2018年度长沙市中考.英语试卷.分析.doc

2018 年年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语英语知识运用（两部分，共知识运用（两部分，共 20 小题，计小题，计 20 分）分）第一节第一节 语法填空语法填空 从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。 （共（共 10 小题，每题小题，每题 1分，分， 计计 10 分）分）21-The weather report says it's going to have a shower this afternoon-It does？ We'd better_now， just in case （ ）Ato leave Bleaving Cleave解析：解析：C，考察句型，考察句型 had better do sth22-Is the man over there Adam？-It_be himHe has gone to Hong Kong on vacation （ ）Amust Bcan't Cmustn't解析：解析：B，can't 不可能，不可能，mustn't 禁止禁止23. -Do the twins look the same？-NoJane is_taller than Claire （ ）Alittle Bmore Ca little解析：解析：C，a little 表程度，可以修饰比较级表程度，可以修饰比较级 taller24. - How many apples can I have？-You can have two_are for Jim （ ）AThe others BOthers CThe other解析：解析：A，相当于，相当于 the other apples,剩下所有的苹果。剩下所有的苹果。25. You mustn't drive a car on the road_you get a driver's license （ ）Aunless Bif CSince解析：解析：A，除非。，除非。26-Mom， I bought us two tickets to the 2018 World Cup in Russia-Really？_pleasant surprise!（ ）AHow BWhat CWhat a解析：解析：C，感叹句，感叹句27British physicist Stephen Hawking， who_as the “smartest man alive“， passed away in England on March 14， 2018 （ ）Apraised Bwas praised Cwill be praised解析：解析：B，被动语态，被称为。，被动语态，被称为。28. As long as the whole of our society_trying， we will make our skies blue again （ ）Akeeps Bwill keep CKept解析：解析：A，整个社会，看作一个整体，谓语动词用第三人称单数。，整个社会，看作一个整体，谓语动词用第三人称单数。29. Kids， I hope you'll remember the good old days_we spent together in junior high though it's time to say goodbye （ ）Awho Bwhat CWhich解析：解析：C，定语从句。，定语从句。30. -Does anybody want to share_on Father's Day？-Guess what？ I'll write a poem for my dad （ ）Awhen will you shop Bwhat you will do Cwhere you will go解析：解析：B，宾语从句。，宾语从句。第二节第二节 词语填空词语填空 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出三个选项中选出最佳答案（共最佳答案（共 10 小题，共小题，共 10 分）分）When I was fifteen years old， I became very interested in shoppingAfter a while being just abuyer， I wanted to 31 somethingI had many things that I no longer needed at homeI knew with the help of my father I could make moneySo for months and months I 32 myself by selling things on my dad's bank account（账户） On July 18th， 2015， I made my own account and began to start my own 33 Things were going great and then I realized that selling things around the house wasn't 34 for me， so I decided to expand （拓展）my business by running a re-sale shopI went around to the yard sales and bought things at low prices and sold them at 35 prices to make moneyLast OctoberI went to a yard sale that was a little bit differentA lady had many nice thingsto sellI went up to her and had a 36 with herThrough the communication， I knew she was jobless at that moment and needed money to feed her familyI thought I could do it better and more quickly for herSo I made a decision to help her outShe looked at me for a while and then said 37 After that I took away some of her things and over the next month I made ￥1，500for her! When I gave her the money， she broke down into tears（眼泪） 38 I have never felt so 39 to help someone in my lifeI know my skills could be used to help those in need and that even one small act of kindness could 40 31Abuy Bsell CProduce解析：解析：B,根据下文，卖一些不再需要的东西。根据下文，卖一些不再需要的东西。32Aannoyed Benjoyed CPunished解析：解析：B,享受卖东西赚钱的过程。享受卖东西赚钱的过程。33Abusiness Bholiday CEducation解析：解析：A,开始自己的事业。开始自己的事业。34Afamiliar Bhelpful CEnough解析：解析：C,只卖家里的东西已不能得到满足。只卖家里的东西已不能得到满足。35Ahigher Blower CHalf解析：解析：A,以低价买入，以更高价格卖出。以低价买入，以更高价格卖出。36Acompetition Bfight CConversation解析：解析：C,根据后文重复出现的根据后文重复出现的 conversation。37Ano Byes CSorry解析：解析：B, 同意交易才有后面带走她的东西。同意交易才有后面带走她的东西。38Apeacefully Bregretfully CThankfully解析：解析：C,充满感激。充满感激。39Aworried Bstressed CPleased解析：解析：C, have never done sth 从未感到如此高兴。从未感到如此高兴。40Amake a difference Bmake a mess Cmake a mistake解析：解析：A,有影响。有影响。阅读技能（四部分，共阅读技能（四部分，共 24 小题，计小题，计 48 分）分）第一节第一节 图表理解图表理解 阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。题或完成句子。 （共（共 5 小题，计小题，计 10 分）分）A41The ticket price includes the following EXCEPT Adrinks Bsnacks Cfree Wi-Fi解析：解析：A,细节题。细节题。42From the poster（海报） above， we can know that Athe event ends at 10pmBthe event is just for the best playersCthe ticket online is cheaper than that at the door解析：解析：C,细节题。细节题。BNameJonathan SmithDate of birthFeb25，2001Place of birthNew York， NYthe USAContact（联系方式）Address： 37Greenfield Road， Sydney， AustraliaTelephone：0123186225689E-mail：jonathanmyspacecomEducationGED-12， including English and math Greenfield High School， Sydney， AustraliaWork experienceWaiter at Betty's Pizza Restaurant on Saturdays-9months； Volunteer as a judge （裁判） in Greenfield Nursery School sports meeting-3timesLanguagesEnglish-first languageChinese-second languageSkills and interestsSports， singing， drawing， traveling， gardening43According to the chart（图表） ， how old is Jonathan this year？