2022年高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全 .docx

精品_精品资料_高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全开篇练习 My son Joey was born withclubfeet.The doctorssaidthatwithtreatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years ofhis life was 1 in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn t know he hasa problem when you saw him 2 .Childreninour neighborhoodalways ran around 3 theirplay , andJoey would jump and ran and play, 4 . We never told him that he probably wouldnt be 5 torun like the other children. So he didnt know.In6 grade he decidedtojointheschoolrunningteam.Every day he trained.He ran more than any of the others, 7 only the top seven runners would be chosento run for the 8 . We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team,so he didn t know.He ran four to five mile every day - even when he had a fever. I was 9,so I went to 10 him after school. I found him running 11 . I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 .Two weeks later, the names of the team 13 were caked. Joey was number sixon the list.Joey had 14 the team. He was in seventhgrade - the othersixteam members were alleighthgraders.Wenevertoldhim he couldn tdo it so he didn tknow. He just 15 it.1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk3. A. after B. before C. during D. till 4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth7. A. so B. if C. then D. because8. A. neighborhood B. familyC. school D. grade9. A. excited B. tiredC. pleased D. worried10. A. think about B. hear fromC. agree with D. look for11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_12. A. riding B. walkingC. playing D. running13. A. jumpers B. runnersC. doctors D. teachers14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found15. A. did B. had C. left D. tookKeys： 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. B 14.C 15. D 一那么 , 到底怎样才能做好完型填空了.1、通读全文 , 明白大致第一将全文快速阅读一遍 , 对文章内容有一个粗略的明白.由于依据格式塔的心理学理论 , 我们在处理文字信息时 , 不需要听到或看到全部的信息内容 , 而是依据部分信息 , 就能懂得文章信息大意. 这就是编制完型填空的理论依据.2、抓关键词 , 启发思维在对全文有一个基本明白后 , 其次步要着手选词填空.选词的诀窍是找出关键词 , 使上下文能合理、通顺.近几年试题中的完型填空的四个选项的设置都有很强的干扰性 , 语法上都几乎正确 , 但从词义上或上下文中唯有一项为最正确挑选. 这时选词主要依据是上下文中供应的信息. 有时要选的正好是关键词.我们仍是依据该词所处的特定的语言环境, 认真推敲 , 就不难选出正确的词.3、难词斟酌 , 二次完成 近来的高考试题的完型填空的第一句不设空 , 就是为了供应同学一个背景或情形 , 便于同学读懂全文. 但同学在第一遍填词过程中 , 常常会遇到一些词怎么思索也辨论不出 , 好像都可以 , 这时切不行胡乱选一个词 , 由于选错一个词会影响后面一大片.我们不妨就临时空一下 , 连续往下做 , 或许后面有提示 , 即使没有任何提示或线索 , 我们也不急.在全文有把握并填好后 , 再读其次遍 , 由于全文已基本填好 , 供应信息会更多 , 原先模棱两可的词往往会迎刃而解.4、后期积存在每次做好完型填空后 , 有一项很重要的积存工作.即把已做好的完型填空原先做错部分认真讨论 , 认真摸索 : 为什么这一空我选错了 , 把上下文再读一遍 , 找出缘由 , 是文章没有看懂 , 仍是这个短语不熟识 , 假设是句子结构复 杂而没有看懂 , 那么就把这个句子记在笔记本上; 假设是短语或习惯用法不知道 , 也把这些记在笔记本上. 通过做练习学到一些东西 , 丰富自己的语言学问 , 水平就会越来越高.反之 , 做了练习 , 不做笔记 , 没有积存 , 就跟没做差不多.二下面详细谈谈解题技巧和方法.一、重视首句的开篇启示作用“完形填空”所采纳的短文一般不给标题, 考生无法借助标题推知全文大意, 但短文的首句通常是一个未被“掏空”的完整句子,这便是我们探究短文全貌的“窗口”. 