对中国同学在英语语法方面简单产生错误或混淆的的方作 了有针对性的提示, 而不是系统的讲解语法学问, 这对同学抓住要点重点是有帮忙的.1. 名词变复数的特别形式child-children, foot-feet, man-men, mouse-mice,stomach-stomachs, tooth-teeth, woman-women, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, a man doctor-men doctors,a woman doctor-women doctors, looker-on-lookers-on,grown-up-grown-ups误： There are many woman teachers in my school.正： There are many women teachers in my school.2. 常考不行数名词advice, baggage, equipment, information,luggage, furniture,fun,weather, knowledge, jewelry, progress误： What a fine weather it is.正： What fine weather it is.3. 可数不行数均可,但意思不同experience 经受（可数）.体会（不行数）room 房间（可数）.空间（不行数）exercise 练习（可数）.锤炼、运动（不行数）误： Visiting the Great Wall is unforgettable experience to me.正： Visiting the Great Wall is an unforgettable experience to me.4. 只能修饰可数名词的有：few, a few, many, a great/good many, a large number of可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -误： There is a large number of water in the hole.正： There is a great deal of water in the hole.5. 只能修饰不行数名词的有：little, a little, much, a large amount of, a great/good deal of误： There are a great deal of people living there.正： There are a good many people living there.6. 可数不行数都可修饰的有：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, 如：There are plenty of trees along the river.There is a large quantity of snow on the top of the mountain.7. 只有复数形式的名词有：trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, athnks, congratulations, belongings误： A pair of trousers are hanging over there.正： A pair of trousers is hanging over there.8. 复数形式,单数意思的有：plastics, news, politics, physics, mathematics误： The news are exciting.正： The news is exciting.9. 复合名词的复数形式.girlfriends,boystudents, womenteachers, menworkers,passers-by, go-betweens, grown-ups误： There're many boys students in my class.正： There're many boy students in my class.10. 名词做主语,谓语动词用复数police, cattle, clothes, goods误： Cattle sells well at that market.正： Cattle sell well at that market.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -11. 几个应当特别留意的名词.people 民族,人 ; village 村庄,村民 .man男人,人类 ,youth 年轻人, 青年男子,青春 误： The Chinese are peace-loving people.正： The Chinese are a peace-loving people.12. 名词全部格1) 形 式 's, of Tom's livingroom, teachers' office, teachers' room, a friend of mine, John and Mary' school, John's and Mary's schools2) 's 适用范畴有生命的物体、时间、距离、国家、城市、机构等误： This is the mountain's picture.正： This is a picture of the mountain.误： John and Mary's schools are beautiful.正： John's and Mary's schools are beautiful.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_poor3) 不能被 's 所替换的全部格形式：the city of Beijing, at the age of 20, the experience of the old, the struggle of the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13. 必需加 the 的有以下几种情形.1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）物.I have a pen. The pen is lost.2) 谈话双方所共知的共指的物体.Look at the blackboard.3) 序数词,形容词最高级前.She is the best student in my class.4) 世界上独一无二的物体.The earth moves around the sun.5) 表方位的名词前.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -6) 形容词前表一类人.The rich are not always happy.7) 乐器He is playing the piano now.8) 山脉、河流、海洋、群岛.China is on the east of the Pacific Ocean.9) same, only, very前.It's the very book I'm looking for.10) by the +计量单位. by the dozen, by the day, by the pound The workers are paid by the hour.误： Birds fly to south in winter.正： Birds fly to the south in winter. Birds fly south in winter.14. 不用冠词的情形有以下几种.1) 表泛指的名词前.如：Do you like music.2) 三餐前.如： have breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner3) 棋类、球类运动前.Almost all the boys in my class love playing football.4) 表官衔、职位的名词前.He was made monitor of the class.5) Child as he is中的 child 名词前.Student as he is, he never obeys the teacher.高考英语学法指导与语法易错点归纳二一 关于英语总复习的几点建议（一）学会自主学习所谓自主学习, 就是同学具有学好英语的欲望,在老师的指导下能自己确定目标,自己支配进程,自己设计活动,自己查找材料,自己监督自己,自己总结 体会.课上课下听老师的话是对的,但要有主动性,作学习的主人.二 语法学问易错点1. it, that, one, the one, the ones, those可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -My pen was lost. I cannot find it. （同一物体）My pen was lost. I have to buy a new one.