最新北师大版高中英语必修二第8讲：Unit6Design-词汇篇2(学生版).pdf
北师大版高中英语必修二第 8讲：Unit6 Design-词汇篇 2学生版 第 2 页 Unit 6 Design 词汇篇 2 _ _ 1、掌握第六单元第三课及第四课的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用第六单元第三课及第四课的重点单词，短语及句型。1.date back to 追溯到，始于 The castle dates back to the 14th century.这个城堡可追溯到 14 世纪。温馨提示：date back to 无被动语态，谓语动词多用一般现在时。短语拓展：date back to=date from/go back to 追溯到，始于 out of date 过时的，陈旧的，不流行的 up to date 现代的，最新的 第 3 页 have/make a date with sb.与某人约会 I have a date with Jane.我与简有个约会。2.purpose n.目的，意图 短语拓展：on purpose 成心；有意地 with the purpose of 目的是 He went to America with the purpose of getting rich.他怀着发财的目的去了美国。for the purpose of 为了目的 3.used for decoration 过去分词作后置定语 原文再现：Paper cuts used for decoration are often seen on windows and gates.“used for decoration 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的 paper cuts，与其是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。分词作定语：作定语的及物动词分词形式为：v.-ing,being+过去分词,过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词是主动关系，用 v.-ing；当被修饰的名词与分词为被 第 4 页 第 5 页 in/out of character 符合/不符合的性格 4.offering n.供品，祭品 短语拓展：make an offer 出价，要价 turn down/refuse an offer 拒绝建议 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 My neighbor offered to help me when I was sick.我生病时，邻居主动提出帮助我。offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.向某人提供某物 He offered us 100 yuan for the bike.他向我们出价100 元买这辆自行车 m offer some money for 出价买 5.try out 试用，试验 We will try out your new method.我们将试验你的新方法。词语拓展：try n.尝试，试图，努力 第 6 页 短语拓展：try on 试穿 Can I try it on?我能穿上试试吗？try for 试图获得，赢得 try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.试图做某事，尝试做某事 He tried cleaning the spot with alcohol.他试着用酒精擦拭那污迹。6.“介词+关系代词引导定语从句 原文再现：People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festival.句型剖析：本句为复合句,to whom the dead person was related为“介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people。“介词+关系代词引导定语从句，其中关系代词只能用 whom 或 which。例：In the dark street,there wasnt a single person to 第 7 页 whom she could turn for help.漆黑的街上没有一个他可以求助的人。This is the room in which Leo used to live.这就是利奥以前住的房间。7.名词性从句 原文再现：But what I remembered most is moving a lot.句型剖析：“what I remembered most是主语从句，what 在句中作 remember 的宾语，此时此时不能换成 that，因为 that 引导主语从句时不再句中作任何成分。What引导的名词性从句还有宾语从句，表语从句等。动名词短语“moving a lot在这里作表语。例：What you said just now is not true.你刚刚说的话不是真的。That we shall be late is certain.我们将要迟到，这是确定无疑的。8.mercy n.慈悲，怜悯，同情心 词汇拓展：第 8 页 merciful adj.还算幸运的，仁慈的 mercifully adv.幸运地，宽大地 merciless adj.无情的 短语拓展：have mercy on=show mercy to 对仁慈，对同情怜悯 ask/beg for mercy 恳求宽恕，祈求宽恕 at the mercy of sb./sth.任由摆布；对无能为力 without mercy 毫不留情的，残忍的 It is a mercy that-clause 真幸运，真侥幸 9.the way 后的定语从句 原文再现：But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all.句型剖析：the way 是先行词，“they described it是定语从句，修饰 the way，引导词在定语从句中作状语，可以省 第 9 页 略，也可以用 that 或 in which。way 当“方法，方法讲时，后接的定语从句中，假设引导词再从句中作主语或宾语，那么需用 that 或which。The way that/in which he said it surprised it surprised us.他表达的方式让我们感到惊讶。10.narrow adj.狭窄的，狭隘的，眼光短浅的 词汇拓展：narrowly adv.勉强地，严格地，仔细地 He narrowly escaped being killed.他险些丧命。narrow vt.&vi.使变窄，缩小 11.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 I was so nervous that I held my breath at the scene.看到那场面我紧张的屏住了呼吸。短语拓展：与 breath 有关的其他短语：catch ones breath 恢复正常呼吸 lose ones breath 喘不过气 第 10 页 take a deep breath 深深吸一口气 out of breath 运动后穿不上气 与 hold 相关的短语：hold back 阻挡，犹豫 hold on 坚持住，电话用语等一下 hold out 伸出，维持 hold off 延迟 12.完全倒装 Out back is a small garage for the car we dont own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.句型剖析：主句是一个完全倒装句。表示地点或时间的副词或介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词为 be 或 go,come 等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装，即将谓语动词局部全部至于主语之前。考点释义：完全倒装语序主要有以下几种情况：第 11 页 There+be/stand/lie/exist/live+名词主语 There lies a railway in the north of the city.城市北边有一条铁路。Here/there/out/in/up/down/away/back/now/then 等副词+不及物动词come,go,rush,fly 等+名词主语不用进行时态。