(仁爱版)英语七年级下册知识点归纳与总结.pdf

（仁爱版）英语七年级下册知识点归纳 Unit 5 Topic1 重点语法 一般现在时（常与频度副词_never_,_seldom_,_sometimes_,_often_,_usually_，_always_等 连用）重点句型 How do you usually come to school?I usually come to school by subway.How often do you go to the library?_once_(一次)/_twice_(两次)/_three _times_(三 次)a week Very often/Every day/Seldom 重点详解 1.I always come to school by bus.by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前 有_a/an_,_the_,形物代_ 等限定词，就不能用 by,而是用_in_或是_on_.on the train=_by_ train on his bike=_by_ bike in my car=_by_ car.Eg:I go to school by bike.(on my bike)Ps：之前说的 take+a/an/the+交单，但是这是一个动词词组，不能和 By+交单对等 互换。系动词 包含 Be 句子结构：1 主谓宾：I love you。2 主谓：I go。3 主系表：you are beautiful。巧辩异同 on foot 与 walk on foot“走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只 作方式状语，位于句末。walk“走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。go toon foot=walk to I often go to school on foot.=I often _ _school.同样，go to.by bike=ride/_take_ a bike to go to.by car=drive/_take_ a car to go to by plane=fly to/_take_ _a_ _plane_ _to_ go to by bus=_take_ a bus to 2.Come on!Its time for e on 意思是“_，_，_”。Its time _for_ sth=Its time _to_ _do_ sth.=Its time for doing sth.Its time for dinner=Its time to eat dinner=Its time for eating dinner.3.look 的短语 look _the_ _same_看起来一样 第 1 页 look _like_看起来像 look _for_寻找 look _after_ 照顾 4.do my homework at school 在学校做作业 do ones homework 做家庭作业（注意：ones 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容 词性物主代词_my_,_your_,_his_，_her_,_its_,_our_，_your_,their 等）。5 we _want_ _to_ know about the school life of American students.我们想了解 一下美国学生的学校生活。Want to do sth=would like to do sth.know about“了解，知道关于”。6 巧辩异同 a few 与 few：_“一些”，_“很少，几乎没有”，修饰_名词。a little 与 little：_“一些”，_“很少，几乎没有”，修饰_ 名 词。7 They often play basketball or soccer,go swimming and so on.go swimming 去游泳 and so on“等等”，表示还有很多。拓展 go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，强调_(户内/户外)，户内：do some ving 类似的有：_ _fishing_ 去钓鱼 _go_ _shopping_ 去买东西 _ _boating_ 去划船 _ _skating_ 去滑冰 8 How often do you go to the library?你多久去一次图书馆？how often“多久一次”，问_。答语常用频度副词 never,always,often 等或单 位时间内的次数：_once a week_一周一次 _twice a month_每月两次 _three times a year_ 每年三次 语法讲解 一般现在时 一般现在时表示：（1）现在所处的状态。Jane _is_ at school.Jane 在学校。（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often _ _ school by bus.我经常坐公交去上学。（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes _ football.他喜欢踢足球。（4）客观真理。The earth goes _around_ the sun.地球围绕太阳转。常用的时间状语：often,always,usually,sometimes,every day 等等。行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是 do/dont 和 does/doesnt.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复 数形式时，行为动词用原形。肯定式：I go to school on foot.否定式：I _ _ _ school on foot.疑问式：_ you _ _ school on foot?Yes,I _.No,I _ 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s 或-es。（思考：动词单三 第 2 页 变换规律）肯定式：He_ to work by bus.否定式：He _ _ _ work by bus.疑问式：_ he _ _ work by bus?Yes,he_.No,he _.Topic2 重点语法 现在进行时态。Be+ving 重点句型 What are you _?He is cleaning the dormitory.Are you _ your homework?Yes,I am./No,I am not.重点详解 1 at the moment“此刻，现在”,相当于_now_.2 巧辩异同 go to sleep 与 go to _bed_ go to bed“上床”“就寝”I often go to bed at ten.go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last night I went to sleep _ two oclock.3 巧辩异同 some,a few 与 a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。some 既可以修饰_ 名词又可以修饰_ 名词。We want some apples and some water.a few 用在_ 名词_ 数之前，a little 用在_ 名词之前。