（同类不同一）The population of Shanghai is much larger than that of Tianjin. （不行数名词） This pen is not the one I lost yesterday.（特指）The pens are not the ones I lost yesterday. The pens are not those I lost yesterday.误句： The weather in Beijing is much colder than the one in Shanghai.正句： The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Shanghai.2. each, either, both, neither, every, allTrees are planted on either/each side of the street. Trees are planted on both sides of the street.Trees are planted on every/each side of the square. Trees are planted on neither side of the street.Trees are planted on all sides of the square.误句： You can tie the horse to every of the two trees.正句： You can tie the horse to either of the two trees.3. any, eitherI have three books and you can choose any one. I have two books and you can choose either one.误句： -When would you like to come over to my house, Saturday or Sunday.-Any day is OK with me.正句： -When would you like to come over to my house, Saturday or Sunday.-Either day is OK with me.3. another, the other, the others, others Another student came in.I have two brothers. One is a teacher. The other is a doctor.Suppose there are 50 students.Some students 20 are playing football on the playground. Others 20 are doing their homework in the classroom.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -The other students 30 are playing football on the playground. The others 30 are playing football on the playground.4. none, nothing, nobody, neither1) -How many students are there in the classroom. -None.2) -How much money do you have.-None.3) -Is there anybody in the classroom. -Nobody.4) -Is there anything in the room.-Nothing.5) -Wouldyou please lend me some ink.-Sorry, but I have none left myself.6) I want neither of the two books.I want none of the three books.误句： -What do you want.-None.正句：1) -What do you want. -Nothing.2) -Of the three things, which do you want.-None.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. 反身代词应留意以下几点.1) I myself think2) Help yourself.请任凭吃吧3) Make yourself at home.别客气4) Don't upset yourself.别自寻苦恼5) make oneself heard/ understoodI couldn't make myself heard above the noise声.6) between ourselves, do you think私下里说音被埋没了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_7) In itself, his illness is nothing to worry about. 就疾病本身而言,没什么可担忧的.8) He is not quite himself today.他感到不舒适9) by oneself = alone, without help 单干、无人帮忙10) for oneself 为You have the right to decide for yourself.11) of oneself 自动的The light went out of itself.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -6. 代词的其他留意事项：1) this, thatMy plan is like this: firstsecondthird He was ill. That's why he didn't come.2) much, many3) some, any4) it 可以指代分不清性别的小孩Is it a boy or a girl.5) she, he也可以用于月亮、太阳、轮船或动物拟人化.China is our motherland and she is the most beautiful country in the world in my opinion.6) you, he and I, you and I, ladies and gentlemen7. 数词1) 大于某数more than 20 years, over thirty, above twenty degrees2) 小于 less than ten days, fewer than 50 people, children under 73) 至少 at least 10 dollars, no less than 100 people4) 大约 about three days, around 2 o'clock, two miles or so5) 至多 not more than 5 rooms, at most ten days6) 仅有 no more than 1 year, only 2 years7) 倍 数 This ruler is twice/three times longer than that one. This ruler is twice/three times as long as that one.This ruler is twice/three times the length of that one.误： This box is as three times heavier as that one.正： This box is three times as heavy as that one.8. 数字+形容词 +名词It's a five-foot-deep hole. The hole is five feet deep. It's a hole five feet deep.误句： It's a three-meters-long table.正句： It's a three-meter-long table.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -9. 形容词,副词的比较级和最高级busy-busier-busiesthot-hotter-hottest important-more important-most importantgood-better-best many/much-more-mostbad/ill-worse-worst old-older/elder-oldest/eldest little-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthest badly-worse-worst well-better-best10. 形容词需要留意以下几点：1) 只能做定语的形容词有：live, main, chief; My main purpose is to help you here.2) 只能做表语的形容词有：alone, alike, awake, asleep, lit, content He is alone, but he doesn't feel lonely.3) 多个形容词修饰名词的次序依次是：冠词（全部格.