A17 B27 C37解析：解析：A,细节题。细节题。44Where did Jonathan receive his high school education？AIn London BIn New York CIn Sydney解析：解析：C,细节题。细节题。45The chart tells us that AJonathan hasn't got any work experienceBJonathan knows two languages and loves lifeCJonathan can be contacted through WeChat messages解析：解析：B,细节题。细节题。第二节第二节 短文理解短文理解 阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。题或完成句子。 （共（共 10 小题，计小题，计 20 分）分）AAfter wandering （闲逛）around in the city for a long time， Tom finally found himself standing in front of the palaceHe looked through its golden gate， hoping to take a look at a real prince（王子） There were some guards（卫兵） standing at both sides of the gate Tom， dressed badly， was moving nervously past them when he suddenly caught sight of a well-dressed boy who was followed by several servantsHe was no doubt the prince！Tom was excitedHe wanted to get close to the prince and have a good look at himHowever， a guard saw him and stopped him rudely（粗鲁地） The young prince， whose name was Edward， was angry with the guard for his rudenessHe asked the guard to open the gate and took Tom to his room in the palaceThe two boys became good friendsThey even exchanged their clothes after Tom told Edward that he had dreamt about dressing like a prince， As they stood side by side in front of a great mirror， they were surprised to find that they looked almost like twins!The two boys were in each other's clothes when Edward suddenly noticed a bruise（淤伤） on Tom's handHe soon realized that it was caused by the guard who had stopped Tom rudelyIn a moment， the young prince ran out of the roomHe decided to punish the guardHowever， the guard didn't realize that the prince was in Tom's old worn clothesHe hit Edward heavily on the ear and threw him out of the palace46Why did Tom look through the gate of the palace？ATo talk with the guard BTo ask for a place to live in CTo have a look at a real prince解析：解析：C,第二段。第二段。47How did Tom feel while moving past the guards？ANervous BExcited CProud解析：解析：A,细节题第一段。细节题第一段。48When Tom was stopped， Edward got mad because of Athe bad manners of Tom Bthe strict rules of the palace Cthe rude behavior of the guard解析：解析：C,细节题第三段。细节题第三段。49Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？AEdward and Tom were twin brothersBEdward was kind， caring and friendlyCEdward was tired of living in the palace解析：解析：B,细节题。细节题。50. We can infer（推断） from the passage that Ablood is thicker than water Btwo heads are better than one Cnever judge people by their looks解析：解析：C,细节题。细节题。BElephants are the largest land animals alive todayAfrican elephants live in family groups called herds（群） All of the elephants in the herd take care of each otherThe leader of the herd is an old mother elephantShe is the matriarch （族长） A herd may have as few as eight or as many as 100elephantsThe other elephants follow the matriarch because she knows how to keep them safe from coming dangerElephants learn by watching and copying other elephants， and also learn from lifeBaby elephants stay with their mothers until they are fully grown at about ten years oldElephants live to be 50or 60years oldElephants are smart animals with long memoriesIn the dry season， a matriarch can remember where water was found in the pastThe herd will follow her thereShe can also remember the safest place for baby elephants to cross a fast-moving riverElephants talk to each other with rumbling soundsSome rumbling sounds are so low and deep that people are unable to hear themElephants hear sounds not only with their ears， but also with their feet， and even trunks （long noses of the elephants） They also greet each other by touching with their trunks and feetIf danger appears， mothers beat their ears to call their babies to themOther animals don't usually attack（攻击） elephantsHowever， a lion might try to attack a sick elephant or a babyIf this happens， the adult elephants circle around the baby elephantsThe adults make louder sounds and hit the ground with their trunksThe matriarch puts herself between the lion and the herdShe beats her ears out to make herself look even largerThen she lowers her herd and attacks the enemy（敌人） in a big cloud of dust（灰尘） 51According to Paragraph（段落） One， an elephant herd Ahas a father elephant as the leaderBowns a matriarch who keeps it away from dangerCalways has several leaders and hundreds of elephants解析：解析：B,细节题。细节题。52Long memories help elephants to Achoose their matriarch Bcommunicate with each other Cfind water and cross the river解析：解析：C,细节题。细节题。53What does the underlined word “rumbling“ mean？A低沉的 B尖细的 C高亢的解析：解析：A,细节题。细节题。54Why do the adult elephants circle around their babies？ATo keep their babies safe BTo welcome their friends CTo attack their enemies解析：解析：A,细节题。