There are _ _ books and _ _ water in the classroom.教室里有一些书和一 些水。4 与 how 相关的短语 _ _多常 _ _/_ _多少 how much 多少钱_ _多 大 4You must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return 意为“归还，回归”return sth.to sb.把某物归还某人=_give_ _back_ sth.to sb/_give_ sth back to sb Give sth to sb/give sb sth return to“回到”，相当于 come _back_ to 6 Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.talk“交谈”，常用的短语 talk _to_/with sb.“与某人交谈”巧辩异同 talk,say,speak 与 tell(1)_“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。(1)_“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。(1)_“说”，强调所说的话的内容。(1)_“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth 说真话，tell a lie 说谎,tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。7.I cant find my purse(=wallet)and I am looking for it._ _“寻找”，强调寻找的 过程；_“找到”强调找的结果。第 3 页 8.look(at),see 与 read _指看的动作，_指看的结果，_常指看书、看报纸等。9.Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。photos of his 是双重所有格。his 是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。a friend of _mine_我的一个朋友 a classmate of my _brothers_我弟弟的一个 同学 A book of yours a wallet of his mothers a car of my fathers 弟弟的同学：brothers classmate 10.I also want to go there one day.我也希望有一天到那儿。also 意为“也”，常用于 be 动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。巧辩异同 also 与 too also 放在_，too 用于_。语法讲解 现在进行时 1.现在进行时表示：现在正在进行或发生的动作。2.常用的时间状语：_look_,at the moment,_now_,listen 等。3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing 形式。4.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。（1）肯定式：I am running.You are running.He/She is running.（2）否定式：_I am not_ running.You _ running.He/She_running.（3）一般疑问句及回答：Are you running?Yes,I_./No,I _.Is he/she running?Yes,he/she _./No.he/she _.Topic3 重点语法 一般现在时和现在进行时的使用和异同。重点句型 What day is it today?Its _.Why do you like it?Its easy and interesting.What class are they having?They _ _ a music class.重点详解 1 询问星期几用 What day？回答：Its Wednesday/Sunday。(复习周一到周日)与特殊疑问句词 what 有关的短语：what _什么班 what _什么颜色 what _几点 what _几号（日期）2 How many lessons does he have every weekday?_ _+可数名词的复数形式；_ _+不可数名词。3 一个星期的第一天是 Sunday,在星期几前用介词_,在具体点钟前用_ 4 learning about the past 了解过去 learn about 了解 拓展 learn _向学习 learn _ _自学 第 4 页 5 What do you think of?=_ _ _ _?你认为怎么样？6 Why?Because its interesting.用 why 提问必须用_回答。7 Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目？like best 最喜欢，可用_“特别喜爱的”转换。（思考：转换对等吗？）8 be friendly to sb.对某人友好=_ Unit6 Topic1 重点语法 There be 句型和方位介词短语。重点句型 There _two bedrooms and a a small study.There _a lamp,a computer,some books and so on.Is there a computer in your study?Yes,there is.Dont put them here.Put them away.重点讲解 1 Its on the second floor.在哪一层楼，用介词_。on 表示在上面。second 是序数词，前面要用 定冠词_,意为第二（的）。巧辩异同 two 与 second two 是_数词，second 是_数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。2 in 在里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroom Is there?表示某地存在吗？其肯定回答是：Yes,there is.否定回答 No,there _.它的复数形式为 Are there?其肯定回答是：Yes,there _.否定 回答 No,there arent.3 巧辩异同 there be 与 have(1)there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。(2)have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。There is a dog in the picture.The dog _ two big eyes.注：there be 遵循就近原则。be 用 is 还是 are，取决于离该动词最近的那个 名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用 is，如果是复数就用 are。4 have a look 看看。后面接名词时要用_.如 have a look at your watch.5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。talk with/to“与某人交谈”6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：Whats+介词短语，回答时应用 there be 句 型。