2021届南昌市第十二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 届南昌市第十二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A If you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记)that will educate you,comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day,read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane Austen A classic thatnever gets old.Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century,this tale centers around the Bennet family,a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match.Austens story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame,and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science:50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science:50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel Ignotofsky It is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology,science,engineering and mathematics,from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena Favilli It tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day.With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet,this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle Obama We wouldnt be able to write this list without including Michelle Obamas memoir.“Becoming”has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood,family,motherhood,her own FLOTUS impact,the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now.And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1.What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C.To help their daughters marry for true love.D.To make their daughters financially independent.2.Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A.Jane Austens.B.Rachel Ignotofskys.C.Elena Favillis.D.Michelle Obamas.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D.They are all about heroes.B If you think youd like to live on Mars,you may have that possibility by 2023.A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing(开拓)Mars.Ifyou have all the necessary skills,you could be one of the first colonists.Are you ready for the challenge?You wont have to pay for the mission to Mars.Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm.Scientists know its quite possible because something similar has already been done inAntarctica.Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there.When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time,the systems in the body weaken.Luckily,spinning(旋转)the spaceship can create artificial gravity,and artificial gravity can ease these problems.It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home,living in small spaces,and seeing the same people over and over.Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger.Fortunately,a few years ago,a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied peoples reactions in a Mars-like environment.It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists.Are you interested?4.What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?A.They will land on Mars in 2023.B.They can get money from donors.C.They will compete in a TV show.D.They do not need special skills.5.What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?A.Create earth-like conditions.B.Build labs inAntarctica.C.Spin the spaceship.D.Start the Mars500Mission.6.What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?A.Difficult and dangerous.B.Different but adaptable.C.Challenging and unbearable.D.Acceptable but depressing.7.Whats the best title for the text?A.Mars:our final destination?B.Ready to be Mars colonists?C.Space travel:a thrilling adventure?D.Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?C Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death,according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs.In addition,the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especiallyprominentas a protective factor in persons living alone,which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,”Mwenya Mubanga,a Ph.D.student at Uppsala University in Uppsala,Sweden,and the lead junior author of the study,said in a statement announcing its findings.The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners,but still present,according to the study.“Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,”Mubanga added.“Another interesting findingwas that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”The study,which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog,suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more.“These kind of epidemiological(流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,”Tove Fall,a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University,said in a statement“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity,which could be one explanation to the observed results,”Fall added.“Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群)in the owner.”Fall added that because all participants of dog owners in Sweden or other“European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”8.Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million peoples health and the dogs?A.To help Europeans,B.To find their association.C.To protect unhealthy adults.D.To reduce risk of heart disease.9.What does the underlined word“prominent”probably mean in Para.3?A.Universal.B.Confusing.C.Appealing.D.Important 10.Whats the main idea of the text?A.Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.B.Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.C.Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.D.Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.11.Whats the writers attitude towards owning a dog?