2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试(八省联考)英语试题(解析版).docx

2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟演练英语注意事项:1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是 C。1. Why does the woman refuse to go to the gym?A. She is sick. B. She needs a rest.2. What are the speakers talking about?C. She has to work.C. A new restaurant.C. Potatoes.A. A kind of food.B. A close relative.3. What will the woman probably eat?A. Beef.B. Grapes.4. What is the woman's suggestion?A. Repairing the sofa.B. Cleaning the kitchen.C. Buying a cupboard.5. What does the man think of the movie?A. Top quality.B. Above average.C. Surprisingly bad.第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， .各小题将给出 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。5听第 段材料，回答第 、 题。.66 76. Where are the speakers?A. In a restaurant.B. In a bookstore.C. In a supermarket.C. Call his friend.7. What does the man have to do now?A. Sign his name.B. Wait his turn.听第 段材料，回答第 至 题。7 8 108. When does the man plan to check in?A. Three days later.B. Four days later.C. Seven days later.9. What kind of room does the man take?A. One with one bed and a kitchen.B. One with two beds and a kitchen.C. One with two beds and no kitchen.10. How much will the man pay?A. $400.B. $800.C. $1200.听第 段材料，回答第 至 题。8 11 1311. What did Susan do right before the conversation?A. She visited her brother.B. She called John Reeves.C. She toured the company.12 What does Susan think of the place?A. It's big.B. It's famous.C. It's crowded.13. Who is Michael?A. John's boss.B. Tara's husband.C. Susan's brother.听第 段材料，回答第 至 题。9 14 1614. What did the woman do last night?A. She went to school. B. She listened to a talk.15 What does the woman suggest the man do with his big table?C. She decorated her home.A. Replace it. B. Have it painted. C. Make good use of it.16. What is a benefit of decorating a house by oneself?A. Saving money. B. Suiting personal taste.C. Strengthening family ties.听第 段材料，回答第 至 题。10 17 20 17. What is special about a live concert?A. The whole experience is unique.B. The sound quality is outstanding.C. The performance can be recorded.18. What does the speaker say about concerts by university performing groups?A. They are expensive.B. They are often of high quality.C. They are covered by the local media.19. What does the speaker suggest doing before the concert?A. Listening to the works to be performed.B. Checking information at the box office.C. Reading something about the concert hall.20. What is the speaker?A. A news reporter.B. A theater designer.C. A college teacher.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANon-Credit CoursesThe Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses. Students will experience college-level courses given bysome of our colleges leading experts and will receive written feedback 反( 馈) on their work at the end of the course.Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at theconclusion of the program.All non-credit courses meet from 9:00 a. m.-11:30 a. m. daily and may have additional requirements in theafternoons or evenings.COURSE: Case Studies in Neuroscience· June 11 July 2· Leah RoeschUsing student-centered, active-learning methods and real-world examples, this course is designed to provide afuller understanding of how the human brain works.COURSE: Psychology of Creativity · June 15June 28·Marshall DukeWhy are certain people so creative? Is it genetic (遗传的), or a result of childhood experience? Are theydifferent from everyone else? This popular psychology course highlights the different theories of creativity.COURSE: Creative Storytelling· June 21 July 3· Edith FreniThis college-level course in creative storytelling functions as an introduction to a variety of storytellingtechniques that appear in different forms of creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.COURSE: Sports Economics· July 19 August 1·Christina DePasqualeIn this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry: sports leagues, ticket pricing,salary negotiations, discrimination, and NCAA policies to name a few.1. Who is the text intended for?A. The general public.B. College freshmen.C. Educational experts.D. High school students.2. Which course can you take if you are free only in June?A. Sports Economics.B. Creative Storytelling.C. Psychology of Creativity.D. Case Studies in Neuroscience.3. Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing?A. Leah Roeschs.C. Marshall Dukes.B. Edith Frenis.D. Christina DePasquales.【答案】1. D2. C3. B【解析】本文是一则应用文。文章介绍了大学预科项目所提供非学分课程。