Unit 1 要词 好语 精句讲义-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册.docx

选择性必修2 Unit1 The mass mediaReading : Be a critical news reader10 JulyFirefighters put out tower block fireFirefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services.Fire engines and ambulances called at 9:30 p.m.reached the scene within 15 minutes. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m.There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.1. put outsnuff outdouse2. trapentrapensnare3. according to figures released by emergency services根据应急服务机构公布的数据4. extend to延伸5. under control在控制之下6. there is concern that有人担心I1 JulyLocal newsA2Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damageA terrible fire broke out on Sunday night leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged. Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9.By this morning,4 people have been confirmed dead.The fire has also left dozens of people injured of whom are in a critical condition. Lisa Maver, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries. She recalled, “I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. I looked outside and the smoke was choking me.It was like an awful dream."Mr Peterson. head of the fire service.confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster.A team is currently investigating the accident further.7. estimatereckonassess8. in a critical condition情况严重9. suffer minor injuries受轻伤10. people screaming and dogs barking人们尖叫声和狗叫声11. a dropped cigarette地上的香烟12. the automatic fire alarms自动报警器13. go off blow upexplode14. disastertragedyadversity15. currently presentlyat present16. investigate examinelook intoReading news reports criticallyWe rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us.However, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. How do these differences come about?17. rely ondepend oncount on18. containcovercomprise19. contradictory information相反的信息20. come abouthappenoccurIt is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities,which would influence how they report an event.Lets take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example.We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts,while the second talks more about deaths and injuries. When we read more than one report, we come to understand an event in a more comprehensive way.21. It is advisable to remember that最好记住22. different priorities不同的重点23. in a more comprehensive way更加全面地Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details. as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.For instance,the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire.When we come across such factual differences,we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information.Instead,check when the reports were written. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light.Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Suppose emergency services estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9. Journalists may choose to present the minimum, the maximum or something in between in their news reports.Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion.24. from basically the same perspective视角基本一致25. in terms of 关于，涉及26. complicatedcomplexintricate27. conclusiondeductionassumption28. new facts are brought to light事实被披露29. different sources不同来源30. draw a more informed conclusion得出更加明智的结论To sum up, it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read.Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.31. to sum up总而言之32. from various perspectives and at different stages从不同视角及不同的阶段33. accurate understanding准确的理解34. criticalcrucialessential35. to blindly trust盲目地相信36. be committed to致力于37. entirelycompletelytotally38. discriminationbiasprejudice39. potentialpossibilityaptitudeGrammar UsageJoseph Pulitzer was born on April 10, 1847, in Hungary. He moved to America and became an American citizen in the 1860s.He had a number of different jobs after he moved to America.He regularly visited the library and studied English and lawby then he had learned very little English.While in the library one day,he began chatting to two editors of a German-language newspaper.They offered him a job.Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and by the age of 25 he had become a publisher. In 1878,he founded the newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch. Pulitzer worked tirelessly,from early in the morning until midnight.His paper published articles about politics and social issues accusing government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes.Sales of the newspaper shot up. In 1883,Pulitzer bought the New York World.He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up until it was the bestselling newspaper in the countryPulitzer was the first to advocate the training of journalists at university level In 1892.he offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism. Of this decision he said,“I am deeply interested in the progress and elevation of journalism regarding it as a noble profession and one of unequaled importance for its influence upon the minds and morals of the people."Pulitzer died in 1911. One year after his death,the Columbia School of Journalism was established. Six years after his death the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded.40. a number of 许多41. tirelesslyuntiringlydiligently42. accusing ofcharge with43. elevation of journalism新闻学的提升44. shoot upincrease45. advocaterecommendurge46. a noble profession高尚的职业47. unequaled importance无比重要48. establishfoundstartAdvertising:the power of persuasionIn just one day a person can see hundreds of marketing messages. Advertising has become part of modern life.But what is advertising exactly? In short, it refers to the activity of promoting a product or service.In other words, it tries to persuade people to buy a product or service.49. in shortin briefin a word50. in other wordsnamely51. promoteadvanceupgrade52. persuade encourageinduceThe history of advertising has always been closely linked with that of the mass media. From the ancient simple advertisements painted on outdoor signs to the colourful, interactive ones in smartphone apps, advertising and the mass media have developed hand in hand. As media channels have grown in number and type,so have advertisements.Because the mass media reaches so many people, it is a perfect vehicle for advertisers. If an advertisement is placed on a popular website or on TV at peak times, a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising. In addition to making people aware of a product or service a successful advertisement will also create a desire to buy thus boosting business.That is why when a company wants to promote a product or service, it often launches a mass media advertising campaign.53. been closely linked with54. interactive collaborativecooperative55. at peak times在高峰期56. Be aware of知道57. boost enhanceimprove58. launchdispatchsend offBased on the psychology behind creating a desire to buy advertisers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. A common technique to make an impact is to create a memorable slogan.Slogans use simple but impressive language to make us remember the product or service being advertised. Some of these slogans may also appeal to our emotions.For example a slogan may connect a fine china teapot it aims to promote with our pride in having good taste.You will hear a variety of slogans anytime you watch TV.Think about your favourite one.What makes it special? And what message does it try to get across? A slogan which communicates an idea effectively can boost sales and even become part of popular culture.That is the power of memorable slogans.59. purchasepay for60. a memorable slogan令人难忘的广告词61. impressive language令人印象深刻的语言62. appeal tocall on63. a variety of各种各样的Another technique advertisers often employ is to link their company or product to a“brand ambassador"a famous actor a sports star or even a fictional character. Think of a popular fast-food restaurant.Does it have a brand ambassador? Is the brand ambassador popular among potential customers?The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.64. employutilizeapply65. a fictional character虚拟的人物66. The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.Of course, some advertisements are not so obvious: product placement is typically used in films with huge box-office success and TV shows with high ratings.Some films are now sponsored by leading brands so that only their products appear in the films,like the watches worn by the title character in the James Bond films. Other types of mass media use product placement too,including video games.It is not uncommon for sports video game series to feature different in-game equipment with real brand names.We absorb these marketing messages without thinking about them too much,yet they will probably have an effect on us the next time we go shopping.67. product placement广告植入68. box-office票房69. sponsorsupport70. absorbengageIn the past, advertising was all about reaching as many people as possible with the same message. Now, advertising is becoming more digital and more personalized. Already we may see online advertisements for products or services we have previously searched for on the Internet,and we are very likely to receive special discounts and promotions targeted specifically at us. In the future,advertising will be even more about understanding individual customers and sending them advertisements that are tailored to specific needs. Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in,but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales.71. more digital and more personalized更加的数字化和个性化72. previouslyformerlybeforehand73. efficientlycompetentlyproficiently学科网（北京）股份有限公司