考生应努力抓住首句或首段文句的提示意义,判定出文章的体裁, 快速估计全文的大意乃至主题. 这样才会感到思路通畅, 从而跨出正确解题的第一步.因此,我们决不能无视首句的提示作用.二、通读全文,快速明白全文大意每当遇到这种题型, 有些同学习惯于边读边填空, 或者干脆把文后 A 、B 、C 、 D 四个选项纳入短文空格一起“诵读”,急于求成.然而欲速就不达,结果往往是“只见树木,不见森林”.正确的做法是：依据守句给出的提示,通过规律思维,捕获文中关键词语的语义信息,借助连词以及具有连词作用的副词、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_代词、关系词、介词及插入语, 跳过一个又一个空格, 尽快把全文通读一至三遍, 快速把握全文大意.这样才完全有可能使整篇短文形成明晰的意义轮廓.三、先易后难,瞻前顾后在把握文章大意后, 先做最有把握最熟识的题目. 在没有弄懂第一个空所在句子的意义时,切忌慌着去做.这是由于在供应的挑选中, 往往有肯定的困惑性, 一旦思路误入歧路,就可能显现连锁反应,导致一连串的错选.因此,在遵循忠 于全文大意和主题的条件下, 通过上下文联系绽开规律推理. 这样答案随着懂得的深化自然的从脑海里涌现出来.对于难点要反复推敲,比较差异,依据意义、 语法和规律等方面来判定挑选,从而找出一个最适合题意的选项.四、复读全文,验证答案全部空格填满后,看文章是否贯穿流畅,内容清楚,主题突出.遇到疑义之处,应从意义和语法两角度权衡优劣,从而改正错误,补偿疏漏.以上所谈及解题技巧决不是“万能钥匙”,更代替不了你应当具有的学问和才能.因此要娴熟驾驭“完形填空”这一题必需做到：1 应常常阅读些短小的文章. 对各种体裁、 题材、风格的文章都有所涉猎, 以便培育语感和快速阅读才能.2 应留意积存材料,对于一些常用的短语、句型、习惯用法和词组的固定 搭配要娴熟把握.也要会分析句子, 能识别各种简洁句、并列句及复合句的结构.3 平常要留意抓住语言难点、语法要点,用足够的精力去弄通练透,特殊是简洁混淆的的方,肯定要引起留意.三“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查同学语法和词汇学问综合运用才能的典型题型.它结合了单项挑选题和短文填空的优点,既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、 动词时态、 句型结构、 复合句的关联和习惯用法等, 又考查了规律推理和事理推断才能.做“完型填空 ”题应遵循以下步骤：1、通读全文,明白大意做这类题目是, 第一应当把文章通读一遍,明白一下文章的大致内容.千万不要读一句填一句,由于 “完形填空 ”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立,但从全文看又不行取.A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.You may hear “ hotdog ”1 in other ways. People sometimes say “ hotdog ”to express 2 . Forexample, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say“ Great. I wou love to go.” Or, you could say,“ 4 . I would love to go.”People 5 use the expression to describe 描写 someone who is a“-sohfofw” , who tries to showeveryone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a“ hot dog” . He may be a baseball play for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a n 9 catch seem more difficult. You know heis a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows 鞠躬 to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .1. A. eatenB. usedC. cookedD. picked2. A. strengthB. practiceC. pleasureD. reply3. A. ifB. howC. whenD. where4. A. Hot dogB. Don t worry C. Never mindD. Excuse me5. A. everB. alsoC. stillD. yet可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6. A. hopefulB. carefulC. kindD. great7. A. a dogB. a landC. a personD. an action8. A. catchesB. playsC. passesD. throws9. A. hardB. funnyC. excitingD. easy10. A. thanksB. cheersC. medalsD. matches假如不看后面的文章内容,短文的第一个题所给第四个选项都可以填入空白处,不管是从语法的角度, 仍是从这个句子的意思完整的角度,都是能够站得住脚的. 但假如连续看完这一段短文之后, 你就会领会到, “hot dog 在”这里不是 “被吃 ”,“被做 ”,“被拿 ”,而是 “被使用 ”,只能选 used.有些同学一拿到 “完形填空 ”题,就着手去填, 填到最终, 才发觉所选答案语全文的意思不符, 不得不在从头开头.费时又费劲,仍不易做精确,这种方法是不行取的.2、瞻前顾后,逐步填空明白文章大意之后,就可逐步填空.一般来说,文章后面所给的挑选答案可分三类：一类是语法正确,而意思不对.另一类是意思正确,而语法错误.第三类是语法正确,意思也正 确.