2021届天津市塘沽区第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 届天津市塘沽区第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Contact CCAs Special Programs to learn more about our wide range of credit and noncredit opportunities for academic and personal development.Summer Program An exceptional 4-week program for students currently completing their study of high school.Earn 3 college credits!Our setting is CCAs Oakland campus,where studio-focused,college-level courses help you push beyond concepts to portfolio(作品集)ready pieces.On-campus Housing&Scholarships available!Summer Courses CCA offers about 35 for-creditdegree courses each summer,scheduled on theSan FranciscoandOaklandcampuses.Undergraduate and graduate students can work with a visiting artist,develop skills and stay on track for graduation by earning credits.all while still allowing time to visit family,work,travel,etc.For information about summer housing,please contact the Office of Residential Life at 510594722 or*.Summer Start Summer Start is a six-week program designed specifically for international undergraduate and graduate students.This is a for-credit program;students receive six credits towards their degree.During the program,you must live on CCAsSan Franciscocampus.Tuition includes six units of discounted graduate college credit,which will include books,field trip expenses and one-on-one tutoring.Housing fees include six weeks at CCAs San Francisco Panoramic Residence.Company-Customized Programs CCAs Office of Special Programs can design customized workshops to develop and strengthen employee skills within your company.Customized programs have included:An Ideation Sketching class,for the design team of a national clothing retailer,scheduled Friday afternoons onSan Franciscocampus.Software-specific workshops,for designers from a national paper products and gifts retailer,scheduled in a two-day workshop format during the week on ourOaklandcampus.1.Who would most potentially apply for Summer Program?A.Employees in companies.B.International undergraduate and graduate students.C.High school graduates.D.Undergraduate and graduate students.2.What can students do if they take Summer Courses?A.Go on a field trip.B.Visit famous artists.C.Make some friends.D.Earn some credits.3.What are students required to do if they take Summer Start?A.Live on one of the campuses.B.Pay school fees in advance.C.Read as many books as possible.D.Complete the courses on time.B A man in Indonesia is walking backwards for 435 miles.Hes making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesias rainforests.Medi Bastoni is 43 years old.He is an Indonesian.Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands.There are over 16,000 islands there，and most of them are covered with rainforests.But on Java,where Mr.Bastoni lives,far more forests have been cleared.Mr.Bastoni believes its important to protect forests from being cut down,and to restore(恢复)them when they have been destroyed.Near his home,Mount Wilis is now being restored,but Mr.Bastoni wants to make the protection continue.Thats how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.And walking backwards?Mr.Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past.Walking backwards is a good way to get attention.Right now,Mr.Bastonis backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.Mr.Bastoni is wearing a frame(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him,above his head.This allows Mr.Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards.Besides,Mr.Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food.He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way.He has been sleeping at police stations,security posts,and even strangers homes during the trip.His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day.In early August he was in Sragen-about 100 miles from his home.Its not clear whether Mr.Bastoni is still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17.4.What do we know about rainforests in Indonesia?A.Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world.B.The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java.C.The islands there are all covered by rainforests.D Local people pay great attention to rainforests.5.Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk?A With the purpose of fighting climate change.B.With the aim of becoming a healthy person.C.With the hope of rebuilding rainforests.D.With deep love for traditional sports.6.Whats the function of the large mirror?A.To make sure of Mr.Bastonis safety.B.To show Mr.Bastonis position correctly.C.To allow Mr.Bastoni to look forwards easily.D.To help Mr.Bastoni enjoy views on the road.7.What can be the best title for the text?A.The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia.B.The importance of rainforests to Indonesia.C.A trip to recall history and attract attention.D.A walking backwards trip to save rainforests.C Ask a classroom of children to draw a scientist,and youll see plenty of color1 ed lab coats and glasses.The image(画像)hasnt changed much since the 1960s,but the person wearing the lab coat is changing.A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids?drawings in recent decades going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016.The first of many“draw-a-scientist studies asked nearly 5,000 children to draw a scientist between 1966 and 1977.Of those 5,000 drawings,only 28 drew female scientists.That was just 0.56 percent.Today,female scientists are being presented more in the media.For example,in a content analysis,13 percent of people pictured in science feature stories of the 1960s were women or girls,compared with 44 percent in the 2000s.“That might really affect childrens idea on what a scientist should be like,”says Miller,a Ph.D.candidate in psychology.To look for changes in childrensperceptionover time,the researchers conducted a meta-analysis,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade.On average,28 percent of children drew female scientists in studies conducted from 1965 to 2016.What hasnt changed much:kids pick up stereotypes(模式化观念）by gender(性别）as they grow up.At age 6,about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studiesdrew female scientists.By age 16,75 percent drew male scientists.This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes.Its important that teachers and parents present diverse examples of both male and female scientists.8.Whats the picture of scientists drawn by a 1960s,kid like?A.A man with long curly hair.B.A woman with lab glasses.C.A woman in a formal lab suit.D.A man in a color1 ed lab coat.9.What may contribute to the changes in kids drawings?A.The improvement of women social status.B.The kids are affected by teachers and parents.C.More female scientists appear in the media.D.The increasing number of female scientists.10.What does the underlined word“perception”in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.Belief.B.Idea.C.Habit.D.Growth.11.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that.A.its a stereotype that scientists are generally males B.girls are more influenced by stereotypes than boys C.some children are born with certain stereotypes D.most children tend to prefer female scientists D Sophie became friends with the gray squirrels during her first week atPennState,after spotting them running around and wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads.Today,everyone at the university knows her as the“Squirrel Girl”.Sophie tried bringing them food,and gradually they began to trust her.She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture.Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits,she started posting similar photos on Facebook.The response was greatly positive,and before long Sophie and her squirrels became an Internetsensation.Growing up in a neighborhood outside ofState College,Sophie was always fond of birds and animals around her home,but she didnt interact with people very much.She was later diagnosed(诊断)with Aspergers syndrome,but the squirrels changed that.“The squirrels help me break the ice,because Ill be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,”she said,“I am a lot more outgoing.”And in case youre wondering how Sophie is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos,it has a lot to do with food.For example,whenever she wants them to hold or play with something,she puts peanut butter on the prop(道具),and theyll grab it.In the beginning,she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them,but they hesitated to approach her.She had the patience to earn their trust,though.This year,Sophie is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences.She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment.As for her furry friends,Sophie plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.12.What does the underlined word“sensation”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Event.B.Hit.C.Service.D.Addiction.13.What can we learn about Sophie according to paragraph 3?A.She got lots of friends due to squirrels.B.She used to be a popular girl in her childhood.C.She lived in the far countryside when young.D.She was more outgoing than before.14.How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?A.By attracting them with food.B.By putting them in cages.C.By playing music to them.D.By dressing like squirrels.15.What do you think of Sophie?A.Tolerant and capable.B.Sociable and aggressive.C.Patient and caring.D.Indifferent and appreciative.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 _16_While these compulsive(无法控制的)actions may appear to be irrational or pointless,and may even result in negative consequences,the individual experiencing the compulsion feels unable to stop him or herself.The compulsive behavior can be a physical act,like hand washing,or a mental activity,like counting objects.When an otherwise harmless behavior becomes so consuming that it negatively impacts oneself or others,it may be a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)(强迫症)._17_The former is an overwhelming desire to do something,while an addiction is a physical or chemical dependence on a substance or behavior.People with addictions will continue their addictive behavior,even when they understand that doing so is harmful to themselves and others._18_ Unlike compulsions and addictions,which are acted out uncontrollably,habits are actions that are repeated regularly and automatically.Habits typically develop over time through a natural process called“habituation,”during which repetitive actions that must be consciously initiated eventually become subconscious and are carried out habitually.While there are good habits and bad,unhealthy habits,any habit can become a compulsion or even an addiction._19_For example,the good habit of exercising regularly can become an unhealthy compulsion or addiction when done to excess.Common habits often develop into addictions when they result in a chemical dependency,as in the cases of smoking.The habit of having a glass of beer with dinner,for example,becomes an addiction when the desire to drink turns into a physical or emotional need to drink._20_While we can choose to add good healthy habits to our routines,we can also choose to break old harmful habits.A A compulsion is different from an addiction.B.It currently affects about 1 in 40 adults and 1 in 100 children in theU.S.C.Some of these behaviors are visible actions while others are mental behaviors.D.In other words,you really can have“too much of a good thing.”E.Compulsive behaviors are actions that a person feels“compelled”or driven to do over and over again.F.Alcoholism,smoking,and gambling are perhaps the most common examples of addictions.G.Of course,the key difference between a compulsive behavior and a habit is the ability to choose to do them or not.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 This past summer,I applied for my very first job at a small bakery in my neighborhood.I knew thatif I were_21_there,I would learn how to use a cash register,prepare sandwiches,and_22_cake orders.I imagined that my biggest struggle would be_23_demanding New Yorkers,but I never thought that the act of tying a box would become both my biggest_24_and greatest teacher.On my first day of work in late August,one of the employees quickly explained the_25_.It seemed simple:wrap the string(绳子)around your hand,then wrap it three times around the box both ways,and fasten it.I_26_the message in my head,“three times,turn it,three times,_27_it”until it became my habit.After observing several employees,it was_28_that anyone tying the box could complete it in a matter of seconds.For weeks,I_29_endlessly,only to watch the strong and small pieces of my pride unravel(散开)each time I tried.As I_30_to push half-tied cake boxes into plastic bags withembarrassment,I could not help but_31_what was wrong with me._32_the weeks progressed,my skills slowly began to improve._33_there were days when I just wanted to throw all of the_34_in thetrash and use tape(胶带)instead;this sense of defeat was never_35_,but remarks like“Oh,you must be_36_”from impatient customers made me angry and determined to try even harder.Gradually I began to realize that I should not be_37_if it takes me longer to learn.I kept on,and I continued to tie boxes every weekend at work.Even though I occasionally fell back into_38_,I always rewrapped the string around my hand and_39_over because I learned that the most satisfying victoriescome from not_40_.21.A.impressed B.hired C.kept D.promoted 22.A.fill B.cancel C.place D.take 23.A.identifying B.memorizing C.guiding D.serving 24.A.friend B.wish C.challenge D.hobby 25.A.process B.meaning C.puzzle D.theory 26.A.sent B.repeated C.applied D.weighed 27.A.try B.cut C.turn D.tie 28.A.possible B.clear C.funny D.interesting 29.A.prayed B.labored C.explored D.applied 30.A.rushed B.deserved C.offered D.requested 31.A.ask B.wander C.admit D.recognize 32.A.Until B.As C.Once D.Before 33.A.In general B.In time C.Above all D.Of course 34.A.emotion B.cake C.failure D.string 35.A.wanted B.recognized C.forgiven D.treasured 36.A.young B.lazy C.new D.talented 37.A.sympathetic B.ashamed C.unsatisfied D.relaxed 38.A.desperation B.dependence C.hesitation D.terror 39.A.handed B.turned C.started D.took 40.A.showing up B.giving up C.bringing up D.taking up 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Why do mosquitoes prefer biting some people_41._others?Experts estimate that around 85%of the reason why mosquitoes prefer you is genetic.Mosquitoes will especially come after you,if you have the perfect _42._(combine)of genetics and scent.Theres also stuff on your skin_43._attracts them.Youll_44._(probable)suffer more_45._(