名词性从句专题课件.ppt

LOGOHisjobisimportant.主主语语WhathedoesisimportantThisishisjob.表表语语ThisiswhathedoeseverydayIdontlikehisjob.宾语宾语IdontlikewhathedoeseverydayIdontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.同位同位语语Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。LOGOThefactisthatwehavelostthegame.表表语语从句从句Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.宾语宾语从句从句Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.同位同位语语从句从句Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.主主语语从句从句LOGO引导名词性从句的关联词引导名词性从句的关联词:从属连词从属连词(不作成分）不作成分）that,whether,if连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+ever连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）when,where,how,whyLOGOSubject Clauses主语从句主语从句:1.That he will succeed is certain.2.Whether he will go there is not known.3.What he said is not true.4.Where he hid the money is to be found out.5.Whoever comes is welcome.LOGO1)主语从句一律用主语从句一律用陈述句语序陈述句语序,即主语在前即主语在前,谓语在后谓语在后.例例:When will he come is not known.错错 When he will come is not known.对对2)连接词连接词that在从句中无实际意义在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略但不能省略.例例:He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.错错That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.对对注意点注意点LOGO3)whoever,whatever,whichever等等词词可以引可以引导导主主语语从句从句,但但nomatterwho,nomatterwhat等不能等不能.(whoever=thepersonwho)Whoeverbreakstheschoolrulesmustbepunished.【Whoeverbreakstheschoolsrules】,hemustbepunished.【No matter whobreakstheschoolrules】,hemustbepunished.让让步状步状语语从句从句1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._hastakenawaymybagisunknown.WhateverWhatWhoLOGO4)it作形式主语作形式主语(主从主从)：it 作形式主语作形式主语1.他犯了那他犯了那样样一个一个错误错误真是真是遗遗憾。憾。_isapity.2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesntmatter.ThathemadesuchamistakeWhetherhewillcomeornotItisapitythathemadesuchamistake.Itdoesntmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot.LOGO1.【12全国全国】Itisbynomeansclear_thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what2.【12山山东东】Itdoesntmatter_youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why3.【11北京卷北京卷】_BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom挑战高考挑战高考LOGOObjectClause宾语宾语从句从句:1.Iwondered_youweresoangry.2.Italldependson_theywillsupportus.3.Icantimagine_madehimactlikethat.4.Imdelighted_Ihavepassedtheexam.5.Ifinditnecessary_weshoulddothehomework.whywhether what thatthatLOGO注意点注意点:1)宾语宾语从句一律用从句一律用陈陈述句述句的的语语序序.2)that在在宾语宾语从句中的省略与保留从句中的省略与保留1.有有it做形式做形式宾语时宾语时，that不省略不省略.例例:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.2.宾语宾语从句中有两个或以上从句中有两个或以上that时时,第一个第一个that可省略可省略.例例:Hetoldme(that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.注意注意4：that/what的辨用的辨用1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.4.Hetoldus_hefeltill.5.Theresultis_wewonthegame.6.Thisis_wewanttoknow.7.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.8.Thefact_sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.WhatThatwhatwhatwhatthatthatthatRules1.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用接作用2.what起连接作用起连接作用,在名词性从句中做在名词性从句中做从句的从句的主、主、宾、表。宾、表。注意注意5：whether与与if的辨用的辨用1._itistrueremainsaproblem.2.Itremainsaproblem_itistrue.3.Heasked_Marywouldattendtheceremony.4.Itdependson_wehavegotenoughmoney.5.Thequestionis_youshouldacceptit.6.Thequestion_hellattendthemeetingisimportant.7.Ididntknow_tolaughortocry.8.Idontknow_itisrightornot.Rules1.在前置主语从句、表、同从句和跟在在前置主语从句、表、同从句和跟在介词介词介词介词后面的后面的宾语从句中，表宾语从句中，表“是否是否”，只能只能用用whether；2.在在whether or not 和和whether to do 中中whether 不不能能换成换成ifWhetherwhether/ifwhether/ifwhether whetherwhether whetherwhetherLOGO6）it作形式作形式宾语宾语1)make/find/feel/consider/think/like/hate/dependon/appreciate+it+adj/n+todo或或that从句从句Ithinkitimpossibletowalkthroughthedoor.2)it指代后面从句所叙述的内容指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用常用like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if或或when从句从句IhateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabledLOGO挑战高考挑战高考1)【12福建福建】Wepromise_attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemovie-star.