2021届佛山高明区人和中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析.pdf

2021 届佛山高明区人和中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A San Francisco Bay Area is a great place if youre a sports fan as youll find several events all year round and plenty of team pride.If you are anywhere close to the area during a game,these fantastic sports events are here for you.San Francisco Giants Baseball The San Francisco Giants baseball team plays in SF at Oracle Park.This is a fun ballpark because its always packed with great energy and offers views of the bay.Its one of the most popular San Francisco sports events.The Giants are part of the National League West Division.Since their arrival here in 1958,they have been World Series Champions three times.Golden State Warriors Basketball The fan base of the Golden State Warriors distributes the whole San Francisco Bay Area as this regions only NBA team.Their regular season runs from late October through mid-April,and all home games are played at the Chase Center in San Francisco.In total,the Warriors has won six NBA championships.San Francisco 49ers Football The 49ers are San Franciscos NFL team,though they have recently moved to Levis Stadium in Santa Clara,about an hour south of SF.The football team was named for the prospectors(探矿者)who arrived in the area in 1849 for the Gold Rush.Theyve won 5 Super Bowl championships,all between 1981 and 1994.San Jose Sharks Hockey The San Jose Sharks represent the Bay Area in hockey(冰球).They were founded in 1991 as the only Bay Area team to compete in the NHL.Sharks fans love going to these San Francisco sports events at the SAP Center,which they call the Shark Tank,located about an hour southeast of SF.1.Where can a sports fan have a good view of the area?A.The Oracle Park.B.The Chase Center.C.Levis Stadium.D.The SAP Center 2.Which team has claimed the most titles according to the text?A.The Giants.B.The Golden State Warriors.C.The 49ers.D.The San Jose Sharks.3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A book review.B.A news report.C.A science fiction.D.A tourist magazine.B When I was a boy,there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River.That was,to be a steamboat man.We had temporary ambitions of other sorts,but they were only temporary.My father was a justice of the peace,and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him.This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding,nevertheless.One of our boys in town,who went away and was not heard of for-a long time,turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat.This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sundayschool teachings.That boy was notoriously worldly,and I was just the opposite.There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness.He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town,and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it,where we could all see him.And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes,so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man;and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk,as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.This creatures career could produce but one result,and it was speedily followed.Boy after boy managed to get on the river.Despite many choices,pilot was the grandest position of all.The pilot,even in those days of trivial wages,had a princely salaryfrom 150250 dollars a month,and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again.So by and by I ran away.I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.4.Why does the writer mention his fathers job in Paragraph 2?A.To show that his father was in power.B.To show that his father is cruel.C.To emphasize the job he prefers.D.To emphasize his love for his father.5.Which of the following can best conclude the writers attitude toward the boy?A.He thought the boy was material but pitiful.B.He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.C.He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.D.He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.6.Which of the following statements is Not True?A.The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.B.The boys experience made other boys follow suit.C.The pilots salary was ly high but without meals covered.D.The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.7.What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?A.Simile.B.Personification.C.Parallelism.D.Irony.C Ive long believedthat positive living isnt about being optimistic every minute of every day.That kind of permanently happy state cant be the goal,because its impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity,and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences,including the challenging ones like anger,disappointment and sadness.Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs,and adapting when circumstances change.However,emotionally flexible people are not chameleons(变色龙)whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing.Instead,emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life,and stick to their deeply held values.Ive learned a new word that Id like to share with you:Eudaimonia(幸福感).Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism(享乐主义),the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain.Eudaimonia,by contrast,encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity,growth and honest joy.Both are philosophical approaches to happiness,and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable,satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle,who got the term from the Greek word“daimon,”which means“true nature.”Tome,walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness.What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.8.What is the authors belief?A.People should live alone.B.People cant always be happy.C.People cant always achieve their goals.D.People should pursue true achievements.9.What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A.Their strongly believed values.B.Their different needs.C.Permanent happiness.D.The pursuit of hedonism.10.How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A.By being honest to others.B.By changing true nature.C.By keeping realstically optimistic.D.By pursuing pleasure constantly.11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B.What should we do to keep positive?C.How can we keep happy forever?D.Why cant people be happy all the time?D Although computer technology is often necessary today,using a pen or pencil activates more areas of your brain than a keyboard does.You can potentially remember more by handwriting,according to a new study.The potential benefits of handwriting for memory have been debated for some time.The new study set out to answer one question:How does handwriting compare to using a keyboard when it comes to remembering new information?In all,24 participants took part.Researchers asked each of them to write with a pen and then each was also asked to type on a keyboard.While performing these tasks,each volunteer wore a cap that held electrodes next to their head.It looked somewhat like a hair net fitted with 256 sensors.Those sensors recorded the participants brainwaves.The electrodes noted which parts of the brain turned on during each task.And they showed that writing turned on memory areas in the brain while typing didnt.Audrey van der Meer,the new studys leader,says this suggests that when we write by hand,we remember better.