Away went the children.孩子们走了。直接引语的一局部或全部放在句首，主语为名词。“We are lost,said Mary.“我们迷路了。玛丽说。表语或状语主要是表示地点的状语+谓语谓语动词常为不及物动词+名词主语。In the box are some candies.盒子里有一些糖果。13.conclusion n.结论，推断，终结，结局 词汇拓展：conclude vt.&vi.结束，推断出，达成 短语拓展：reach/lead to/come to a conclusion 得出结论 to conclude/in conclusion 最后 第 12 页 In conclusion,I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself.最后，我想说我过的有多么愉快。14.agree with 同意 I quite agree with his idea.我十分赞同他的想法。短语拓展：agree with ones idea/opinion/what one says 同意某人的观点/意见/所说的话 agree with sth.与一致，与符合 not agree with sb.不适合，不相宜 agree to 同意方案，建议，安排 agree on 对取得一致意见 arrive at/come to/reach an agreement 达成协议 15.表语从句 原文再现：This is why the local people proudly call their town“Dayan 句型剖析：这是一个由 why 引导的表语从句。Why 是连接副词；第 13 页 表语从句还可以由 that,what,which,who,whom,when,where,how,whether,as if等来引导。其中what,which,who,whom 为连接代词，在表语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语等；when,where,how,why 为连接副词，在表语从句中充当状语；that,whether,as if在表语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。例：Thats just what I want.那正是我想要的。This is why we missed the early bus.那就是我们为什么错过了早班车。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。16.Wonder n.奇观，奇迹，惊叹 词汇拓展：wonder vt.想知道 wonderful adj.令人惊奇的，精彩的 短语拓展：no wonder 难怪 wonder at sth./wh-宾语从句 17.admire vt.钦佩，羡慕，赞赏，欣赏 词汇拓展：第 14 页 admirable adj.可钦佩的，值得赞赏的 admiration n.钦佩，羡慕，赞赏 短语拓展：admire sb.For 因而钦佩某人 The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.这所学校因教学出色而被广泛称赞。18.be home to 是的所在地/家/发源地 Africa is home to lions.非洲是狮子的故土。短语拓展：feel at home 感到自在，舒服，放松 make oneself at home 不拘束，不客气 19.determine vt.决心，决定 词汇拓展：determined adj.坚决的 determination n.决心 短语拓展：determine(on/upon)sth.决定某事 第 15 页 determine to do sth.决定做某事 determine sb.to do sth.使某人下决心做某事 Her encouragement determined me to carry on with the work.她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。be determined to do sth.决心做某事 A lot of people are determined to become rich.很多人决心要致富。20.Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了 Its your turn to sweep the floor.该你扫地了。短语拓展：take turns 依次，轮流 by turns 轮流，交替 in turn 依次，轮流，转而，相应的 in return 作为回报 例 1.Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man _ from around 2300 B.C.A.dated B.dating 第 16 页 C.dates D.to date 例 2.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _ all its citizens.A.in charge of B.for the purpose of C.in honor of D.for the benefit of 例 3.In some languages,100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversations.A.using B.to use C.having used D.used 例 4._ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.A.That B.What 第 17 页 C.Who D.Which 例 5.2022 北京朝阳高三一模Oh,I can feel something _ up my leg!It must be an insect.A.to climb B.climbing C.climb D.climbed 根底演练 一，根据字母或汉语提示，用所学的单词或短语填空。1.The Grand Canal began to be built in the Sui D_.2.She seems to do these things on p_.3.Money is not the key to h_.4.A group of primary students placed a wreath at the t_ of the national hero.5.She wore so much _珠宝that she seemed to be covered in gold.第 18 页 6.The _寺庙has been considered an example of classic design.7.I wish this book was written in bigger _字.8.This cloth has a _式样of blue and white squares.9.The r_ for the flat is$50 a week.10.Id like to go d_ for shopping.Can you give me a lift?稳固提高 一，单句改错。1.By the time when we got to the top of the mountain,we were all out of breath._.2.At last,they arrived in where is now called America._.第 19 页 3.Where do you think will he go?_.4.I dont like the way how you did it._.5.There are tall trees growing on either sides of the road._.一，用所给短语的适当形式填空。date back to be related to on purpose set an example try out hold ones breath even though without mercy dream of be located in even though 1.Parents should _ _ good _ _ their children.2.I think he broke that window _ _.