【1 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Students will experience college-level courses given by some of our collegesleading experts and will receive written feedback (反馈) on their work at the end of the course. Pre-college studentswill also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of theprogram.(学生将体验学院顶尖专家开设的大学水平课程，并在课程结束时收到有关工作的书面反馈。大学 预科生也将获得满意/不满意的成绩，并在课程结束时获得结业证书)”可推知，这篇文章是写给大学预科生的，即高中生。故选 D。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 COURSE: Psychology of Creativity 中的“June 15 June 18(6 月 15 日- 6 月 18 日)”及其他课程时间的安排可知，如果你只有在六月有空闲时间，你可以选择Psychology of Creativity。故选 C。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据 COURSE: Creative Storytelling 中的“This college-level course in creative storytellingfunctions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling techniques that appear in different forms of creative writing,such as short fiction and playwriting.( 这门大学水平的创造性故事课程介绍了各种不同形式的创造性写作中出现的故事技巧，如短篇小说和戏剧写作)”可知，如果你对创意写作感兴趣，你应该选择 Creative Storytelling，该课程的授课人是 Edith Freni。故选 B。BIn my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint onthe planet. A carbon footprint is the measure of influence our activities have on the environment, in particular climatechange. It is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives. Fortunately, nowadays it ismuch easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices than, let's say, 20 years ago. But one question has been on my minda lot lately: is it better to buy new eco-friendly products or used traditionally produced goods?After doing some research, I have decided that some things are better new and others are better used. Let me tryto explain.A carbon footprint is made up of two parts, the primary footprint and the secondary footprint. The primaryfootprint is a measure of our direct emissions(排放)of carbon dioxide(CO2)from the burning of fuels, includinghousehold energy consumption and transportation. The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use-those related to their production and breakdown.Based on this understanding, we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint. Thingslike dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the “secondary footprint” group, so less is more and we can focus ofinndingused goods to avoid the added production. However, for the car and the other appliances(设备)that we need we cango with new, energy-saving models. I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of their carbonfootprint after they leave the factory. So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy-saving models. The mainconcern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbonis worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.4. What is the text mainly about? A. What appliances to buy to save energy.B. What a carbon footprint means in our life.C. How to identify different carbon footprints.D. How to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices.5. What do we know about the secondary carbon footprint?A It is related to our consumption of fuels.B. It is made when we are buying the products.C. It is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint.D. It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.6. Which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author?A. Using second-hand textbooks.C. Buying new but cheap clothes.B. Using old and expensive cars.D. Buying new wooden furniture.7. "The footprint" underlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2 produced in _.A. using the productC. making the productB. recycling the productD. transporting the product【答案】4. D5. D6. A7. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者一直努力减少生活中的碳足迹，但是新型环保产品和使用过的传统生产的产品，哪一种更能减少碳足迹呢？作者通过研究和对比给我们找到了答案：他们各有千秋。【4 题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段中“Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices(幸运的是，现在更容易选择环保的生活方式)”以及困扰作者的一个问题“is it better to buy new eco-friendly productsor used traditionally produced ones?(新型环保产品，使用过的传统生产的产品，选择哪一种更好？) ”再根据第二段一整段的内容，作者通过研究得出答案，有些时候是新型环保产品好，有时候是另一种更好。文章接下来的段落就是分析了作者这个答案是怎样找到的。由此可知，文章主要是关于怎样选择更环保的生活方式的。故选 D。【5 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the wholelifecycle of products we use-those related to their production and breakdown.( 第二种足迹是表示我们使用的产品在整个生命周期中间接排放的二氧化碳，这些是和他们的生产和排放有关的) ”可知，第二种碳足迹虽然 不是我们直接产生的，但是也是我们使用的产品释放出来的，也是要归结到我们身上的。故选D。【6 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Things like dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the “secondary footprint” group,so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production.”可知，像盘子，衣服和家具这样的物品是属于 “第二类型的足迹”，所以是越少越好，我们应该注重寻找用过的物品来避免额外的生产。