新视野大学英语第二册Unit.pptx

Pre-reading TasksPre-reading TasksText UnderstandingText UnderstandingNotes to the TextNotes to the TextFun TimeFun TimeExerciseExercise第1页/共78页Pre-reading tasksLets talk about1.Time1.Time2.Cultural Differences2.Cultural Differences第2页/共78页1.Time1)Americans have a saying“Time is money”.How do you understand it?Time is a precious resource.Time can bring profits.If we make good use of time and work efficiently,we may expect good results and big profits.On the contrary,if we work with tardiness,well waste our precious time and gain less than we should gain.There fore,time is really money and saving time is just like saving money.As individuals,we should treasure our limited time and let every minute count.第3页/共78页2)Collect the idioms about time in both Chinese and EnglishTime flies.光阴似箭，岁月如梭。Time and tide wait for no man.时间不等人。All time is no time when it is past.Time lost cannot be recalled.光阴一去不复返。To save time is to lengthen life.节省时间就是延长生命。Time works wonders.时间可以创造奇迹。Time brings the truth to light.时间一到，真理自明。第4页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Situation 1 an appointment How to Manage the Following Situations?Situation 2Situation 2 home visit home visitSituation 3Situation 3 to a party to a partySituation 4Situation 4 being invited to dinner being invited to dinnerSituation 5Situation 5 an interview an interview 2.Cultural Differences第5页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Situation 1:Dr.Tom McDivern from NY is practicing medicine in a rural area in Saudi Arabia.His opening day was booked fully a week ago.But half an hour passed,neitherof his first two patients arrived.第6页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Americans tend to be _.To the Arabians,_ _ is acceptable.half an houror 40 minutes latepunctual第7页/共78页Situation 2:On your way home,it occurred to you that Situation 2:On your way home,it occurred to you that your American friend Mary had invited you to visit her your American friend Mary had invited you to visit her when you were free.Then you dropped in on her house.when you were free.Then you dropped in on her house.But when you knocked at the door 第8页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Mary felt surprised.Why?In China,its OKIn China,its OKto visit friendsto visit friendswithout callingwithout callingahead of time.ahead of time.While in the U.S.,While in the U.S.,itsits impoliteimpolite to doto doso.so.第9页/共78页Book 2Unit 1 What is theWhat is the politepolite way way in the U.S.?in the U.S.?Calling ahead of time.Calling ahead of time.第10页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Situation 3:Your American friend invited you to her party tonight at 7:30.When are you supposed to get there?Why?A.Before 7:00,to help her to prepare.B.510 late,not to be the first guest.C.After 8:00,Im the VIP.D.510 earlier,its a polite way to show my respect for her.第11页/共78页Book 2Unit 1In the U.S.,people tend to be _.In China,close friends tend to arrive _，but acquaintances tend to arrive _.510 late(B)before 7:00 (A)510 earlier(D)第12页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Situation 4:Your American friend invited you to her house for dinner at 6:30.When are you supposed to get there?A.Right on time.B.Be fashionably late.C.Half an hour late.D.About 510 earlier.The AmericansThe Chinese第13页/共78页Book 2Unit 1To Visit Friends in the U.S.Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks第14页/共78页Before you go,its always best to 1._2._ 3._When you go to a party,youd be _.When you go to somebodys house for dinner,youdbe _,i.e.not to be _,not to be _,just _.Book 2Unit 1To Visit Friends in the U.S.lateearlygive them a phone.send them a letter.send them an e-mail.fashionably latepunctualright on time第15页/共78页Book 2Unit 1During an interview,the American boss asks about your idea on salaryas a secretary,which answer willbe good for you?Situation 5:Situation 5:第16页/共78页Book 2Unit 11.Any sum of money is OK for 1.Any sum of money is OK for me.me.2.At least$2500,2.At least$2500,Im the best.Im the best.第17页/共78页Book 2Unit 14.Oh,money is not important to me.I dont come here simply for money.3.$1,000 a month.I can make it.第18页/共78页Book 2Unit 1In America,a persons success is based on how much money he makes.And Americans are not afraid of showing their confidence.To most Chinese,itd be the responsibility of the company to decide the salary according to the employees performance.TipsTHIS MAY BE DUE TO CULTURAL DIFFERENCES第19页/共78页Book 2Unit 11.greetings2.thinking3.expressing ideas4.educating5.parentingCultural differences Cultural differences exist in the ways of exist in the ways of 第20页/共78页Book 2Unit 1 Learning a foreignlanguage well means morethan mastering thepronunciation,grammar and expressions.It alsomeans learning its culture.Suggestions第21页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Structure Analysis Idea CatchingText Understanding第22页/共78页Book 2Unit 1I.Idea CatchingPara.1Para.1 What are the two things Americans try to save?1.Question:Time and labor.