在挑选答案时,肯定要考虑到上下文的意思,仍要考虑到句子的结构,习惯用法,固定 搭配和词类的功能,尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又符合原文的意思.3、认真复查,适当调整填空全部做完以后, 应把短文从头到尾再读一遍,检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯,情节是否合理,语法结构是否正确.一般来说,假如意思连贯,情节合理,语法结构正确,就意味着选答没有问题. 假如发觉个别填空使文章文理不通,语法结构有问题, 就说明选答不正确.对这样的填空应当认真推敲,进行调整.怎样才能提高做完形填空的精确率了？那么,怎样才能提高做完形填空的精确率了？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维才能和解 题技巧：抓准主旨、 透析文意、 理清规律.并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤 “浏览、细读和验证 ”做到有机结合,明确每一步思维的主攻方向.一通览全文,抓准主旨有的同学或是急于求成,总想" 一步到位 " ,或是由于原文设置空格所造成的懂得障碍,担忧通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而铺张时间,未通览全文即边读边填, 结果是就句论句, 无法形成连贯的思路,或 “见木不见林 ”,懂得偏离文章的中心,欲速就不达.大家第一要克服不良心理, 满怀信心, 全神贯注, 目光越过空格, 留意把握文章的整体内容, 留意能表达文章大意的关键词句.开头阅读时可能会有模模糊糊,类似“钻山洞 ”的感觉,此时千万不行半途而废. 再往下读, 文意会逐步显露, 读完全文心里往往会有"豁然开朗 " 之感.另外, 要重视文章首句的作用,一般情形下, 首句不设空格, 这就为大家窥视文章全貌供应了一个 “窗口 ”.通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较精确的定位.另外, 大家要给文章精确定位,不仅要重视文章的首句,有时留意一下文章的结尾,首尾联系起来,对文章的定位会更精确.抓住文章的主旨大意后,考生环绕主旨大意去阅读、猜测、推理、判定,往往会收到事半功倍的成效.抓住了主旨,一些干扰性强,简洁使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了.二、细读全文, 透析文意有的考生在做完形填空题时,一看到一些自己比较熟识的语法结构,如句子、短语等,便脱口而出的去选,对特定的语境不去作深化的懂得,导致“定势思维 ” 错误.事实上,从 NMET 完形填空的出题特点看, 其干扰项的设置均与 “语法结构 ”错误无关, 重在文意的干扰,这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向.NMET 完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析,由于从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的.因此是否能恰如其分的传达文意才是挑选正确答案或最正确答案的唯独标准,要吃透文意, 懂得到位, 大家应做可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_到以下几点： 1. 留意上下文的内在联系断章取义, 就题论题, 无视上下文的信息提示是同学常犯的错误.考生在做完形填空的过程中,应学会边读边在大脑中贮存上下文的信息.信息提示有时显现在前面,有时显现在后面如： Eating spaghetti 意大利面条 caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien s in Belleville when _37_sawlleorfeuseated around the table andAunt Pat served _38_ spaghettifor supper.2022 全国卷 I36. A. memory B. thoughtC.knowledge D. experience此题的信息提示显现在前面.做题的关键在于把握brought back 与后面名词的搭配关系,即动词短语打算了名词的挑选.bring back"把带回来 ",因此此处只能是 "把过去的记忆带回来 ",即 " 使人回忆起 ",因此答案只能是A.With these words I began to face _36_ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people _37_ , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I waited _38_ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.2022 全国卷37. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work此题的信息提示显现在后面.空后的“从早晨醒来到上床睡觉”说明前面的动作是“常常、不断的 ”,因此答案只能是B.2. 留意英汉两种语言的差异,不能简洁的互译出题者深知同学在英语学习过程中的弱点,往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度,考查同学的基本功和敏捷运用才能,所以在平常的学习中,要逐步培育自己的" 语感 ",不要受母语的影响.It started socially a few calls each day. It seemed fine _39_ , just a quick chat. Gradually though, the situation _40_ got worse. Soon it was _41_ use, until, finally, addiction.2022 全国卷 41. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular此题假如仅凭汉语思维"常常用 ", 很简洁误选 B, regular 虽然也有 "常常的 "的意思, 但侧重指 " 固定的, 有规律的 " ,不是一个贬义词.因此此处表示最终作者打上瘾之前,打是一种 " 频繁的 "行为,含有贬义,因此用" 频繁的 ",表示行为 "过火 ",答案为 A.3. 