山东省沂源县第二中学2022-2023学年英语高三第一学期期末统考模拟试题含解析.pdf
2022-2023 高三上英语期末模拟试卷 注意事项 1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用 05 毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置 3 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符 4作答选择题，必须用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用 05 毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效 5如需作图，须用 2B 铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗 第一部分（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）1I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos _ in the National Geographic and on the cover!Ato be featured Bfeatured Cbeing featured Dto feature 2I ve heard that preparations_for the coming festival.Lets give them a hand.Aare being made Bhave been made Care making Dhave made 3 on one foot with your eyes closeDand you will soon lose your balance.AStanding BStood CTo stand DStand 4That was not the first time he _ us.I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.Abetrayed,take Bhad betrayed,took Chas betrayed,took Dhas betrayed,take 5Well go early ，we may not get a seat AOtherwise BMeanwhile CHowever DBesides 6 _ the oil under the sea,the company has raised ample funds to develop petroleum exploration equipment.AExploiting BHaving exploited CTo exploit DExploited 7Why do you turn to me for help _ you can easily work out the problem independently?Auntil Bwhen Cafter Dunless 8-What do you think of zoology?-In my opinion,zoology is _ botany.Aa subject so interesting as Bas a interesting subject as Cas interesting a subject as Dinteresting as a subject as 9Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often _ the best qualities of a person.Acheer up Btake over Cbring out Dput away 10 students English well,the teacher tries to speak English in class very often.ATeaching BTaught CTo teach DTeach 11When caught _ in the exam,he begged for the teachers pardon and tried _ punishment.Acheating;escaping Bto be cheating;to escape Ccheating;to escape Dto be cheating;escaping 12Ken,_,but the music you are enjoying is too loud.Oh,Im terribly sorry.Ill turn it down on the spot.AI am really tired of this BI need your help CId like to talk with you DI hate to say this 13You can use a large plastics bottle,_ cut off,as a plot to grow flowers in.Awith its top Bthe top of which Cwhose top Dits top is 14I am always delighted when receiving your invitation,_ the party on June 9th after the national college entrance examination,I shall be pleased to attend.AOn account of BWith regard to CIn response to DIn view of 15What did she want to know,Tom?She wondered we could complete the experiment Awhen was it that Bit was when that Cit was when Dwhen it was that 16_regular training in nursing,she could hardly cope with the work at first.ANot received BSince receiving CHaving not received DNot having received 17Have you got these jeans in _ larger size?This pair is a bit too small around _ waist.Aa;the B/;the Cthe;/Da;a 18We strongly advise you _ eating your meal so late.Its not healthy.Aon Bagainst Cfrom Dover 19The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate,but on this occasion she seemed to _ the diners.Aignore Bidentify Capplaud Dsatisfy 20Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I _ as well as her.Adance Bwill dance Chad danced Ddanced 第二部分 阅读理解（满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6 分）On a college camping trip,curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to study shorelines around the world.Thirty years later and now a U.S.Geological Survey research geologist,Thieler,is combining science and smartphone technology to help study a bird,which is dying out,the Atlantic Coast piping plover.The piping plover is a shorebird that lives along the Atlantic Coast,the Great Lakes and the Great Plains.Rising sea level associated with climate change,as well as increased development of their beach habitats（栖息地）,threatens the species.To help track changes in piping plover habitats,Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012.This is a marked change from the typical way scientists collect data.Since releasing iPlover,scientists have gathered data across 1,500 km of breeding range.That equals about a third of the distance across the U.S.,which is a large area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast.Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site,a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data,allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently.It also allows them to collect data at the same time during each breeding season,providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time.And fast,centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get a real-time idea of where and how piping plovers are using their habitats.While iPlover is used by trained field staff,other apps like the U.S.Geological Surveys web-based“iCoast Did the Coast Change?”invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparing aerial（从飞机上的）photographs taken before and after storms.All the information scientists and citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and state agencies create policy plans for addressing climate change impacts（影响）worldwide.1、What can we know about the piping plover?AIts behaviour is changing.BIts habitat is growing bigger.CIts living environment is becoming worse.DIts breeding range is limited to the Atlantic Coast.2、Why did Thieler develop iPlover？