第 20 页 3.We should _ _ this medicine to make sure that there is nothing wrong with it.4.This customer _ _ _ the 11th century.5.The police think that he _ _ _ the case.6.There are a lot of spelling mistakes,_ _,it is a good essay.7.His father drove him off _ _.8.He _ _ being a pilot as a children.9.Hearing the enemy come,the soldiers _ _ _.10.The museum _ _ _ the center of the town.二，单项选择。1.Though the professor explained the point _,many students still couldnt understand it.A.in ruins B.in detail C.in conclusion 第 21 页 D.on purpose 2.北京大兴高三一模_ he said in the wedding ceremony moved everyone present.A.How B.That C.Which D.What 3.北京大兴高三一模I have learned that clothes _ online are of poor quality.A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.having bought 4.北京朝阳高三二模Can I fax this paper?Sorry,but our fax _ at the moment,and it wont be working until around 3 oclock.A.is being repaired B.is repairing C.is repaired D.repairs 5.北京朝阳高三二模You could work out the problem easily now if you _ absent from the physics class Friday.A.werent B.hadnt been C.havent been D.wouldnt have been 第 22 页 _ _ 一，阅读理解。According to psychologists心理学家,an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as either bad or good.When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him,we call this emotion fear.if the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it,we call the emotion anger.The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us.An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world.it can be created by a persons thoughts.Everyone has emotions.Many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions.They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write.A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations 第 23 页 because of an emotion.Psychologists think that there are two types of emotion:positive and negative.Positive emotions include love,liking,joy,delight,and hope.They are aroused by something that appeals to a person.Negative emotions make a person unhappy or dissatisfied.They include anger,fear,despair,sadness,and disgust.in growing up,a person learns to cope with the negative emotions in order to be happy.Emotions may be weak or strong.Some strong emotions are so unpleasant that a person will try any means to escape from them.in order to feel happy,the person may choose unusual ways to avoid the emotion.Strong emotions can make it hard to think and to solve problems.They may prevent a person from learning or paying attention to what he is doing.For example,a student taking an examination may be so worried about failing that he cannot think properly.The worry drains valuable mental energy he needs for the examination.第 24 页 1.We learn from the passage that an emotion is created by something .A.one thinks bad or good B.one feels in danger C.one faces in the outside world D.one tries to escape from real life 2.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Children learn emotions as they grow up.B.Babies are born with emotions.C.Emotions fall into two types in general.D.People can cope with the negative emotions in life.3.The authors purpose of writing this passage is to .A.explain why people have emotions B.show how people avoid the negative emotions C.explain what people should do before emotions D.define and classify peoples emotions 4.We can safely conclude that a student may fail in 第 25 页 an exam if .A.he can not think properly B.he cant pay attention to it C.he cant pay attention to it D.he is not full of energy 5.As used in the last sentence,the word drains means .A.stops B.ties C.weakens D.flows gradually 二，单项选择。1.We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _ us a ride home.A.didnt offer B.wouldnt offer C.hasnt offer D.hadnt offer 2.The lawyer listened with full attention,_ to miss any point.第 28 页 control of D.under the charge of