研读细节,精确认定语境用同学平日常见的固定搭配来干扰同学对详细语境的认定,利用定势思维来增强试题的诱惑性.如：I was phoning people and leaving _46_ messages to make sure _47_ calls would see me through the day.2022 全国卷47. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising此题仅看前面和后面介词短语的搭配,很简洁误选 A.但认真推敲语境,此处并不表示的"长度 ",而表示的" 数量" ,因此应选 C.4. 发挥规律思维才能,挖掘文章寓意、隐意近几年 NMET 完形填空以叙事为主, 有时加入肯定的谈论和说明,内容贴近生活, 表层意思易于懂得,所以很简洁给同学造成一种"假象 ",产生 “轻敌 ”心理,有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后,自我感觉不错,但一对答案错许多,缘由是这些同学仅仅懂得了文章的表层含义,而忽视了其深层含义.事实上,NMET 完形填空文章大都包含肯定的哲理、寓意,具备深层探询的可能性. 这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义, 仍要挖掘出文章的深层含义, 做到“表里一样 ”.如： _52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open.hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show pleasure _53_ , but what I was feeling was pure happiness.52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 此题要求依据事情进展的规律关系来判定答案.答案是 C,此处表达作者的作文给全班同学带来欢快的过程,先是“有人 ”发笑,最终全班同学大笑,规律通顺.5. 结合生活常识判定At first, everyone on the team got _38_ playing time.Then the team moved up to the top division after winning allits games, and the _39_ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have _40_ one.on.one training, got angrywhen she didn t give them more playing time in our _41_ . The coach was replaced. 2022 北京可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_高考38. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra 39. A. business B. struggle C. attempt D. pressure 40. A. free B. private C. good D. basic 41. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs本文介绍作者一个少年女子足球队员踢足球的经受.一开头,我们得到“公平的 38”踢球时间.然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后,怎样了？结合生活常识判定,应是有了"压力 39".后面父母贿赂教练干什么了？依据生活常识判定,应当是让自己的孩子得到“开小灶 ”的时机,因此 40 应选 B, private 私“人的 ”.41,父母愤怒是由于贿赂没有起作用,也就是在我们的“比赛”中,他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场竞赛的时间.Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper column. She had been a school teacher before she retired 退休,but she needed to keep36. She was even willing to work without pay. She then offered her37with a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old people. Every day she38other old folks like her. By talking with them, she39 two things. Old people had abilities that were not 40 . But old people also had some41 . She found a new purpose for herself then. Through the years, she 42 to write stories about people for national magazines. There was now a new 43 ： Old people like herself. She began to write a newspaper column called“ Sixty Plus”, which was about 44old . She writes about the problems of old people, especially their problems with being45. Anna Douglas uses her46ability to see the truth behind a problem. She understands47problems begin. For example ,one of her48said that his grandchildren49the houses as soonas he came tovisit.Mrs Douglas50some ways forhimtounderstandhisgrandchildren.