ATo study shorelines across America.BTo advance information technology.CTo study global climate change.DTo monitor changes of piping plover habitats.3、Which of the following benefits the shorebird?AThe camping equipment.BResearch on smartphones.CThe changeable coast.DProgress in technology.4、What would be the best title of the text?AProtecting Endangered Shorebirds BRob Thieler,a Creative Scientist CiPlover,a Tool for Training Field Staff DDifferences Between iPlover and iCoast 22（8 分）As free as they make us,mobile phones still need to stay close to a power source.Soon that may change with green power.Three Chilean students got the idea for a plant-powered device(装置)to charge their cellphones,while sitting in their schools outdoor courtyard during a break from exams,with dead mobile phones.Then,one of them had an aha moment.“It occurred to Camila to say about plants,said inventor Evelyn Aravena.Why dont you have a socket,if there are so many plants?After that,we thought,why dont they have a charging outlet?Because there are so many plants and living things that have the potential to produce energy,why not?Their invention a small biological circuit called E-Kaia-uses the energy plants to produce during photosynthesis(光合作用).A plant uses only a small part of that energy and the rest goes into the soil,and thats where the E-Kaia collects it.The device plugs into the ground and then into your phone.Its the most amazing project Ive ever seen in my life,plain and simple.They brought this original model,and it worked and thats when it all changed,at least from my personal point of view and I began to support them.said Mauricio Cifuentes.The device solved two problems for the engineering students they needed an idea for a class project,and an outlet to plug in their phones.Looking for a place to charge the notebook,which had no power,and the mobile phones,we werent able to find anything because all the other students were in the same state of madness trying to find a place to charge their devices,said Aravena.But plants are everywhere,and the biocircuit makes the best of their excess(过多的)power.The E-Kaia doesnt carry much charge but its powerful enough to completely recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.The student inventors have applied for patents on their technology,and expect the E-Kaia to go on sale in December 2016.1、How could the students get the green power idea?ABy carrying out an experiment.BJust from an occasional thought.CWith the support of their professors.DEnlightened(启发)by the information in a science book.2、How does the device work?A By using the energy during photosynthesis.B By using a small biological circuit.CBy using the electricity stored in the device.DBy using a device buried in the ground.3、What can we learn from what Mauricio Cifuentes said?AHe intended to buy the patent.BThe device was made in a rough way.CHe showed great interest in the device.DHe attempted to produce the device in large numbers.4、What might be the best title for the passage?AA New Device to Change the World BGreen Power-A New and Potential Source CChilean Students Find A Green Way to Charge Phones DA New Device Invented by Chilean Students Will Be on Sale 23（8 分）Your 38 Reading List,Provided by Bill Gates Most of us cant live like billionaire Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates,but we can read like him.Gates recommended four books in 38though some were published earlier.Leonardo da Vinci,by Walter Isaacson(37)The bestselling biographer of Steve Jobs and Albert Einstein researched deeply into da Vincis contributions beyond art,highlighting the breadth of his scientific,technological,and creative output.“Leonardo nearly understood almost all of what was known on the planet at the time.Thats mostly because of his curiosity about every area of natural science and the human experience,”said Gates.The Best We Could Do:An Illustrated Memoir,by Thi Bui(37)Gates calls this graphic novel“really impressive”.Bui is the daughter of Vietnamese refugees who came to America after the fall of Saigon,and becoming a parent inspired her to look into her own parents miserable history.“I was struck by how the experiences Bui illustrates manage to be both universal and specific to their circumstances,”said Gates.Lincoln in the Bardo,by George Saunders(38)Saunders,a long-time short story writer,won high praise for this novel.The book imagines the ghosts that haunt(萦绕)the basement of Willie Lincoln,Abraham Lincolns son,who died at 11 in real life.