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever2)【12四川四川】Scientistsstudy_humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.A.whenB.howC.thatD.whether3).【12陕西陕西】Asmanyfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_suitsyoubest.AwhateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.whereverLOGOPredicativeClause表表语语从句从句:Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)buyabigcomputer.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.LOGO注意点注意点:1.表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后放在系动词之后,一般结构是一般结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从句表语从句”。接表语从句的系动词有接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem,prove.2.表语从句一律用表语从句一律用陈述句陈述句的语序的语序.3.表语从句表语从句只能用只能用whether,而不能用而不能用if 引导引导.LOGO4.引导表语从句表原因，引导表语从句表原因，应使用应使用Thereasonisthat或或This/it/that/isbecause例如例如:今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多.误误:Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisbecausethattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.正正:Thereasonwhyhewaslatethismorningisthattherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.或或:Hewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecausetherewasalotoftrafficontheroad.LOGO挑战高考挑战高考1【11山东】Iamafraidhesmoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis_heneverfinishesanything.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why2【11陕西】Idliketostartmyownbusinessthats_IddoifIhadthemoneyA.whyB.whenC.whichD.whatLOGOAppositiveClause同位同位语语从句：从句：1）Thefactthathewaskilledmadeussurprised.2）Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.3）Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.4）Canyoufindtheanswertothequestionwhatwaswrongwiththecomputer?5）Hemadeasuggestionthatwe(should)readsomeoriginalEnglishliteratureworks.LOGO1.1.同位语从句的引导词同位语从句的引导词:that,whether,how,when,where,why等。等。同位语从句的同位语从句的先行词先行词多为：多为：idea,fact,news,belief,thought,doubt,suggestion;proof,message,order,conclusion,desire,theory,truth,word 等等.2.2.同位语从句和定语从句的同位语从句和定语从句的区别区别:1)如果如果that作成分作成分,则是则是定语从句定语从句；如果如果that不作任何成分不作任何成分,则是则是同位语从句同位语从句.2)连词连词that在同位语从句中在同位语从句中不可省略不可省略,而在定语从句中当而在定语从句中当它充当它充当宾语时可以省略宾语时可以省略。3)同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的具体说明具体说明，而定语从句是对前面名词而定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰，解释为进行修饰，解释为“.的的”LOGO判断：定语从句,同位语从句1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupof4partsisstillunknowntomanypeople.同位同位语语从句从句2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportiscoming.定定语语从句从句3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.同位同位语语从句从句4.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.定定语语从句从句5.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.同位同位语语从句从句LOGO同位同位语语从句的从句的简简易判断方法：易判断方法：我我们们可以在名可以在名词词和从句之和从句之间间加加be,使之构成一个使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎新句子，如果合乎逻辑逻辑，句子通，句子通顺顺，则则是同位是同位语语从句，定从句，定语语从句是不能用系表从句是不能用系表结结构把先行构把先行词词与从与从句句连连接起来的。接起来的。eg:3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.Thesuggestionis isthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.1.【12重重庆庆】Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy_childrensearlysleepingproblemlikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.A.whyB.howC.whetherD.that2.【12浙江浙江】Imadeapromisetomyself_thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how3.【10天津天津】Asanewgraduate,hedoesntknow_ittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.WhenD.which 高考链接高考链接同位语从句同位语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.名词性从句：主、名词性从句：主、宾、宾、表、同表、同 从句从句2.从句中用从句中用陈述语序陈述语序(what the matter/whats wrong 不变语序不变语序)3.that 在名词性从句中在名词性从句中均不做成分均不做成分，主、表、同，主、表、同、宾语从句中有形式宾语、宾语从句中有形式宾语it时，不能省略。时，不能省略。4.ever引导名词性从句，引导名词性从句，whatever=anything that,whoever=the person who(任何任何的人的人/事事)5.表表“是否是否”时，时，前置前置主语从句、表、同从句用主语从句、表、同从句用whether；介词之后用；介词之后用whether；or not/todo