英语中的暗喻.ppt

2.2.隐隐 喻喻METAPHORCompare:Habit may be likened to a cable;every day we weave a thread,and soon we cannot break it.习惯像缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不习惯像缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不久我们便扯不断了。久我们便扯不断了。Habit is a cable;every day we weave a thread,and soon we cannot break it.习惯是缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不习惯是缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不久我们便扯不断了。久我们便扯不断了。Metaphor,perhaps the most important figure of speech,points out resemblance but with no acknowledging word.(Britannica Book of English Usage)隐喻的表达形式隐喻的表达形式(1)名词型名词型 (noun metaphors)Time is money.Life is a journey.All the worlds a stage,and all the men and women merely players.(William Shakespeare)整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。霎时间，东西长安街成了喧腾的大海。霎时间，东西长安街成了喧腾的大海。（袁鹰：十月长安街）（袁鹰：十月长安街）At once，the Eastern and Western Changan Roads became roaring oceans.他是一本活词典他是一本活词典(百科全书百科全书)。He is a walking dictionaryencyclopedia.A silver plate(=The moon)is rising up in the sky.一个银盘在天边升起。一个银盘在天边升起。The human tide was rolling westward.(Dickens)人流向西涌去。人流向西涌去。The web of our life is of a mingled yarn,good and ill together.(Shakespeare)我们的生活是吉凶交织而成的网。我们的生活是吉凶交织而成的网。He 1ives in a palace of a house.他住在宫殿一般的房子里，他住在宫殿一般的房子里，The boat disappeared in a mountain of a wave.船在一般如山高的大浪中消失了。船在一般如山高的大浪中消失了。She was an angel of a wife.她是天仙般的妻子。她是天仙般的妻子。Ive got the devil of a toothache.我牙痛不堪。我牙痛不堪。He is a bag of wind.他只说不干。他只说不干。He is an old woman.他是个婆婆妈妈的人。他是个婆婆妈妈的人。He is an all-purpose basket.他是一个多面手。他是一个多面手。We had been singing all night in the tavern.Next morning I had a frog in the throat.我们在酒馆里唱了一整夜的歌，第二天早晨我们在酒馆里唱了一整夜的歌，第二天早晨我的嗓子就嘶哑了。我的嗓子就嘶哑了。(2)动词型动词型 (verb metaphors)The case snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U.S.history.这个案子像滚雪球似地，最终成了美国历这个案子像滚雪球似地，最终成了美国历史上最著名的审判之一。史上最著名的审判之一。The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.那男孩儿一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了那男孩儿一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了下去。下去。The boy is shooting up fast.这个小孩长得特快。这个小孩长得特快。Waves thundered against the rocks.水浪猛烈地拍打着岩岸。水浪猛烈地拍打着岩岸。The corridor was flooded with boys and girls.走廊里挤满了男女小孩。走廊里挤满了男女小孩。She melted dissolved into tears.她感动得流下眼泪。她感动得流下眼泪。Dont monkey with the new radio.不要乱动新收音机。不要乱动新收音机。Misfortune dogged him at every turn灾难老是折磨着他。灾难老是折磨着他。The long faced hijacker barked his orders.那个长脸的劫机者狂吠般地发号施令。那个长脸的劫机者狂吠般地发号施令。Everything was bathed in the golden sunlight.万物沐浴在金色的阳光下。万物沐浴在金色的阳光下。He tailed her into the cave.他尾随着她走进洞穴。他尾随着她走进洞穴。Exercise:I have been wrestling with this problem for half ah hour.我钻研这个问题已经半小时了。我钻研这个问题已经半小时了。The train steamed into the station.火车吐着气开进了车站。火车吐着气开进了车站。He needled his way through the crowd.他穿过人群。他穿过人群。(3)形容词型形容词型 (adjective metaphors)It is a thorny problemissuesubject.这是个棘手的问题这是个棘手的问题(题目题目)。The girl is a dead shot.这位姑娘是神枪手这位姑娘是神枪手!He loves a rosy cheek.他喜欢玫瑰色面颊他喜欢玫瑰色面颊。She has a photographic memory for detail.她对细节有照相机般的记忆力。她对细节有照相机般的记忆力。the golden agestormy applauseiron willa silver tonguea biting north wind黄金时代黄金时代雷鸣般的掌声雷鸣般的掌声钢铁般的意志钢铁般的意志流利的口才流利的口才刺骨的北风刺骨的北风Exercise:His speech touched off a stormy protest.他的演讲引起了强烈的抗议。他的演讲引起了强烈的抗议。We regard it as a burning shame to have lagged behind.我们把落后看成是奇耻大辱。我们把落后看成是奇耻大辱。他有着极好的机会。他有着极好的机会。He has a golden opportunity.(4)副词型副词型(adverbial metaphors)He flatly refused us.他坚决拒绝我们。他坚决拒绝我们。Time passed at a snails pace.They escaped by a hairs breadth.他们死里逃生。他们死里逃生。(5)谚语型谚语型 (proverbs serving as metaphors)Give him an inch and he will make a mile.得寸进尺。得寸进尺。Look before you leap.三思而后行。三思而后行。Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。趁热打铁。A bird in the hand is worth two in the bushwood.双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。Do not put the cart before the horse.勿将本末倒置。勿将本末倒置。Do not wash your dirty linen in public.家丑不可外扬。家丑不可外扬。Tomorrow is another(a new)day.重振旗鼓，东山再起。重振旗鼓，东山再起。A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。新官上任三把火。Every dog has itshis day.人人皆有得意时。人人皆有得意时。