第23页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Way 1Way 2Way 3Way 4They treat time seriously.They do everything in a hurry.They start talking business quickly.They use modern devices to communicate with each other efficiently.Para.2Para.27 72.The ways Americans save time include:第24页/共78页Book 2Unit 1To successfully solve a problemand to fulfill a job with speedis taken by _ as a sign of Para.8Para.83.Conclusion:different ideas The _ consider itproper to _第25页/共78页Book 2Unit 1II.Structure AnalysisWHAT?How?By giving specific details,then By giving specific details,then telling the reasons.telling the reasons.Americans are time conscious.Americans are time conscious.What does the writer want to What does the writer want to tell us?tell us?How does he support his idea?How does he support his idea?第26页/共78页Book 2Unit 1A general point:Americans are peopleAmericans are peopleReasons(R):1.2.3.4.5.Specific Details(SD):Topic of Para.1 Topic of Para.2Topic of Para.3Topic of Para.4Topic of Para.57第27页/共78页Book 2Unit 1If youre not moving ahead,youre falling behind.SD:R:Para.1Americans believe no onestands still.SD:R:Time is treated as if it were something almost real.Time is a precious resource.Para.2第28页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Para.3SD:Everyone in the U.S.is in a rush.R:They are often under pressure.Para.4SD:Americans quicklystart talking business.R:Time is always ticking in their inner ear.第29页/共78页Book 2Unit 1Para.57SD:We work hard to save time.How?R:These devices can save the feet and endless amounts of time.We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices.Para.8Americans take it as a sign of skillfulness to do things quickly.The foreigners have different ideas from those of Americans.第30页/共78页Notes to the TextBook 2Unit 1第31页/共78页Book 2Unit 11.Americans believe no one stands still.If you are not moving ahead,you are falling behind.(L1)Americans think no one keeps motionless,everyone moves and advances.If you are not moving ahead,you will become further behind.第32页/共78页Book 2Unit 1stand stillstand:keep or stay in a particular position or state 处于或保持某种状态“stand”is used as a linking verb,followed by adjectives or adjective-like phrases.e.g:The room stands idle.这房间闲置着。第33页/共78页Book 2Unit 1fall behind sb./sth.(L1)(L1)become bit by bit further behindKeyKeyHes been falling behind his group members in English.TranslationTranslation 他在英语方面一直落后于同组同学。e.g.e.g.If youre not moving ahead,youreIf youre not moving ahead,youre falling behindfalling behind.第34页/共78页Book 2Unit 1fall behind with sth.fail to produce sth.at the proper timeKeyKeyImIm falling behind withfalling behind with my work;I must try to catch up.my work;I must try to catch up.TranslationTranslation我工作拖下来了，我得想办法赶上。e.g.e.g.fall behindfall behind with the rentwith the rent第35页/共78页Book 2Unit 12.This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching,experimenting and exploring.(L2)后置定语commit sb./sth.to(doing)mit oneself to sth.devote to(doing)sth.As a result of this attitude,Americans tend to devote their time and energy to researching,experimenting and exploring.第36页/共78页Book 2Unit 1result in cause,have as a result,lead toKeyKeyActing before thinking alwaysActing before thinking always results inresults in failing.failing.TranslationTranslation做事不先考虑总是会失败的。e.g.e.g.The accident The accident resulted inresulted in the death of two people.the death of two people.*result from*result from be caused by,because ofbe caused by,because of Nothing has resulted from his efforts.他的努力终成泡影。第37页/共78页Book 2Unit 13.Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,the other being labor.(L3)Notice here in this sentence we have a special type of adverbial clause:“the other being labor.”The structure is:subject+-ing(or:-ed)verb.This type of clause can also be put at the beginning of the whole sentence.第38页/共78页Book 2Unit 1e.g.No further discussions arising,the meeting was brought to an end.Lunch finished,all the guests returned to the sitting room.This type of clause can be rewritten by adding the prep“with”.e.g.With lunch finished,with the other being labor.第39页/共78页Book 2Unit 14.We are slaves to nothing but the clock.(L5)译文译文:只有时间才能支配我们。只有时间才能支配我们。We are under the control of time only and nothing else.or:We are only dominated by time.第40页/共78页Book 2Unit 1slave toA person who is completely influenced or dominated by sth.e.g.a slave to drinka slave to money第41页/共78页Book 2Unit 1nothing butonlye.g.Hes nothing but a criminal.The report contains nothing but lies.第42页/共78页Book 2Unit 15.We budget it,save it,waste it,steal it,kill it,cut it,account for it;we also charge for it.(L6)译文：我们安排时间、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩短时间，对时间的使用作出解释；我们还要因时间而收取费用。第43页/共78页Book 2Unit 1budgetvt.Plan the spending of or provide(money)in a plan 编制预算e.g.The government has budgeted 10 million dollars for education spending.vi.Save or spend money(for a particular purpose)节省或用钱e.g.She budgeted for buying a new car.n.e.g.a family/weeks budget第44页/共78页Book 2Unit 1account for give a satisfactory explanation for KeyKeyJenny Jenny had had toto account account to to her her fatherfather for for every penny she spent.every penny she spent.TranslationTranslation珍妮不得不向父亲说明每一个便士是怎么花的。