细节题。55The passage mainly tells us about Awhy the elephants live in herdsBwhat the elephants' living habits areChow the elephants avoid being attacked解析：解析：B,总结大意。总结大意。第三节第三节 语篇补全语篇补全 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 （共（共 4 小题，计小题，计 8 分）分）A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally， while a bad memory as something that cannot be changedIn fact， there is a lot that you can do to improve your memoryHere are some tips（贴士） for you56 We all remember the things we are interested in， and always forget the ones that bore usThis explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results easily but struggle（挣扎） with dates from their history lessons! Develop an active interest in what you want to rememberOne way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions-the more， the better! Repeat things in chunks（块）（块） Repeating things in chunks is the best way to remember things for a short time， for example， remembering a phone number for a few seconds57 The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember： 1492178919318483But look at them in “groups“ or “chunks“ repeatedly， and it becomes much easier： 1492 1789 19318483Invent a storyTo remember long lists， try inventing a story which includes all the things you want to rememberIn experiments， people were asked to remember up to 120words using this wayWhen they were tested later， they could remember about 90% of them58 Take physical exercisePhysical exercise is important for your memory， because it increases your heart rate（心率） and sends more oxygen（氧气） to your brain， and that makes your memory work better59 As we know， too much pressure is very bad for the memoryATake an interestBExercise also lowers stressCThe test result was really amazing!DAnother way to improve memory is to get enough restEGrouping numbers may help you to remember them第四节第四节 阅读表达阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题（共阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题（共 5 小题，计小题，计 10 分）分）In Hebei， there is a small village called YeliThrough the village，you can see green trees along the riverbankHowever， you can hardly imagine that， about 16years ago， this area was covered with rocks and weeds（杂草） The big change is all because of years of hard work by two best friends： Jia Haixia， who is blind， and Jia Wenqi， who has no armsThe two friends decided to plant trees to make a living back in 2002Although both are disabled， they learned to work together by becoming each other's eyes and handsWith little money to buy young trees， they had to collect and plant cuttings（插枝，插条） Every morning， they went to the riverbank togetherJia Wenqi walked in the front and Jia Haixia followed him by holding one of his friends empty sleeves （衣袖） After they arrived at the riverbank， Jia Haixia would climb on his friend's shoulders to get cuttings and Jia Wenqi would tell him which cuttings were the bestAfter that， they dug holes on the ground and watered the cuttings togetherThey planted 800trees in the first year， but only two survived （存活） They didn't give upInstead， they continued to plant more in the next few yearsThe riverbank is now home to over ten thousand treesToday， the two friends no longer need to make a living by planting trees， but they have no plans to stopThey aim to plant as many trees as possible in the area so as to protect the village from flooding （洪水）and to improve the local environment60Where did the story take place？61Could people see many green trees there 16years ago？62How did these two disabled men work together？（ No more than 12words）63How many trees are there along the riverbank nowadays？64What's the purpose of their planting trees now？写作技能（三部分，共写作技能（三部分，共 11 小题，共小题，共 32 分）分）第三节第三节 语篇翻译语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。 （共（共 5 小题，计小题，计 10 分）分）People have been trying to find out if homework is good or bad for school children， and they have different opinions65Some people think that homework is an important part of learning for studentsThey believe it not only enables children to practice what they have learned in class， but also helps improve their handwritingThey also say that homework helps teach children how to work on their own66Also， it's a skill which is useful to them in future lifeOthers disagree， though67他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力And the time spent on homework could have been used to do other activities like reading and playing sportsTo back up their opinion， they give the example of Finland（芬兰） 68在芬兰， 学生几乎没什么作业But the country remains one of the most educationally successful countries in the worldHere is my point of view（观点） on this matter69Whether the homework is good or bad depends on the purpose of itIf there is no clea