7 play with“和玩耍”，“玩”play _ sb.“与某人一起玩”8 put _ 把放好 9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于 take _ _ 10 巧辩异同 in the tree 与 on the tree(1)_ the tree 指外来物体在树上。(2)_the tree 树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。第 5 页 11 巧辩异同 like doing 与 like to do like _ 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与 love doing 相似。like _ 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与 love to do 相似。12 Im very glad to get a letter from you.我很高兴收到你的来信。get a letter from sb.收到某人的来信_ from sb.Topic2 重点语法 There be 句型 Wh-questions 重点句型 Whats your home like?Whats the matter?Sorry,I cant hear you.Ill get someone to check it right now.There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.重点讲解 1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。with“有，带有”。With 还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起”2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。(1)_表示“给”表示目的或功能。Here is a letter for you.(2)_的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend of Lilys.=She is Lilys friend.3 Whats the matter?怎么了？该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体 某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：Whats the matter_ sb./sth.某人或某物出了 什么毛病。Whats the matter?=Whats _?4 I hear you playing the piano.我听见你在弹钢琴。hear_sth.“听见在做某事”，强调正在进行的动作。（do 还是 doing）hear_ sth.“听见做了某事”，强调全过程。（do 还是 doing）hear about sth.听到关于某事物的消息 hear _ sb.接到某人的来信、电话等 hear _ sb./sth.听到或知道某人或某事物的情况 5 a lot of=_ of 许多 后接_数名词，相当于 many；后接不可数名词，相 当于_,用于肯定句中；但是注意：如果是否定句，刚常用 many 或 much.6 be far from 离远（抽象距离）beaway from离远（具体距离）My school is not far from the bookstore.The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.7 There is something wrong _ sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。8 Ill get someone to check it right now.我马上派人去检查。get sb._ sth.使某人做某事 someone=somebody 某人 right now=_ _=right away 马上，立刻 语法讲解 There be（表示“有”）用法 1.“There+be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”；地 点状语也可放在句首，有时 可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall,there are some pictures.2.它的疑问形式是将“_”提到“there”之前。_ there any books on the desk?第 6 页 3.它的否定形式是在“be”后加“not”.Topic3 重点语法 特殊疑问句和问路、指路的方式。重点句型 Excuse me,how can I get to Go along and turn left at the first street.Be careful!Dont play on the street.重点讲解 1 go up“沿着走”与它相近的词有 go _/_ 2 get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to=reach=arrive _/_ 与 get 有关的短语：get _ 收获 get _上车 get _下车 get _出去 get out _从出来 get _起床 3 across from 在对面 4 Its good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子和老人过马路 是一种助人为乐的行为。Its good _ _ sth.做某事是助人为乐的行为。5 on the corner of=_the corner of“在拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑 物外面的拐角处。_ the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。6 有关 come 的短语 come_ 来到 come _来自于 come _ 加油，赶快 come_ 进来 come _ 出来 come _下来 come _回来 Unit7 Topic1 重点语法 掌握 be 动词的一般过去式。Was/were 重点句型 _Were_ you born in Hebei?Yes,I _was_./No,I _wasnt_.When_ your daughter born?She _ born on October 22,1996.Whats the shape of your present?=What does it look like?how old/How tall/how high How long/wide is it?What do we use it for?We use it to study English.Use sth for sth use sth to do 重点讲解 1 英语中日期可以有两种表达法：(1)月日，年。_July 30 th,2014_(2)日月，年。_30th July，2014_ 2 plan _to do_ sth.计划做某事 plan for sth.计划某事 I plan to have/hold/celebrate birthday party.I plan for a visit to+地方。