Unit 3 要词 好语 精句讲义-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册.docx

选择性必修2 Unit3 Fit for lifeReading :The Future is in our genesGood afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you all for coming to this lecture. Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments but none are as game-changing as genome editing.I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today.1. Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments but none are as game-changing as genome editing.在我的职业生涯中，我见证过很多的科学发展，但是没有一项如基因编码一样的颠覆性。2. Be full of excitement 非常兴奋3. scientific advance科学进步As many of you may already know, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes. The complete set of genes inside a cell or a living being is called a genome.Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. Some people, for example, carry a gene that makes them more likely to catch a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer.4. play a critical role in起到至关重要的作用5. our chances of contracting certain diseases我们罹患某种疾病的概率Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. It allows geneticists to make changes to the genome by correcting,adding,deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material.In the near future, geneticists hope to apply this technology to treat a wide range of health problems. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind persons vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearingUltimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.Genome editing serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care.6. an effective means有效手段7. It allows geneticists to make changes to the genome by correcting,adding,deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material.基因编辑使得遗传学家能够通过修正，嵌入，移除或是替换基因材料的特定部分，改变基因组。8. restorerepairrebuildreestablish9. Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修复异常基因来预防疾病。10. a fundamental change根本的改变As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace,however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately. Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases? Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies? One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster,to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born,creating what some have called“designer babies".However,is this a good thing? What consequences might it have?Philosophers, geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild.This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.Without them,genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.11. at a fast pace快速地12. prohibitforbidbandisallow13. the human resistance to colds人们对寒冷的抵御14. wrestle with努力应对解决15. figure out 清楚，明白There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing. Despite the public argument over this technology, its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond Without doubt,genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. Thank you for listening.Grammar UsageAfter I lost my right hand in a car accident two years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, believing I would never be able to lead a normal life again.I was equipped with an artificial hand,but it did not feel like part of me.Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult.Three months ago,however,all that changed when I was given the chance to test a new robotic hand.16. withdraw into myself我不与人交往17. Be equipped with装备有18. unbelievably incrediblyastoundinglyScientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years and their work on robotic limbs has really changed my life.With my new hand I can move my individual fingers and hold on to small things like pens and pencils. More amazingly my robotic hand is capable of feeling varying degrees of pressure, just like a real hand. In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber used on the outside.19. robotic limbs机械腿20. my individual fingers我个人的手指21. be capable of 能够Over the past three months I have been testing out the limits of what I can do with my new hand and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I had enjoyed before my accident.For example,I have been cooking for my family again since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I have also become more confident and outgoing. Im so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.Extended Reading: Acupuncture:magic needlesOne of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is the art of“magic needles" or Chinese acupuncture.It was developed long ago, perhaps as early as 2000 BCE. There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.22. Chinese acupuncture针灸23. There is evidence that 有证据显示As acupuncture developed the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles. Eventually, metal needles began to appear and took the place of stone needles. These solid needles are made of different metals such as gold and silver.Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles,but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones. In addition to the changes in material the shapes of the needles have also changed over time.Originally, there were nine different kinds of needles with variations in shape.Nowadays, the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres in length are still used, while most of the others have been replaced by more complex medical instruments.24. take the place of取代25. stainless steel ones不锈钢的针26. the fine sharp needles又尖又细的针So what happens during a visit to the acupuncture clinic? First, the acupuncturist examines the patient,looking at the patients skin and tongue listening to the sound of his or her voice and breathing and smelling his or her breath.Then the acupuncturist asks some questions about the patients condition and feels his or her pulse. This is a particularly important step according to the energy theory behind acupuncture. The acupuncturist can check the pulse in three positions on each wrist, and every one of them is connected with a major body organ.By checking all the positions, the acupuncturist can find out which energy channel does not have enough energy.27. The acupuncturist can check the pulse in three positions on each wrist, and every one of them is connected with a major body organ.By checking all the positions, the acupuncturist can find out which energy channel does not have enough energy.针灸师能在每个手腕的三个部分检查脉象，每一处都对应身体的主要器官。检查完所有的部位后，针灸师便知道哪条经络的能量比较弱。According to the results of the check-up the acupuncturist then selects certain points on the body called acupuncture points.Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated.Up to now more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body. Sometimes the needles are pushed into points near the body part affected by a disease, and sometimes into points that are not so close to it.Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of health problems, including severe pains,blood pressure issues, stomach discomfort,sports injuries and weight problems. And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems-acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, tobacco or drugs.28. a wide variety of health problems各种各样的健康问题29. severe pains,blood pressure issues, stomach discomfort,sports injuries 剧烈疼痛，血压问题，肠胃不适或是运动损伤30. abuse alcohol, tobacco or drugs嗜酒，嗜烟或是吸毒人群How acupuncture actually works is not clearly understood.For example, there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain,but no agreement has been reached. One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain.Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of a substance in the body which can reduce pain.31. One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain.Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of a substance in the body which can reduce pain.一种说法是针灸阻挡了痛感信号向大脑的传导。另一种理论是针灸产生了某种镇痛作用的物质。Despite the uncertainty about its medical basis acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment. As a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture spread to many other Asian countries such as Japan as early as the 6th century. It was introduced to the West around the 16th century. In 2010 acupuncture was included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List.Today acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world.The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as a good treatment for over 100 medical problems.While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared, interest continues to grow.32. uncertainty doubtsuspicion33. As a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture spread to many other Asian countries such as Japan as early as the 6th century. 作为传统中医中的一项独特贡献，针灸传播到了亚洲许多国家，早在六世纪针灸就传到了日本。34. intangible Cultural Heritage List.非物质文化遗产名录学科网（北京）股份有限公司