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Objective.D.Contradictory.D Dear Jack,I remember the moment it truly hit me that your autism(自闭症)lasted forever.I had already mentally planned our trips up north with the boys.I was going to spend endless hours playing baseball with you like Grandpa did with me.When we said goodbye to kindergarten I knew it was real.I spent some time being sad.Now you are 8.You still have no words.We have never had one of those father-son moments I pictured when you were a baby.But Im learning thats OK.I still have unbelievable things to offer as your dad,even if they werent the things I originally expected.You have taught me to be patient.You have taught me that its OK to be different and to be sad when life doesnt go as planned.You have taught me that it is OK to talk about those feelings and fight for what is right.Stand up and say this is wrong,and encourage others to stand up for you and say the same.My job on this earth is to create a world for you and other kids like you.Be the voice you dont have,and build the kind of community which I want to see you grow up in.I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them.Before you were born,I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldnt have even noticed.Now,I see things differently.I notice.You did that for me.And hope my example will do that for others.Your mom and I have spent 8 years trying to find your voice.And honestly,we dont know if we ever will.I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you.12.To whom is the text written?A.The authors son.B.The authors wife.C.The authors father.D.The authors friend.13.What can be learned about the author?A.Hes at a loss what to do to help Jack.B.Hes to blame for Jack s present condition.C.He has changed his attitude to the disabled.D.He hasnt accepted the reality up to now.14.How does the author sound in the text?A.Sympathetic.B.Caring.C.Regretful.D.Indifferent.15.In which section of a magazine may this text appear?A.Science.B.Entertainment.C.Sports.D.Relationship.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 余选项。As people around me know,I love science very much.Some people dont quite understand why and they find it strange that some people love science so much._16_Schoolchildren are not encouraged to think about and explore the naturalworld,and many children dont love science because they are given boring homework.There is a part of science that isnt often provided at school.It is to get schoolchildren to think why something works in a certain way._17_ What science means to me is not only explaining why things work in a certain way or providing answers for rather simple things,but also it allows my mind to wander(漫游),which helps me a lot._18_It is as if a flood of images about all sorts of possibilities comes into my mind and I finally choose the right one.Sometimes,when I have truly understood something,the hair on the back of my neck stands up.I ofteneducate myself on many matters of science,and the beauty of it is that I understand how so much of it all works._19_I am able to really understand the explanation behind things,as well._20_There are so many opportunities,so many things unknown,and I want to be a part of it all.It is what makes me happy.To understand it all,to look at something and know how it works in detail and to get a better picture of the workings of the worldit is truly exciting.A.Interest is the best teacher.B.For me,science is how I understand the world.C.I do not only remember the existing knowledge.D.I think that a large part of it comes with how science is taught at school.E.If students do this often,they may become interested in science step by step.F.It is quite difficult for us to imagine what the world will be like in the future.G.One of the greatest benefits is when I learn about a complex theory and understand it.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses.Turning our weaknesses into strengths makes us_21_.A 12-year-old boy,Kim overcame his weakness by unknowingly making it his_22_.Poor Kim_23_his left arm in a terrible accident and was_24_.To cheer him up,his father made him join a Judo（柔道）club.As the boy always wanted to learn Judo,his father thought this would make him_25_.Everyone wondered how a single-armed boy could learn Judo._26_,the master happily accepted him.Kim practiced nothing but a single stroke（击）.He trained for all 8 months in mastering a single stroke.The boy was_27_and sometimes annoyed as his master taught him only one stroke.Yet,he said nothing.The boy mastered the stroke and grew in confidence as_28_could do that particular stroke better.The boy was_29_by the master to compete in a Judo championship tournament Everyone_30_Kim and his master.Even the boy was not sure about why his master had chosen him.To everyones surprise,Kim easily_31_six competitors with his single stroke.He struggled a bit in the semi-finals but managed to win the match.Then the final match began.The opponent（对手）was very strong and the referee（裁判）_32_with Kims master about stopping the match as he feared the opponent could_33_Kim.However,his master_34_and told Kim to continue the match.With a huge effort,Kim_35_the match.Kim thought it was_36_and asked his master how he had become champion.His master told him“My dear boy,you learned the most_37_stroke in Judo that very few can master to perfection.If your opponent wants to beat you and_38_you from using the stroke,they should hold your left arm.This was the_39_behind your victory!*If the boy turned his weakness,the loss of his left arm,into such a great_40_.why cant we?21.A.brave B.reliable C.powerful D.flexible 22.A.chance B.strength C.interest D.choice 23.A.bent B.raised C.broke D.lost 24.A.heartbroken B.impatient C.embarrassed D.angry 25.A.popular B.normal C.happy D.special 26.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Otherwise 27.A.excited B.nervous C.ambitious D.surprised 28.A.somebody B.nobody C.everybody D.anybody 29.A.taught B.picked C.forced D.paid 30.A.feared B.admired C.knew D.doubted 31.A.shook B.hurt C.beat D.hit 32.A.discussed B.competed C.agreed D.quarreled 33.A.frighten B.blame C.harm D.move 34.A.struggled B.refused C.begged D.regretted 35.A.ignored B.organized C.watched D.won 36.A.unbelievable B.strange C.unacceptable D.satisfying 37.A.suitable B.standard C.terrible D.difficult 38.A.prevent B.protect C.save D.excuse 39.A.effort B.reality C.secret D.meaning 40.A.fun B.success C.challenge D.dream 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Nowadays,mushroom hunting is becoming more and more popular in many parts of theUnited States.Mushroom hunters spend hours,even days,in wooded areas_41._(search)for wild mushrooms.They say mushroom hunting has changed their relationship with the environment._42._(find)mushrooms,they must walk slowly.So,they get a chance to see the birds,the trees,little animals life and everything._43._is necessary to pay close attention to the_44._(detail)on trees and on the ground.Experts say eating mushrooms_45._(be)good for health.Mushrooms contain the mineral selenium(硒).It_46._(contain)in most fruit and vegetables,too.This mineral helps the liver to work_47._(proper).The mineral also helps to pre