“It's important to know51about your grandchildren's world,” says Mrs Douglas. “ That means questioning and listening ,and52is not what old people do best. Say good things to them and aboutthem ,”she continues.“ Never try to53your grandchildrenor other young people. Never54your opinion. Don't tell them what they should do.55,they have been taught they should have respect for old people. The old should respect them as well.”36. A. freeB. richC. powerfulD. busy37. A. serviceB. moneyC. studentsD. books38. A. observedB. metC. comfortedD. answered39. A. recognizedB. followedC. enjoyedD. demanded40. A. studiedB. agreedC. gaveD. used41. A. mistakesB. problemsC. questionsD. characters42. A. hadB. oughtC. wasD. used43. A. subjectB. lifeC. wayD. plan44. A. gettingB. respectingC. employingD. supporting45. A. unknownB. refusedC. misunderstoodD. discouraged46. A. thinkingB. workingC. writingD. leading47. A. thatB. whenC. whyD. whether48. A. visitorsB. readersC. listenersD. friends49. A. gotB. enteredC. leftD. passed50. A. inventedB. choseC. suggestedD. imagined51. A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing52. A. listeningB. speakingC. pleasingD. advising53. A. praiseB. scoldC. troubleD. encourage54. A. speak outB. give upC. get backD. stick to可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_55. A. CommonlyB. Surprisingly C. HappilyD. Naturally36. D.她从老师工作上退了下来, 然而她始终很忙. B 项有肯定干扰性. keep rich 意思是“富有”,从后文 she was even willing to work without pay.可以看出 B 项不合题意.37. A.从空后的 that helped other businesses find jobs for old people.可以看出,她供应的是商业服务. 38. B.从空后的 By talking with them可以看出, Anna Douglas 每天都与许多老年人会面,而不是观看或抚慰他们.39. A.通过与他们交谈,她熟识到两件事情.接下来的两句便是她熟识到的事情.recognize 在这里是“熟识到”的意思.40. D.老年人有未被利用的才能.这是她积极为老年人找工作发挥他们余热的缘由.其他答案不合题意.41. B.然而老年人也有老年人的问题.A 项有较大干扰性.从后文我们知道,有一位老年人不受其孙子女的欢送,这是他面临的问题,而不是错误.42. D.从后文 She began to write a newspaper column called “ Sixty Plus”,我们知道,她为国家杂志写人物故事是以前的事.43. A.联系上下文Old people like herself.是报纸的一个话题 subject ,因此其它选项不合题意.44. A.get old 在这里为系表结构,其它选项不正确. 45. C.B,D 项有较大干扰性.作者举的例子说明许多老年人被其孙子女误会,而不是他们的要求被拒绝等.46. A.从空后的 see the truth behind a problem我们得知, Anna Douglas 用的是thinkingabilities . 47. C.从下文举的例子看,她明白的是事情的起因,因此其它选项不合题意.48. B.A 项有较大干扰性.从前文我们知道Anna Douglas 是靠写文章与老年人沟通,而不是建立了询问中心,因此A 项不合题意.49. C.联系上下文我们可以推知,这位老年人与其孙子女关系并不融洽,因此当他进来时,孩子们就离开.50. C.她给这位老人建议了几种方法.51. B. A, C 有较大干扰性.从空后的 your grandchildren's world我们得知,想明白孙子女世界的一切是不行能的.52. A.本空承接 and 前的分句而来,因此答案应在questioning 和 listening 间挑选,选项中没有 questioning . 53. B.联系上文 Say good things to them and about them.得此答案. A 项有肯定干扰性, 空前的 Never 打算了此选项不正确.54. D.stick to 在这里是“顽固的坚持” .A,B 均有肯定干扰性. 联系前文 Mrs Douglas 认为老人应当多听听孙子女的见解,不要太顽固的坚持自己的看法.speak out 意思是“说出” , give up 是“舍弃” ,因此不合题意.55. A.D 有较大干扰性. Naturally意思是“自然而然的”,而 Commonly指“通常情形下”.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载