“This is because writing involves complex movements that activate more areas of the brain.The increased brain activity gives the brain more hooks to hang your memories on,”she explains.Van der Meer also points out that writing by hand is related to visual notetaking.“Rather than typing blindly,the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down.Then,key words can be interlinked by boxes,arrows and small drawings,”she adds.This study does not recommend banning digital devices.In fact,its authors point out,computers and other devices with keyboards have become necessary in modern society.Keyboarding can especially benefit those with certain special needs(such as if they have trouble using their hands)and typing beats writing when it comes to speed,they add.12.Why were participants asked to wear caps in the study?A.To record their brainwaves B.To inform them of their tasks C.To allow them to focus on writing D.To protect their heads like hair nets 13.What does Audrey van der Meer try to explain?A.Why handwriting is more complex than typing B.Why the brain works when it comes to learning C.Why handwriting helps remember information D.Why key words are helpful to visual notetaking 14.What is the studys authors view on typing?A.It relieves peoples hands B.It remains vital and helpful C.It is not worth recommending D.It is more challenging than writing 15.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A.How Can You Remember New Information?B.Handwriting Benefits Health in the LongRun C.Should Typing Take the Place of Handwriting?D.Handwriting Is Better for Memory Than Typing 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How to Be Good at Sports If sports are something that interests you,it stands to reason that you would want to be good at them.Here are some tips that can help you become a good player.Set ambitious but realistic goals.If you want to be great at sports,you need to set your aims high._16_Instead,you should take a look at what you are,and figure out where you think you would like to be.Give yourself a suitable amount of time to achieve that goal.Be patient._17_Impatient athletes tend to make poor ones.If youre not patient,youll try to jump into advanced techniques long before youre ready.Youll feel discouraged when you dont see immediate improvement.Join a sports team.Most of the sports teams are free to join.If you go to school,you should go for team tryouts when theyre happening._18_ Accept criticism.When you play sports,you will unavoidably receive criticism,whether from a coach or other players._19_Are they angry because you missed a pass,or do they sincerely want to help you improve?In a lot of cases,you can use criticism as motivation to get better._20_A skill become mastered when youre able to do it without thinking.Given enough time and practice,a skill will eventually fall under this category.When in a game,you wont have time to think everything through,so practice until its all automatic.A.Skills are often slow to build.B.This does not mean being unrealistic.C.You need to take most of it with a grain of salt.D.Practice until your skills become second nature.E.You also need to be clear about what you are good at.F.If youre not in school,you can find a sports club online.G.An important reasonpeople join sports teams is to make friends.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all_21_places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want_22_somewhere else instead.I had the_23_of seeing this first hand on a_24_ My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so_25_a tournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some_26_experiences on Saturday as they played against teams_27_trained.Through the first two games,her_28_did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I_29_seeing my daughter playing her best，_30_still defeated.It seemed that something clicked with the_31_between Saturday and Sunday.When they_32_for their Sunday game,they were_33_different.They had begun to integrate(融合)the kinds of play andteamwork they had_34_the day before into their_35_They played aggressively and_36_scored a goal.It_37_me that playing against the other team was a great_38_moment for all the girls on the team.Ithink it is a general principle._39_is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be_40_what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own.21.A.public B.traditional C.official D.special 22.A.passes B.works C.lies D.ends 23.A.dream B.idea C.habit D.chance 24.A.trip B.holiday C.weekend D.square 25.A.won B.entered C.organized D.watched 26.A.painful B.strange C.common D.practical 27.A.less B.poorly C.newly D.better 28.A.fans B.tutors C.class D.team 29.A.imagined B.hated C.avoided D.missed 30.A.if B.or C.but D.as 31.A.girls B.parents C.coaches D.viewers 32.A.dressed B.showed up C.made up D.planned 33.A.slightly B.hardly C.basically D.completely 34.A.seen B.known C.heard D.read 35.A.styles B.training C.game D.rules 36.A.even B.still C.seldom D.again 37.A.confused B.struck C.reminded D.warned 38.A.touching B.thinking C.encouraging D.learning 39.A.Experience B.Independence C.Curiosity D.Interest 40.A.harmful to B.mixed with C.different from D.applied to 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 As we all know,the pollution of air,water and soil are the most serious problems.The_41._(pollute)air,which causes diseases and deaths,does great harm_42._peoples health.Whats more,vegetation(植被)has been greatly reduced with the rapid_43._(develop)of the modern city._44._(protect)the environment,governments of many countries have done a lot.In the past few years,legislative(立法的)steps_45._(introduce)to control air pollution.Governments are playing the most important role in_46._(environment)protection today.In my opinion,the government must take even more concrete measures.First,it should let people fully realize_47._importance of environment through education.Second,much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into effect,because more people means more pollution.Finally,those_48._destroy the environment intentionally(有意地)should be_49._(severe)punished.Everyone should be aware that_50._(destroy)environment means destroying mankind themselves.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。I