指示词.数词）.品质.大小长短.外形.新旧.颜色.产的.材料.用途.例如：a beautiful little round red Chinese wooden public reading room4) 能修饰形容词比较级的有：much, rather, even , still, far, any, no, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, yet等.I'm much better now.I'm a great deal better now.5) 能修饰形容词最高级的有：by far, very, much. He is by far the best student in my class.二、语法学问易错点1. 留意几个短语的用法.1) the tallest of all The girl is the best student of all.2) the smaller of the two This island is the larger of the two.3) less rich than He is less poor than his brother.4) as rich as He is as tall as his brother.5) the more, the betterThe more you look at it, the better you like it.6) not more beautiful than, no more beautiful than可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -误： He is no more clever than his brother. So he can solve the problem.正： He is no more foolish than his brother. So he can solve the problem.2. 留意几组副词的区分.1) deep, deeply I was deeply touched by the moving story.2) high, highly I thought highly of his idea.3) wide, widely English is widely spoken in China nowadays.4) direct, directly Go direct home.5) first, firstly6) free, freely He can talk freely in English.7) hard, hardly I can hardly move.8) late, lately Where have you been lately.9) just, justly10) loud, aloud, loudly Reading aloud is important for English learners.11) most, mostly My friends are mostly Chinese.12) near, nearly, almost Almost nobody was there to help him.13) fair, fairly, rather, quite14) also, as well, too, either15) very, much, very much误： I'm deep moved by what he said.正： I'm deeply moved by what he said.3. 几个易错的副词home, downtown, downstairs, abroad误句： He went to abroad three years ago.正句： He went abroad three years ago.4. 介词与动词的搭配.agree with, belong to, break away from, care for He agreed with what I said.5. 介词与形容词的搭配.afraid of, angry with, different from, good at I'm afraid of falling behind others.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -6. 介词与名词的搭配.answer to, key to, reason for, cause of, visit to How about your visit to the Great Wall.7. 留意几组介词的区分.1) at, in, on 表的点,表时间 2) from, for, since 表时间 3) below, under, above, over4) between, among5) by, with, in 表方式 You can get there by bus.He cut the meat with a knife. He wrote the letter in ink.8. 一般现在时留意以下两点.1) 表时刻表的情形下,一般现在代替将来时态用.2) 主将从现符合的原就是：if条件句,时间状语从句,方式状语从句和让步状语从句.如：If he comes, I'll let you know. He will be happy when I tell him. Next time I'll do as you say.Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.3) be to do 表有责任、有义务做某事be going to do 表示有方案性、预备做某事will do一般情形下使用误： The plane will take off at 10p.m.正： The plane takes off at 10p.m.9. 现在进行时留意以下四点.1) 和 always, constantly, forever, continually 连用表示说话人的感情颜色,批评,埋怨等.He is always thinking of others.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2) 强调情形的临时性.He is walking to school because his bike is being repaired.3) 强调一时的表现.He is being silly.4) 表将来.I'm going shopping this afternoon.误：He types his own letters when his secretary is ill.正：He is typing his own letters when his secretary is ill.误： He always makes the same mistake. 正： He is always making the same mistake.10. 一般将来时留意以下三点.1) 表倾向,习惯性动作.意为" 会,不能,没法 " . We will die sooner or later. The medicine won't help.2) 表估计The man in the middle will be visiting president.3) 表容量The hall will seat 500 people.误： The machine doesn't work.正： The machine won't work.11. 一般过去时说没有想到是指过去没有想到.如：I didn't expect you were here. I didn't think you would come.12. 现在完成时的适用范畴.1) 过去动作对现在的影响和结果.I've already finished my homework, so I can leave now.2) 过去开头连续到现在.Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 30 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -3) 曾经经受过的事情.Have you ever been to the Summer Palace.4) 在主将从现中,假如没有一般现在,可以选现在完成.如：If I finish/have finished my homework, I'll go home.13. 过去完成时留意两点.1) 它是和一般过去时对应存在的,没有一般过去时,就不存在过去完成时.2) 用在 no soonerthan, scarcelywhenh, ardlywhen, had intended, had hoped, had planned等短语中.误： I hoped to go there, but I didn't.正： I had hoped