“Willies death after the Civil War made the president have a new understanding of the grief hes creating in other families by sending their sons off to die in battle,”said Gates.Origin Story:A Big History of Everything,by David Christian(38)This new book is by the creator of Big History,a free,online social studies course.It traces history in wide,sweeping movements,starting with the Big Bang,and it provides,in effect,a short course in modern science.This is a brief history of the universe.“David gets a little stuck on the current economic and political problems in the West,and I wish he talked more about the role innovation will play in preventing the worst effects of climate change,”said Gates.1、Which books refer to the field of science?AOrigin Story and Leonardo da Vinci.BLincoln in the Bardo and Origin Story.CLeonardo da Vinci and The Best We Could Do.DThe Best We Could Do and Lincoln in the Bardo.2、If you are interested in thrillers,whose book will you most probably choose?AWalter Isaacson.BThi Bui.CGeorge Saunders.DDavid Christian.3、Which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe Best We Could Do is an autobiography.BLincoln in the Bardo has been warmly received.CDavid Christian talks much about the part that innovation will play.DReaders can only read about Leonardo da Vincis contributions towards art.24（8 分）Babies made from three people approved in UK Babies made from two women and one man have been approved by the UKs fertility regulator.The historic and controversial move is to prevent children from being born with deadly genetic diseases.Doctors in Newcastle who developed the advanced form of In Vitro Fertilization or IVF(人工授精)are expected to be the first to offer the procedure and have already appealed for donor eggs.The first such child could be born,at the earliest,by the end of 2017.Some families have lost multiple children to incurable mitochondrial(线粒体的)diseases,which can leave people with insufficient energy to keep their heart beating.The diseases are passed down from only the mother,so a technique using a donor egg as well as the mothers egg and fathers sperm has been developed.The resulting child has a tiny amount of their DNA from the donor,but the procedure is legal and reviews say it is ethical(伦理的)and scientifically ready.“It is a decision of historic importance,”said Sally Cheshire,chairwoman of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority(HFEA).“Im sure patients will be really pleased by what weve decided today.”But some scientists have questioned the ethics of the technique,saying it could open the door to genetically-modified(转基因)designer babies.The HFEA must approve every clinic and every patient before the procedure can take place.Three-person babies have been allowed only in cases where the risk of a child developing mitochondrial disease is very high.Prof Mary Herbert,from the Newcastle Fertility Centre,said,“It is enormously pleasing that our many years of research in this area can finally be applied to help families affected by these devastating diseases”.“Now that we are moving forward towards clinical treatments,we will also need donors to donate eggs for use in treatment to prevent affected women transmitting disease to their children.”Prof Sir Doug Turnbull,the director of the Welcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research at Newcastle University,said,“We are delighted by todays decision.We will also provide long-term follow up of any children born.”NHS England has agreed to fund the treatment costs of the first trial of three-person IVF for those women who meet the HFEA criteria,as long as they agree to long-term follow up of their children after they are born.1、Why is it historically important to approve babies made from three people?AIt helps couples who lose the ability to give birth to a baby.BIt marks a foundation stone to change babies appearances before birth.CIt stops deadly genetic diseases passing down to newly-born babies.DIt turns out to be an advanced form of In Vitro Fertilization.2、Which of the following is TRUE about mitochondrial diseases?AThey pass down on to babies from their parents.BThey prevent peoples heart from functioning normally.CSome children infected can be cured with proper treatment.DBabies can be infected with them through a donors egg.3、How can a clinic or a patient be approved of applying the three-person baby technique?AOnly when the baby to be born needs it to survive.BOnly when the patient gets financially prepared.COnly when the clinic gets scientifically ready.DOnly when the technique is ethnically accepted.4、What is the authors attitude towards the approval of babies made from three people?ASupportive BIndifferent CWorried DObjective 25（10 分）Due to light pollution present everywhereglare from too much misaimed night lighting80%of Europe and North America no longer experiences real darkness.For anyone living near a major metropolis,a satellite image of the Milky Way(银河)seems abstract；We understand it to be a document of something true,but our understanding is purely theoretical.In 1994,after a pre-dawn earthquake cut power to most of Los Angeles,the Griffith Observatory received phone calls from frightened local people asking about“the strange sky”.What those calle
