Unit 2 Let's celebrate! 单元语法（情态动词的用法总结）讲义--高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册.docx

Unit 2 Let's celebrate!-单元语法（情态动词的用法+总结）情态动词的用法情态动词动词原形（一）can动词原形：1用于肯定句，表示客观可能性，意为“可能”。-As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.-作为人类，任何人都有可能犯错。2用于否定句或疑问句，表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测。-He cant have a lot of money.-他不可能有很多钱。-There's someone outside-who can it be?-外面有人，会是谁呢？（二）may动词原形：表示主观的推测，意为“或许”，用于肯定句和否定句均可。-He may be very busy now.-他现在可能很忙。-He may not be at home.-他可能不在家。（三）might动词原形：表示推测，意为“可能”，可以指过去的情况，也可以指现在的情况，但语气比may更加不肯定。用于肯定句或否定句均可。-They might have a lot of work to do now but I'm not sure. -他们现在可能有很多活儿要干，不过我不确定。-She was afraid they might not like the idea.-她担心他们可能不喜欢这个想法。（四）could动词原形意为“可能”，可以指过去的情况，也可以指现在的情况，语气缓和。多用于否定句或疑问句。-He looks young. He couldn't be over 50.-他看起来很年轻，不可能超过50岁。-Could it be true？-那可能是真的吗？（五）must动词原形表示猜测，意为“准是，一定”，通常用于肯定句。-This must be your room.-这一定是你的房间。-Look at his new car. He must have a lot of money.- 瞧他那辆新车。他肯定很有钱。情态动词完成式（一）must完成式：表示对已发生情况的推测，通常用于肯定句。-It must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy.- 昨晚一定下雨了，因为路很泥泞。（二）can+完成式：表示对已发生情况的推测，主要用于否定句或疑问句。· You cant have forgotten her.-你不可能已经忘记她了。· There's nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? -到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？（三）could完成式：表示对过去情况的推测，多用于否定句或疑问句。· He could not have been more than 16 at that time. -他当时不可能超过16岁。-Could she have forgotten my address？-她会忘记我的地址吗？（四）maymight完成式：表示对已发生事情的不肯定的推测，might相比may 语气更加不肯定。-He maymight have come by train.-他可能是坐火车来的。单元语法习题练习（一）用方框内情态动词或含情态动词的结构并结合括号内所给词填空：can, can't do, may/might do, may not do, must do,must have done , can't have done, may/might have done1.Someone_ (set) off fireworks last night， because the ground is full of ashes.2. In polar regions, people_ not see the sun for a long time.3.Tom_ (wear) that fancy dress. He is always shy.4.He_ (be) the editor. He's exactly like the one in this picture.5.He (finish) that novel. He has been busy taking care of his sick child recently.6.You_ (think) that decorating the building is a waste of cost, but I'm sure later you will be grateful you did it.7.That guy_ (be) Peter-he is in hospital.8.These students_ (read) my blog, but I'm not sure.答案：1.must have set2.can.3.may not wear4.must be5. can't have finished 6. may/might think7.can't be8. may/might have read（二）翻译句子：1他一定正在教室里做练习。（must be doing）_.2他不可能去了上海，刚才我还看见他了。（cant have done)_.3不要吃这些蘑菇，它们可能有毒。（could do）_.4他今天下午可能不来。（might do）_.5屋里很冷，他们一定把暖气关了。（must have done）_.6布朗先生一向准时。这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？(can do)_.答案：1. He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.2. He can't have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.3. Don't eat these mushrooms. They could be poisonous.4. He might not come this afternoon.5. It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.6. Mr. Brown is on time for everything. How can he be late for the opening ceremony?（三）语法填空：Tom was having class in the classroom when someone knocked at the door. “Who _1_it be? It 2be the headteacher, because he is attending a meeting. It_3_be my maths teacher.” He was lost in thought. When the door was opened, Tom found it was his mother.“You 4have something important, so you come here,” Tom said. “Yes. I can't find my keys, and I think last time you used them you may 5(misplace) them,” his mother said. Tom explained that it 6 be him, and she must 7(be)wrong.“ 8 it be Peter?” Tom asked. “No, Peter can't 9(take) my keys because his own are in his bag,” his mother answered. Suddenly, his mother said in excitement, “Oh, yes, they're in the bag! I have changed my bag, and they 10 be in the other bag.” They both laughed.答案：1.can/could 2.can't/couldn't3.may4.must5.have misplaced6.couldn't8.Can't/Couldn't7.have been9.have taken10.must学科网（北京）股份有限公司