2021届厦门市海沧中学高三英语模拟试题及答案.pdf

2021 届厦门市海沧中学高三英语模拟试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someones life?If yes,dont care about sex or age!Come and join us,then youll make it!Position:Volunteer Social Care Assistant(No Pay with Free Meals)Place:Manchester Hours:Part Time We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives!Only 4 days left.Dont miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives.You will help them to develop new skills.You will help them to protect their rights and their safety.But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills.You will be honest and patient.You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since youll have to help those people with different learning disabilities.Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.1.The text is meant to_.A.carry an ad B.send an invitation C.present a document D.leave a note 2.The volunteers primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities_.A.to learn new living skills B.to get some financial support C.to properly protect themselves D.to realize their own importance 3.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A.The one who can drive a car.B.The one who can speak English fluently.C.The one who has relevant work experience.D.The one who has the patience to listen to others.B For years,life went something like this:Wed grow up in one place,head off to college,and then find a city to get a job and live there for a few years.The final goal was to find somewhere to settle down,buy a house,start a family,and begin the whole cycle all over again.But now some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives,sometimes as frequently as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzieleftheriou,who has had a front-row seat watching this evolution unfold.Six years ago,he launched a startup called Blueground that rents out beautifully designed,fully furnished apartments for a month at a time,at rates that are cheaper than hotels.And it aims to make each one feel unique and comfortable,rather than standardized,like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Today,the company has 3,000 properties(房地产)in six U.S.cities,along with Dubai,Istanbul,London,Paris,and Chatzieleftherious native Athens,and a staff of 400.With the helpof the Series B round of funding,the company landed$50 million,plus its previous total of$28 million,to continue its rapid expansion.It hopes to have 50,000 properties in 50 cities over the next three years.Chatzieleftheriou first came up with the idea for Blueground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey.“The accommodation of choice for consultants is the hotel,”he says.“I had to spend five years in hotel rooms,living in 12 different cities.I loved seeing the world,but I didnt love feeling like I didnt have a home.”And whats more,hotels arent a particularly cost-effective solution for companies either.In Chatzieleftherious case,McKinsey sometimes paid$10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month.4.What does the author intend to tell in the first paragraph?A.A new lifestyle is appearing.B.Life is just like a circle for people.C.Most people are used to an easy life.D.People live in different places in life.5.What is the goal of Blueground?A.To compete with hotels.B.To create standardized hotels.C.To make renters feel at home.D.To rent out long-term apartments.6.What do we know about Blueground?A.It got a total investment of$78 million.B.Its business is anything but satisfying.C.It expanded to every corner of the world.D.It has 50,000 properties in 50 cities.7.What does the last paragraph focus on?A.High costs of hotels.B.Chatzieleftherious former work.C Strengths of Blueground.D.The inspiration for Blueground.C Some years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer.He apologized for lack of training,but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conradys Applied Optics and Optical Design,one for his office and a second for his bedside table,he was hired on the spot.Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahls Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as black boxes,although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties.Buchdahls book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics,but it is not about how to design lenses.It is,however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designers needs very much in mind.Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems.Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory,as such,has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design.The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance.The indirect effects have been large,however,both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other,more practical,theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist,but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory.Buchdahls approach has,over the last decade,had a major impact on modern lens design with computers.Thus,he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical,and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician.From the point of view of many physicists and engineers,it will appear to be quite mathematical.Moreover,this is a tightly written book.The subject matter is developed with precision,and the author expects the reader,at very point,to be master of the preceding exposition.8.Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of _.A.newer finding related to the wave particle nature of light B.very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designers C.too much mathematical detail in the theory D.not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters 9.The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to _.A.the students who are major in mathematical geometry B.those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systems C.the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designs D.those who are interested in physics 10.The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is _.A.indirect ways of learning mathematics B.a fundamental power within the theory C.the conceptual elegance of the theory D.the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems 11.This passage is probably excerpted from _.A.a review of a book B.a chemistry textbook C.an opticians essay D.a general science text D The regular world presented to us by our five senses you could call it reality 1.0 is not always the most user-friendly.We get lost in unfamiliar cities;we meet people whose language we dont understand.So why not try the improved version:augmented reality（AR）or reality 2.0?AR technology adds computer-produced images on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.Early forms of AR are already here smart phones can deliver information about nearby ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest.But thats just the beginning.A few years from now the quantity of information available will have increased hugely.You will not only see that theres a Chinese restaurant on the next block,but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.This is where the next revolution in computing will take place:in the interface（界面）between the real world and the information brought to us via the Internet.Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes,filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.Lets jump ahead to ten years from now.A person trying to fix a car wont be reading a book with pictures;he will be wearing a device that projects animated 3D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair,labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone or special video glasses.But in ten years time these will have been replaced by contact lenses(隐形眼镜)with tiny LEDs,which present something at a readable distance in front of eyes.So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.The question is,while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality world,how willwe be communicating with each other?12.What is the text mainly about?A.The relationship between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0.B.Different forms of the AR technology.C.The next information technology revolution.D.The popularity of the AR technology.13.Which of the following will AR technology support according to the text?A.To pay for things online conveniently.B.To play online games merrily.C.To offer information efficiently.D.To communicate with others socially.14.What are Contact lenses with tiny LEDs used for?A.Show texts and images.B.Protect peoples eyes.C.Help deaf people communicate.D.Replace smart phone.15.Whats the authors attitude towards the AR technology?A.Indifferent.B.Critical.C.Concerned.D.Favourable.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day,littering(乱丢废物）is often taken lightly.But its more severe than we may think._16_This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that if s part of a fruitright?Actually,no.A banana peel(皮）can take up to two years to decompose(分解)，and with a third of drivers admitting to littering while driving,thats a whole lot of banana peels,or much worse.An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana.But tin and aluminium(铝）cans last up to 100 years._17_ Its true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer._18_For example,despite its fairly short decomposing term,more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded(丢弃）in the UK every day.Besides，our annual littering,which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s,has caused the UK*s rat population to increase by 60 million.Its not a cheap habit either:_19_So,ifs not surprising that if caught littering you could face a 20,000 fine or even jail time and,if you throw away something dangerous,the court could give you five years to serve.The punishments might seem severe._20_So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules.To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not littering.We need to truly care more about the world around us.A.Banana peels are among the most frequent littered stuff.B.But fear of the environmental impact of litter is on the rise.C.Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving.D.UKtaxpayers pay 500 million in order to keep our streets clean.E.And plastic bottles last forever,as do glass bottles and plastic bags.F.However,among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished.G.But we cant simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Anyone who has ever travelled on airplanes knows how annoying delays(延误)are.Not only do they _21_ us from getting where we need to be _22_,they are also really boring.Thats why some Southwest Airlines employees tried to _23_ their passengers when they were hit with a two-hour delay by holding a(n)_24_ drivers license photo contest(比赛)!Kristen,a passenger,was _25_ at first when her flight was delayed for several hours.However,her anger _26_ when the gate agent announced the start of a(n)_27_ game called“Win a prize forthe worst drivers license picture”.“My flight to Washington,D.C.had been delayed for almost two and a half hours and I was getting heated until this gate agent _28_ playing games with everyone waiting to pass the time,after which I started thinking Ill be willing to _29_ here all night if you keep this up,”Kristen wrote in her post,adding the game was _30_.Kristen,who was _31_ to Washington,D.C.from Orlando to visit friends,praised Southwest Airlines in her post,and someone from the company quickly _32_.“Im glad our agent was able to make the delay a little more _33_ for you all,Kristen!We _34_ to have you on your way as soon as possible,”the spokesperson said,adding when Kristen asked the company to _35_ the prize to the Orlando-based team,“send over your confirmation,and Ill be sure they get the recognition they deserve!”When Kristen later described her _36_ to reporters,she said _37_ for the worst photos included Southwest products and$25 vouchers(代金券)toward future flights.“I was really annoyed that the flight kept getting delayed,”Kristen said.“Once he started playing games,I was _38_ and having a great time and didnt even _39_ that the flight was delayed.”No wonder so many people _40_ Southwest!21.A.prevent B.free C.separate D.rescue 22.A.in turn B.on purpose C.on time D.in short 23.A.announce B.entertain C.urge D.drop 24.A.best B.earliest C.largest D.worst 25.A.confused B.angry C.frightened D.patient 26.A.boiled B.returned C.disappeared D.remained 27.A.funny B.final C.different D.important 28.A.considered B.continued C.admitted D.started 29.A.sleep B.wait C.perform D.work 30.A.amazing B.challenging C.disappointing D.disturbing 31.A.moving B.running C.flying D.driving 32.A.doubted B.decided C.apologized D.replied 33.A.competitive B.bearable C.accessible D.practical 34.A.agree B.regret C.hope D.volunteer 35.A.show B.present C.win D.buy 36.A.imaginations B.condition C.concerns D.experience 37.A.prizes B.plans C.services D.appeals 38.A.waving B.shouting C.laughing D.dancing 39.A.know B.suspect C.mention D.mind 40.A.love B.understand C.need D.follow 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost 3 million a year,a study suggests.Children were responsible for_41._vast majority of cases95%of objects from no