3 4 基数词变序数词的规律：基变序，有规律，五、十二 ve 用 f 替再加 th the fifth the twelfth 一二三，特殊记，整几十改 y 为 ie 再加 th first second third thirtieth 八去 t 九去 e 再加 th，几十几只改个位就可以。Eighth ninth 表示确切“几百”时，hundred 后面不加“s”，但表示不确定数目的“数以百 第 7 页 nd 计”时，hundred 后面应加“s”，用“hundreds of”表示。_three_ _hundred_ _students_三百名学生 hundreds of _students_几百名学生 thousand ten thousand one hundred thousand million(百万)ten million 100 million billion 789，456，123 seven hundred and eighty-nine million four hundred and fifty-six thousand one hundred and twenty-three 只有百位和十位间用 and 连接 1,234,567,891:one billion two hundred and thirty-four million five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-one 5 英语中表达物体的长、宽、高，先说数字，再说单位，最后加上一个表示长、宽、高的形容词。“”读 做“point”。6.4 米长 six point four meter long Point(v.)to/at 指 15.2 M 高：fifteen point two meter high 6 What do we use it for?我们用它来做什么?use sth._to_ _do_ sth.用某物做某事.=use sth._for_ doing sth.语法讲解 be 动词的一般过去时 1.be 动词的一般过去时，表示过去存在的状态。My brother _ at school yesterday.2.be 动词的过去式为_/_,其否定式为 was not/_(缩写)和 were not/_(缩写).3.一般疑问句以及简略回答：_ you born in July,1999?Yes,I _./No,I _.Topic2 重点语法 掌握情态动词 can/cant,could/couldnt 的用法。重点句型 Can/Could you dance?Yes,I can/could.No,I cant/couldnt.What can you do?I can speak English.He cant sing English songs.重点讲解 1 Do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs?Chinese songs.选择疑问句中，回答时只能选择一者作答，不能用“_”或“_”回答。2 Id（would）like to take these flowers to the party.take sb./sth._sw.带某人/某物去某地 Borrow/boring/bring 巧辩异同 take 与 bring _（从说话人处带到别处）带去，带走 _（由别处带到说话人处）带来 3 一段时间+_ 是表示过去的时间状语。例如：two years ago at the _age_ of 在岁的时候 4 be good _at_ doing sth.=do well _in_ doing sth.擅长做某事，在方面做 得好。She is good at dancing=she does well in dancing 第 8 页 5 with ones help=with the help_ 在的帮助下 With As help,I can play LOL=With the help of A,I can play LOL.6 can 和 could 的使用(1)can(could)“可以，同意，准许”表示请求，允许。could 语气较 can 委婉。(2)can“会，能”，表示能力，could 表示过去的能力。Topic3 重点语法 行为动词的一般过去时及其回答。重点句型 Did you sing a song at the party?Yes,I did/No,I didnt.I missed the chair and fell down.How could you lie to me?Kangkang made a silent wish and then he blew the candles out in one breath.重点讲解 1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself?康康玩得开心吗？Enjoy 是及物动词，后接名词，代词或是动名词，意为“喜爱，欣赏，享 受的乐趣。”enjoy oneself=have a _/_great_time 玩得愉快 enjoy _doing_sth.喜欢做某 事 巧辩异同 like,love 与 enjoy(1)_ 喜欢（程度较弱）like doing/to do(2)_ 热爱（程度较强）love doing/to do(3)_ 喜爱，欣赏，享受的乐趣 enjoy doing 2 Its your turn.该你了。turn 是名词，意思是“轮流”，Its ones turn_ _ sth.轮到某人做某事。还可以做连系动词，意为“变成”，后接形容词做表语。例如：树叶变绿了。The _leaves_ _turn_ _green_。3 反身代词 oneself 变化如下：第一二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves)I_ you_yourself_/(_yourselves_)第三人称用人称 代词宾格+self(selves)ourselves he_himself_ her_herself_ they_themselves_ 4 What happened to Michael at the party?聚会上迈克发生什么事情了？happen _ sb.某人发生某事,to 是介词 happen_ _碰巧干某事，to 是不定式符号 语法讲解 1、一般过去式表示：一般过去式（1）过去存在的状态。My father _(be)at work yesterday afternoon.(2)过去某个时间发生的动作。I _(get)up at 6:30 yesterday.(3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always_(go)to work by bus last year.第 9 页 常用的时间状语：two days/months/years ago,last year,in those days,just now,in 2002 二、动词过去式的构成：1.规则动词在动词后面直接加“_”。play-played 动词以“e”结尾加“_”。move-moved 动词以辅音字母加 y 结尾改 y 为_加_.study-studied 动词为重 读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母加 ed.plan-_ stop-_ 2.不规则动词 am/is-was are-were do-did(详情见书后不规则动词表)三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句：肯定句：I bought some books yesterday.否定句：I_didnt_ _buy_ any books yesterday.一般疑问句：_Did_you _buy_ any books yesterday?第 10 页