2021届杭州市第二中学东河校区高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析.pdf

2021 届杭州市第二中学东河校区高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A A 21-year-old female student has become the youngest womanever to be elected as Mayor(市长)after first entering politics to campaign about food.Labor Party(工党)member Rosie Corrigan was elected as Mayor of Selby a market town in North Yorkshire,on Monday.The students election was unchallenged to the mayoralty,following a year serving as deputy mayor.Corrigan has just finished her second year studying politics at theUniversityofHull.A political activist since secondary school,lifelong Selby citizen Corrigan has always been ambitious.As a member of the UK Youth Parliament,she co-founded the Selby Youth council,and then went on to run for and win the local council election as a Labour candidate(候选人)aged just 18.Corrigan plan to use her year in office to further encourage political awareness in the youth of Selby.By breaking a political record of being the youngest woman ever elected inUKhistory,Corrigan hopes this will break the misunderstanding of Selby being a sleepy town with old-fashioned views.“Its an honor to be the Mayor of my lovely hometown,”Corrigan told a newspaper.“I plan on using the year to encourage children and young people to champion their communities.”The politics students election has been supported whole heartedly by the politicians she has worked with throughout her early-developing career,including thebackingof former deputy Prime Minister(副首相)John Prescott.Simon Darvill said in an interview,“I hope that the success of Rosie and others like her encourages more young people to get involved in politics and change where they live for the better.”1.Which statement is true according to Paragraph 2?A.Corrigan is new to the political scene of Selby.B.Corrigan became interested in politics in childhood.C.Corrigan has been living in Selby since she was born.D.Corrigan founded the Selby Youth council by herself.2.What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A.Corrigan plans to further her time in office by at least a year.B.The people of Selby are passive and have out-of-date views.C.Corrigan is the youngest person ever elected inUKhistory.D.Corrigan intends to increase Selbys youthspolitical involvement.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“backing”in Paragraph 4?A.Approval B.Appreciation C.Praise D.Support B We interviewed two people,one who went from the country to the city and one who did the opposite.Janet Lincoln is a salesgirl who moved to St.Louisfive years ago.Heres what Janet told us:“Five years ago I used to live in a small town called Lemon Falls.I grew up and went to high school there.After I graduated I worked in a supermarket.Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people,and I knew every single one of them.They all knew everything about me,too.You couldnt do anything without everyone in town knowing about it.The first chance I got I moved to St.Louis and I love it.I dont know as many people now as I used to,but thats OK.I have a few good friends,and I see them when I want to.I kind of like beinganonymous.Id never go back to Lemon Falls.”Troy Henson had the opposite experience.He and his wife,Darla,and their two children moved from St.Louis to Bloomfield three years ago.Heres what Troy told us:“The best thing we ever did was get out of St.Louis.Dont get me wrong;St.Louis is as good a place as any other city,I suppose if you like cities,that is.We dont.Both Darla and I grew up in St.Louis.We met at college and got married.Then the kids came along and life got difficult.We didnt know any of our neighbors.We both had good jobs,but it always seemed like there was never enough money.That all changed when we moved to Bloomfield.I dont make as much money as I used to,but then we dont have as many expenses as we did.We know our neighbors.Life is good.Wed never leave Bloomfield.”4.What troubled Janet when she was in Lemon Falls?A.She had no friends.B.There was no privacy.C.There was a lot of competition.D.She couldnt find a well-paid job.5.What does the underlined word“anonymous”in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Alone.B.Prepared.C.Sociable.D.Unknown.6.Different from Janet,Troy _.A.prefers country life B.moved to a bigger city C.grew up in a smaller town D.knows little about his new neighbors 7.What is Troys opinion on living in Bloomfield?A.It is a little boring.B.It is quite comfortable.C.It costs a lot of money.D.It creates a safe environment.C My friend and I went traveling inTasmania,Australialast December.We settled in our Airbnb accommodation,a cozy apartment,not long after we arrived inHobart,the capital city.After briefing us on the kitchens facilities and the whereabouts of the bedroom and bathroom,our hostess Geraldine resumed her ironing work,which seemed to have been interrupted by our arrival.She was ironing what looked like security guard uniforms,and we soon found out that she worked in a local prison.And when she detected the curiosity in our tones,she offered a tour at the prison in her SUV.My friend and I exchanged a“this is incredible”look and said“yes”immediately.As we drove,she told us about the buildings that we were passing,the local market and how to get to MONA,Tasmanias well-known contemporary art gallery.And of course we got to hear some background information about the prison.According to our hostess,it currently holds Martin Bryant,a notorious criminal who cheated 35 people out of their property.We could see the high level of security from the layers upon layers of wires surrounding the gray structure inside.Getting to know a city in such a local way is something I would never be able to do by talking to a hotel receptionist,and this is what I like best about the apartment-sharing experience,not to mention the fact that its usually cheaper than hotel rooms.But Im fully aware of the risks of Airbnb,which is why I did my homework before booking onlineI checked the reviews of the accommodation to avoid possible safety problems.That said,it is the mutual trust between a host and a guest that fascinates methe interesting feeling of building a bond with a total stranger.8.Why did the hostess drive us to the prison?A.She planned to send the uniform to the prison.B.She found our curiosity about the prison.C.She wanted to show off her SUV.D.She needed to offer a tour for us.9.Which of the following can best explain the word“notorious”in Paragraph 5?A.Unfamiliar to everyone.B.Particularly disappointing.C.Well known for being bad.D.Extremely generous to others.10.Compared with hotels,what is the writers favorite of the Airbnb accommodation?A.It is cheaper in most cases.B.It supplies a better living condition.C.It offers a much safer accommodation.D.It provides a chance to know local culture.11.What does the author think of finding accommodation on Airbnb?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Neutral.D.Doubtful.D As artificial intelligence(AI)systems become more advanced,we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare.AI is designed to imitate(模仿）the human brain in decision making and learning,so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours,it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine.AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases.Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology(流行病学）。Predicting disease outbreaks can save millions of lives by having resources ready should the worst happen.Startup AIME has successfully combined public health data with machine learning and AI to create a prediction engine capable of anticipating epidemics months in advance with great accuracy.Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics(诊断学）Doctors base a lot of decisions on information from X-ray,CT and MRI images.Speeding up.diagnoses from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and outcomes.Computer vision AIs use pattern recognition to work through these images with incredible speed and accuracy.They have been able to outperform junior doctors and even senior specialists in some tests.Cardiologist(心脏科医生）Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms(超声心动图）by 92 percent to 79 percent.She said that despite the result there is no prospect of AI replacing human doctors any time soon.“As cardiologists,weread the images and then go to see the patient,”she said.“So were both reading images and practicing medicine.I dont think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly.”The acceptance of AI in medicine will continue to gather pace in the future as it becomes more widespread.12.What played a big role in helping AI systems know of human medicine?A.Certain tasks.B.Large data.C.The skill to imitate.D.The increasing demand.13.Why is Startup AIME mentioned in paragraph 3?A.To illustrate predicting disease is possible.B.To call on doctors to focus on public health data.C.To prove its a successful company in global health.D.To let readers realize the importance of early success.14.What do we know about computer vision AIs?A.They do better than doctors in some tests.B.They speed up diagnoses from patient scans.C.They can rapidly improve patients conditions.D.They analyze information from X-ray,CT and MRI images.15.What do Rima Arnaouts words in paragraph 5 imply?A.AIs are not so smart as human doctors.B Its not easy for AIs to take the place of human doctors.C.A cooperation between AIs and human doctors is a must.D.Human doctors are playing a big role in practicing medicine.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Boxing is a popular sport that many people seemto be crazy about.Newspapers,magazines and sports programs on TV frequently cover boxing matches._16_ It seems to me that some people,especially men find it attractive because it is an aggressive(攻击性的)sport.When they watch a boxing match,theycan identify with the winning boxer,and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves.It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time,but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives._17_ However,there is a negative side to boxing._18_Although boxers wear gloves during the fights,and amateur(业余的)boxers even have to wear helmets,there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing,sometimes with terrible results.Boxers have suffered from head injuries,and occasionally,fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring(拳击台)._19_Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out,he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it._20_I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV,andwe welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society.I believe that the world is aggressive enough already!Of course,people like competitive sports,and so do I,but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.A.It can be a very dangerous sport.B.Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.C.In my personal opinion,boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not have a try.D.I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like boxing.E.Furthermore,studies have shown that here are often long-term effects of boxing.F.Professional boxers earn a lot of money,and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.G.It is likely to threaten personal safety of people.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management.As she raised a glass of water,everyone in the class_21_they would be asked the“half-empty or half-full”question._22_,with a smile on her face,she asked the students,“How_23_do you think this glass of water weighs?”Answers called out_24_from 100ml to 300ml.She quieted the students down and then replied,“It does not matter on the weight.It_25_on how long you hold it.If I hold it for a minute,it is OK.If I hold it for an hour,I will have an ache in my right_26_.If I hold it for a day,my arm will feel numb.In each case,the_27_of the glass of water doesnt change,but the_28_I hold it,the heavier it becomes.Why?”Lost in_29_,all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.“Our_30_and worries in life are like that glass of water.If we_31_our burdens all the time,sooner or later,we will feel exhausted,even_32_to carry on._33_you have to do is put all your burdens down,as_34_in the evening as possible.Dont carry_35_through the evening into the night;by doing this,we can get_36_next morning and are able to move forward.More_37_than not,life gets terrible when we think too much.And the moment you_38_your burdens,youll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.So rather than being upset and feeling_39_for yourself,start doing something about it.After all,life is too short to_40_yourself to anything that is not making you happy.21.A.wondered B.agreed C.expected D.argued 22.A.Instead B.Meanwhile C.Anyhow D.Therefore 23.A.full B.little C.heavy D.much 24.A.replied B.ranged C.read D.remained 25.A.holds B.calls C.takes D.depends 26.A.finger B.foot C.arm D.leg 27.A.shape B.function C.size D.weight 28.A.better B.longer C.deeper D.further 29.A.thought B.idea C.plan D.class 30.A.doubts B.joys C.stresses D.surprises 31.A.carry B.cover C.hide D.show 32.A.uncertain B.unhappy C.unaware D.unable 33.A.What B.That C.Whether D.How 34.A.late B.early C.soon D.fast 35.A.this B.that C.them D.it 36.A.reset B.reviewed C.refreshed D.reminded 37.A.usually B.commonly C.ordinarily D.often 38.A.catch up with B.let go of C.put up with D.take care of 39.A.sorry B.satisfied C.happy D.confused 40.A.help B.abandon C.drive D.treat 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chinas Change 5 probe_41._(successful)delivered samples of moon rocks and dust to Earth on December 17,2020,_42._(mark)the first time in 44 years that moon rocks have been brought back to our planet.The sample capsule landed in Inner Mongolia_43._2:00 a.m.Thursday local time.The drop-off was the ending of a 23-day mission that began on November 23,_44._China sent up Change 5 from a site on Hainan Island.The missions goal was_45._(collect)at least four pounds of material and bring it back to Earth.The material collected by Change 5 was from a site in the northwest region of the moons near side.This area was formed more recently,and the rocks here_46._(think)to be only about 1.2 billion years old now.Scientists will carry out the storage,analysis,_47._research of the countrys first samples.That means scientists_48._(study)the ma