Unit 2 要词 好语 精句讲义-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册.docx

选择性必修2 Unit2 Sports CultureReading : The Olympic GamesEvery four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship,solidarity, and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best.This is the Olympicsan extraordinary sporting event that was first celebrated about 3,000 years ago.1. Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship,solidarity, and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best.This is the Olympicsan extraordinary sporting event that was first celebrated about 3,000 years ago.每隔四年，成千上万训练有素，极具天赋的运动员们承着友谊，团结，公平竞争的奥林匹克精神聚集在一起，准备挑战自己的能力，成为世界公认的精英中的精英。这就是奥林匹克运动会一项非凡的体育赛事，首次举办于大约3000年前。The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE.During the early Games only Greek men were allowed to participate.They competed in such events as boxing,running and the long jump.The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 centuries until they eventually died out around the year 393.2. participatejoinattendtake part in3. die outvanishdisappearcut outMore than 1,500 years later,however, the Games rose again.The modern Olympics were first held in 1896,in Athens.It was a Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life.His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace. For over a century, people from diverse backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertins dream.Motivated by the Olympic motto“Faster,Higher,Stronger"many well-known athletes, both male and female,have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.4. bring the Olympics back to life使奥运会重新焕发生机5. different racial origins 不同种族6. diverse backgrounds 不同背景7. made joint efforts to 共同努力8. motivate driveprompt9. devote oneself to献身于10. sporting excellence运动的杰出成就11. boundarylimitmarginOne such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay.He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics,when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.Afterwards, this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964 and later changed his name to the one we all know-Muhammad Ali.He returned to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony. By the time he died in 2016, Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest boxers of all time.12. come to public attention进入公众的视野13. proceedcarry onadvanceAnother sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.Her storyis a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion can lead to sporting excellence.A former track and field athlete from the UK she won an Olympic gold medal in her home country in 2012. As if that were not enough she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.14. applaudclappraise15. a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion can lead to sporting excellence在一项运动中的努力和投入能让你出类拔萃的极佳例证。16. track and field 田径17. revealexposeuncover18. consistent good performance 持续优异的表现The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan“One World, One Dream".In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time,China also ranked first in the medal table. This success is truly remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before, at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics Xu Haifeng won our country's first-ever gold medal. Since then the upward trend for Chinese sport has been unstoppable. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the mens 110-metre hurdles while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, the Chinese womens volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final. The year 2022 will be another historic moment for China as Beijing won the election to host the Winter Olympics.19. call onappeal toadvocate20. the upward trend上升趋势21. unstoppableirresistibleoverwhelming22. a hard-fought victory艰苦的胜利The Olympic Games bring joy and excitement to people across the world.As Coubertin believed,“With the Olympic Games each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living,its faith in the future its ambition and its will to ascend."23. With the Olympic Games each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living,its faith in the future its ambition and its will to ascend.有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都在庆祝它的到来，庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦，庆祝它对未来的信念，庆祝它的雄心壮志及向上的意志。Grammar Usage My heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place to rest my tired body. My cheeks were red,and I could hear myself breathing heavily as I looked up at the blue sky.When my breathing returned to normally reflected on what had just been achieved. Six weeks ago. my friends told me that a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized to help raise money for charity and encouraged me to take part.Despite my lack of running experience, I agreed.In order not to hurt my knees or ankles,I started my training very gently by running just one kilometre on the first day.Over the next six weeks,I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training session and also made sure to allow my body enough time to rest and recover after each run.Soon I was running distances I had never thought possible. The day of the half-marathon finally arrived and I felt well prepared.I ate a hearty breakfast so I knew I could get through to the end.I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.I was happy to learn that a lot of money had been raised for charity. I felt really proud of myself, and my friends and I agreed to run in the next city marathon!24. My heart was beating rapidly in my chest 我心跳得很快25. a shady place 阴凉处26. a hearty breakfast轻松而愉悦的早餐Extended Reading: Sports idiomsEvery language has its idioms,which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words.Idioms make language more colourful and expressive. since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life. there are lots o sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.Let's take a look at some of them!27. expressivecommunicativeanimated28. an inseparable part of day-to-day life日常生活中不可分割的部分FootballFootball (or soccer, as it is called in the USA) is one of the most popular sports in the world and many countries have their own football leagues. The English language is full of idioms which arethought to have come from football.As you know,in a football match players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing teamsgoal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.Can you imagine that every time you have a chance to score, the goalposts are moved? That would be not only difficult,but also upsetting.If someone“moves the goalposts in everyday life, it means they unfairly change the rules or requirements for something. An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target higher,could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.Thankfully, goalposts do not really move-but when a player scores an own goal, he or she might wish they did. “Scoring an own goal"in football means accidentally kicking or heading the ball into one's own net and it is one of the worst things that can happen to a football player. If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a decision which backfires terribly!29. the opposing teams对抗的球队30. fixed immovableimmobile31. “moves the goalposts移动门柱means they unfairly change the rules or requirements for something.32. An insurance salesman一个保险推销员33. annual yearly34. complainprotestcriticize35. Scoring an own goal进乌龙球If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal.36. accidentallyunintentionallyinadvertentlyBaseballBaseball is an old and popular sport that has given the English language many different idioms.You might have heard expressions like “in the ballpark" or “a ballpark estimate”. The venue where a baseball game is played is called a ballpark. So, even if we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game, we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark. For this reason, people use the expression“in the ballpark" or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates. 37. in the ballpark/a ballpark estimate差不多/大致估计38. assumesupposepresumeAnother common baseball expression is“throwing someone a curveball”. Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air and these are of course difficult for the other team to handle. We use this expression to describe things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to. “Three strikes and you are out" is another idiom that comes from baseball. As it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter (the person with the baseball bat in his or her hands) is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances.39. throwing someone a curve ball出难题40. handledeal withtackle41. Three strikes and you are out三振出局BoxingEnglish also has a large number of idioms connected with boxing, which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.A boxer is not allowed to use his or her fists to hit the opponent below the waist.Hence comes the idiom “below the belt". In day-to-day life,if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark, we can describe it as“below the belt".42. Opponentrivalchallenger43. below the belt做不公正伤人的事情“Throwing in the towel" is another common idiom that comes from boxing. When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own. the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. In everyday life, this idiom simply means admitting defeat and giving up.44. Throwing in the towel认输45. literally plainlySport is challenging and so is life.However, when you are thrown a curve ball,do not throw in the towel-work hard be careful not to score an own goal and you are sure to make it!46. Sport is challenging and so is life.However, when you are thrown a curve ball,do not throw in the towel-work hard be careful not to score an own goal and you are sure to make it!体育是具有挑战性的，学英语也一样。当你遇到出人意料的事情的时候，不要认输。努力-千万别闹乌龙，你一定能获得成功。学科网（北京）股份有限公司