e.g.e.g.The The man man couldntcouldnt account account forfor the the fact fact that that the the money money was found in his house.was found in his house.第45页/共78页Book 2Unit 1account for be a proportion of sth.TranslationTranslation女生占我们班一半人数。*phrases:*phrases:on on account account of of 由由于于;on on no no account account 绝绝不不；take take account account of of=take take into into account account 考考虑虑到到e.g.e.g.North North Sea Sea oil oil accounts accounts forfor a a high high proportion proportion of of our our trade earningtrade earning.第46页/共78页Book 2Unit 1charge forask(an amount of money)as a pricee.g.How much do you charge for washing a car?We charge 200 dollars for a single room one night.第47页/共78页Book 2Unit 16.Once the sands have run out of a persons hourglass,they cannot be replaced.(L8)The whole sentence is a metaphor,which means:Once time has passed,it will not return.第48页/共78页Book 2Unit 1hourclass It is a glass container holding fine sand for measuring time,which is narrow in the middle like a figure 8 so that the sand inside can run slowly from the top half to the bottom taking exactly one hour.第49页/共78页Book 2Unit 17.We want every minute to count.(L9)We want every minute to be put into good use(since it is precious).译文：我们应当让每一分钟都过得有意义。第50页/共78页Book 2Unit 1count vi.If sth.counts,its important or valuable;vt.calculate TranslationTranslation考试前，每一秒钟都很重要。*phrases:*phrases:count in count in 把把 算入算入count on/upon=rely on count on/upon=rely on 指望指望count out count out 逐一数出逐一数出count up count up 总计总计e.g.e.g.We want every minute to We want every minute to countcount.KeyKeyEvery minuteEvery minute counts counts before the exam.before the exam.第51页/共78页Book 2Unit 18.Dont take it personally.(L18)Dont let it upset you because they are treating everybody this way or because they are not doing this to you in particular.译文：不要觉得这是针对你个人的。第52页/共78页Book 2Unit 1take personally If you take someones remarks personally,you are upset because you think that they are being critical about you in particular.认为是针对某人的e.g.You mustnt take her negative comments of your plan personally.第53页/共78页Book 2Unit 19.Theyll miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country.(L23)译文：译文：它它们们也也会会怀怀念念那那种种喝喝着着茶茶或或咖咖啡啡招招待待客客人人的的礼礼节节性性交交往往，这这也也许许是是他他们们自自己己国国家家的一种习俗。的一种习俗。Theyll be sad because theyll not have the usual exchanges that go with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee.These exchanges may be a common and regular practice on similar occasions in their own country.第54页/共78页Book 2Unit 1rituala.of or done regularly followed in exactly the same way each time 例行的，惯常的n.固定程序，例行公事e.g.I start to read English aloud after I get up in the morning and that has become a ritual.第55页/共78页go witha.exist or take place at the same time,be found together 同时发生，伴随e.g.Happiness doesnt necessarily go with money.b.与相配，相协调e.g.The shoes doesnt go with the suit.第56页/共78页convention n.customary practice 习俗，惯例e.g.e.g.ConventionConvention now allows women to smoke in public.now allows women to smoke in public.KeyKeyIts Its thethe conventionconvention for for men men to to wear wear suits suits on on formal formal occasions.occasions.TranslationTranslation男子在正式场合穿西装是一种惯例。第57页/共78页9.Normally,Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk;much less do they take them out for dinner,or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust.(L27)译文：一般说来，美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评估他们的客人的，更不用说他们会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭，或带他们去高尔夫球场。light conversation light conversation on unimportant or on unimportant or non-serious non-serious subjectssubjectslasting for a lasting for a long period long period of timeof timean area of grass which is an area of grass which is designed for people to designed for people to play golf onplay golf on第58页/共78页assessvt.judge or decide the amount,value,quality or importance of(as the ground for a decision)e.g.They assessed the value of the house at$60,000.They say they can assess intelligence from these tests.第59页/共78页much less still less,let alone and even less likely 更不用说e.g.e.g.Theyre Theyre always always short short of of water water to to drink,drink,much less to bathe in.bathe in.KeyKeyThe old man can hardly walk,The old man can hardly walk,much lessmuch less run.run.TranslationTranslation这位老人几乎不能行走，更不用说跑了。第60页/共78页10.especially given our traffic-filled streets.(L34)especially when we take into account our busy streets that are often full of traffic.第61页/共78页givenprep.taking into accounte.g.Given their inexperience,theyve done a good job.Given that they are inexperienced,theyve done a good job.Notice that“given”is followed by a noun phrase,while“given that”is followed by a finite clause.第62页/共78页11.To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.(L37)译文：就我们而言，电子交流缺乏人情味这点与我们手头上事情的重要性很少或完全没有关系。not involving not involving human feelingshuman feelings第63页/共78页at handa.under discussion or being considerede.g.Her question was not related to the matter at hand.b.near in time or