二手书是属于和衣服等可以二次使用的物品，符合题意。故选A。【7 题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of newproducts and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.(主要的问题是这些投入在制造新产品时的能源以及这种额外的碳是否值得它到你手里以后，所产生的碳足迹) ”可知，footprint 在其后定语从句 the product will make once it gets to you充当 make 的宾语，意思是“这种碳足迹就是产品到你手里之后，你使用中所产生的”。由此推知，划线词组the footprint 指的是“产品使用过程中产生的二氧化碳”。故选 A。CMagic is a form of entertainment that is based on pretending to do things that are impossible. The magician is aspecially trained actor. He tries to make the audience believe that he has the power to do things which are against thelaws of nature.Magic shows are entertaining as long as the audience does not discover how the tricks are done. The magicianusually depends on his skill with his hands, on his knowledge of psychology, and, sometimes, on mechanicaldevices(机械装置). Since magic performance is meant to trick people, the use of psychology is important. Themagician must keep people from noticing all the movements of his hands and from thinking about the secret parts ofhis equipment. He must also lead the audience to draw false conclusions. The magician's success depends on the factthat many things seen by the eye are not the things that matter.Two basic magic tricks are making objects seem to appear and making objects seem to disappear. A combinationof these two tricks makes for some interesting effects. For example, the magician puts a small ball under one ofseveral cups. The ball then seems to jump from one cup to another or to change colour. What actually happens is thatthe magician, employing quick hand movements or a mechanical device, hides one ball. While doing this he talks tothe audience and waves a brightly coloured cloth with one hand. The audience is too busy watching the cloth andlistening to the magician's words to notice that his other hand is hiding the ball.Another favourite trick is to cut or burn something, and then make it appear whole again. What actually happensis that the magician makes the cut or burned object disappear by quickly hiding it while the audience watches something else. Then he “magically” makes it appear whole again by displaying(展示)another object that has notbeen cut or burned.8. What is the author's main purpose in writing the text?A. To promote a magic show.C. To explain the art of magic.B. To teach people to be magicians.D. To praise the talents of magicians.9. Which of the following is important for a successful magic trick?A. Moving stage equipment.C. Applying high technology.B. Directing the audience's attention.D. Keeping the performance in secret.10. What does the author focus on in the last two paragraphs?A. Providing examples.B. Making a summary.C. Drawing comparisons.D. Explaining a concept.11. What can we infer from the text?A. Mechanical devices are expensive.C. It takes practice to perform magic.B. Most magicians employ assistants.D. Small objects are magicians' favourite.【答案】8. C9. D10. A11. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些魔术师表演的细节以及有关魔术的小技巧。【8 题详解】目的意图题。通过对文章主旨大意的理解以及文章最后两端讲述的魔术技巧，可知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是解释魔法的艺术。故选 C 项。【9 题详解】细节理解题。通过第二段“Magic shows are entertaining as long as the audience does not discover how the tricks aredone.（只要观众不知道魔术是如何表演的，魔术表演就很有趣。）”以及“The magician must keep people fromnoticing all the movements of his hands and from thinking about the secret parts of his equipment.（魔术师必须防止人们注意到他的手的所有动作和思考他的设备的秘密部分。）”可知，对演出保密对于魔术的成功很重要。故选 D 项。【10 题详解】推理判断题。通过倒数第二段“For example the magician puts a small ball under one of several cups. The ball thenseems to jump from one cup to another or to change colour.(例如，魔术师把一个小球放在几个杯子中的一个下面。然后球似乎从一个杯子跳到另一个杯子或改变颜色 )”以及最后一段 “What actually happens is that themagician makes the cut or burned object disappear by quickly hiding it while the audience watches something else.(实际发生的是，魔术师通过在观众观看其他东西时迅速隐藏它，使被切割或烧毁的物体消失 )”可以推知，在文章最后两段中，作者举了两个例子。故选A 项。【11 题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“The magician is a specially trained actor.( 魔术师是受过专门训练的演员)”可推知，表演魔术需要练习。故选 C 项。DThe average bear, it seems, is getting ever smarter. First, it turned out that at least one can use a comb. Now itappears that some can count, too.Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set threeAmerican black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots(点)on acomputer screen. In return for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with hisnose. The others, Bella and Dusty, would touch the screen with their claws(爪子).As the researchers report in Animal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots