江苏省泰安市长城中学2022年英语高三第一学期期末监测模拟试题含解析.pdf
2022-2023 高三上英语期末模拟试卷 考生请注意：1答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）1The infrastructure project has consumed so much money that we cant find any financial support and have to _.Apull out Bpull through Ccatch up Dcatch on 2The use of computers has made _ possible for more people to work at home.Ait Bthat Cwhich Dwhat 3The boy the first prize,but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.Amust have gained Bneed have gained Ccould have gained Dshall have gained 4-Where is the plane？I cant see it.-It went off its _ to keep away from the sudden storm.Acourse Broad Cflight Ddirection 5The government officials met the workers and engineers working on the stadium,most_ were migrant workers Aof which Bof who Cof whom Dof them 6_ caught in the rain unexpectedly,we still enjoyed the journey very much.AWhen BAs CUnless DAlthough 7This raw chocolate tastes pretty delicious due to _ amount of melted pure fresh cream.Aequal Bgenerous Cinsufficient Dtiny 8People expect Shanghai Disneyland Park to offer better service than _ of Tokyos.Athis Bit Cone Dthat 9Could you possilby take to the railway station tomorrow?ANo way BNever mind CNot at all DNo problem 10 Efforts will be made to_ new teaching models to exploit the students potential.Aaccelerate Binnovate Cdifferentiate Dcompile 11While we were listening to the speech attentively,a voice _ to announce the result of the election.Abroke in Bbroke up Cbroke off Dbroke down 12He liked the lovely dog so much that he _ his book and played with it immediately.Agave off Bset aside Ctook over Dturned down 13 Last year I applied to Princeton University I _ they would say yesbut they did,and now here I am Anever think Bam never thinking Chave never thought Dnever thought 14Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n)_ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.Amodest Bequal Cconsiderable Dexact 15The health of garden plants depends on the soil _-the proper balance of mineral pieces,organic matter,air and water.Aconstruction Bconservation Ccorporation Dcomposition.16Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just _sweet dreams.Akeep up with Bput up with Cend up with Dcatch up with 17If the traffic so heavy,I could have been back by 6 oclock.Ahadnt been Bwasnt Ccouldnt be Dhasnt been 18Excuse me,sir,didnt you see the red light?Sorry,my mind _ somewhere else.Ahas been wandering Bwas wandered Cwas wandering Dhas been wandered 19High-speed trains which travel through my hometown _ up to 250 km per hour make it a small world.Awith Bagainst Cat Dover 20Kate was very sad over loss of the photos she had shot in China,_this was a memory she especially treasured.Aif Bwhen Cas Dwhich 第二部分 阅读理解（满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6 分）Oxford and Cambridge have now decided to remove the words CANT and IMPOSSIBLE from their dictionary.Jessica Cox,born in 1983,in Arizona,is the worlds first licensed armless pilot.The girl from Tucson,Arizona got the Sport Pilot certificate lately and became the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet.Jessica Cox was born without arms,but that has only stopped her from doing one thing:using the word cant.Cox graduated from the University of Arizona in 2005 with a bachelors degree in psychology and a minor in communications.Cox has not used prosthetic arms since she turned 14.Using her feet as most people use their hands,she is able,among other things,to drive an unmodified car with an unrestricted license,to type on a keyboard at 25 words per minute,and to put in and remove her contact lenses.Jessica Cox flew in a single engine airplane for the first time via Wright Flight in 2005.Cox earned her pilots certificate on October 10,2008 after three years of training and is qualified to fly a light-sport aircraft to altitude of 10,000 feet.“Shes a good pilot.Shes rock solid,”said Parrish Traweek,42,the flying instructor at San Manuels Ray Blair Airport.Parrish Traweek runs PC Aircraft Maintenance and Flight Services and has trained many pilots,some of whom didnt come close to Coxs abilities.Doctors never learned why she was born without arms,but she figured out early that she didnt want to use prosthetic devices.So,the next time you are ready to tell yourself,I cant possibly.remember this amazing young woman and change your vocabulary.1、What can we learn from the first paragraphs?AOxford and Cambridge felt a little disappointed.BNo armless people had got a pilot certificate before.CJessica Cox wasnt allowed to use the word“cant”.DThe word“cant”would disappear from the English dictionary.2、What do you think of Jessica Cox?AShe is a clever and brave girl.BShe is positive and determined.CShe is indeed a poorly educated girl.DShe only takes interest in aircraft.3、What does the underlined word“prosthetic mean in Paragraph 3?Aartificial Bdamaged Cunusual Dabnormal 4、After graduating from university,Jessica Cox _.Asuffered failure when searching for jobs.Bmade a start to take training to become a pilot Cdecided to use her feet as most people use hands.Dtried her best to take care of herself in her daily life.22（8 分）For all the technological wonders of modem medicine,health care-with its fax machines and clipboards(写字板)is out of date.This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as the industry catches up with the artificial-intelligence(AI)revolution.Eric Topol,an expert in heart disease and enthusiast for digital medicine,thinks AI will be particularly useful for such tasks as examining images,observing heart traces for abnormalities or turning doctors words into patient records.It will be able to use masses of data to work out the best treatments,and improve workflows in hospitals.In short,AI is set to save time,lives and money.The fear some people have is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly-line culture of modem medicine.If it gives a“gift of time”to doctors,they argue that this bonus should be used to extend consultations,rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently.That is a fine idea,but as health swallows an ever-bigger share of national wealth,greater efficiency is exactly what is needed,at least so far as governments and insurers are concerned.Otherwise,rich societies may fail to cope with the needs of ageing and growing populations.An extra five minutes spent chatting with a patient is costly as well as valuable.The AI revolution will also enable managerial accountants to adjust and evaluate every aspect of treatment.The autonomy of the doctor will surely be weakened,especially,perhaps,in public-health systems which are duty-bound to cut unnecessary costs.The Hippocratic Oath(誓言)holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science,and that“warmth,sympathy and understanding may outweigh the surgeons knife or the chemists drug”.Theres lots of sense in it:the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to recover better.Yet as the supply of human carers fails to satisfy the demand for health care,the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by chatbots.The considerately warmed stethoscope(听诊器),placed gently on a patients back,may become a relic of the past.1、Whats Dr Topols attitude toward AIs coming into medicine?AConcerned.BDoubtful.COptimistic.DCautious.2、What does the author of the text attach more importance to?AMedical costs.BNational wealth.CLonger consultation.DGreater efficiency.3、Why is the Hippocratic Oath mentioned?ATo prove the bright future of AI.BTo show the advantage of a human doctor.CTo explain medical equipment is more important.DTo argue a human doctor performs as well as a robot.4、What may be the best title for the text?AHealth care and AI BAI and its applications CDoctors and Patients DDr Topol and digital medicine 23（8 分）My father was always a good gardener.One of my earliest memories is standing without shoes in the freshly tilled(翻耕的)soil,my hands blackened from digging in the ground.As a child,I loved following Dad around in the garden,I remember Dad pushing the tiller(耕作机)ahead in perfectly straight lines.Dad loved growing all sorts of things:yellow and green onions,watermelons almost as big as me,rows of yellow com,and our favorite red tomatoes.As I grew into a teenager,I didnt get so excited about gardening with Dad.Instead of magical land of possibility,it had turned into some kind of prison.As Dad grew older,his love for gardening never disappeared.After all the kids were grown and had started families of their own,Dad turned to gardening like never before.Even when he was diagnosed with cancer,he still took care of his garden.But then,the cancer,bit by bit,invaded his body.I had to do the things he used to do.What really convinced me that Dad was dying was the state of his garden that year.The rows and rows of multicolored vegetables were gone.Too tired to weed them,he simply let them be.He only planted tomatoes.For the first few years after he died,I couldnt even bear to look at anyones garden without having strong memories pour over me like cold water from a bucket.Three years ago,I decided to plant my own garden and started out with just a few tomatoes.That morning,after breaking up a fair amount of soil,something caught the comer of my eye and I had to smile,It was my eight-year-old son Nathan,happily playing in the freshly tilled soil.1、Why did the author like the garden when he was a child?AThe garden was planted with colorful flowers.BThe garden was just freshly tilled by his father.CHe loved what his father grew in the garden.DHe enjoyed being in the garden with his father.2、When all the kids started their own families,the authors father .Adevoted more to gardening Bturned to other hobbies Cstopped his gardening Dfocused on planting tomatoes 3、What happened to the garden when the authors father was seriously ill?AThe authors son took charge of it.BNo plant grew in the garden at all.CThe garden was almost deserted.DIt brought the author a great harvest.4、We can infer from the last paragraph that .Athe authors son played happily in the garden Bthe authors son reminded him of his own father Cthe authors son was very glad to help the author Dthe authors son will continue gardening as well 24（8 分）Its hair-raising news for criminals on the run.Scientists behind a new study have worked out how to identify individuals only based on the proteins(蛋白质)in a single strand of their hair.While the police already look at DNA from hair as part of investigations,the technique is far from ideal:DNA is easily degradable,meaning it can only be analyzed within a certain time period after the crime.But the new technique could even be used to solve historical or archaeological cases,making it far superior to DNA sequencing in many ways.DNA degradation depends on several environmental factors including temperature,humidity and PH.It is also affected by the activity of bacteria and other microorganisms.In contrast,actual hairs can survive for a long time-sometimes centuries.After bones and teeth,hair is in fact one of the most resistant structures of the human body.In order to understand how the protein can be used to identify individuals,it is important to understand mat proteins are coded by DNAThis means that a certain level of the genetic variation that we see in different peoples DNA passes into their proteins.In fact,genetic information in the DNA is translated into amino-acid chains that make up proteins.The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from,so that we can distinguish between current and ancient samples.But while the discovery is exciting,the technique is not quite polished enough to be used in the court room.The main task now will be to analyze hair samples from all over the world,which will make it a lot more reliable.The new discovery will boost the significance of hair as evidence in courts,at a time when some forensic(司法鉴定的)disciplines have been criticized in the US.It will also be of great use in archaeology.1、Whats the main idea of the passage?ADNA evidence is far from ideal.BCriminals on the run get hair-raising news.CScientists are planning a test of human hair.DHumans can be identified by proteins in hair.2、Which evidence is more reliable for the police to identify a criminal?ALost teeth.BThe footprint.CPersonal belongings.DDamaged DNA 3、In what way is the new technique superior to DNA test?AServing as evidence in courts.BPossessing genetic information.CInferring the height of a person.DDistinguishing the region of a person.4、What will scientists do in the following few years?ATest hair samples worldwide.BLegalize the hair evidence.CApply protein-test to archaeology.DMap the structure of DNA 5、Who will welcome the discovery?ACriminals.BEmployers.CHairdressers.DArchaeologists.25（10 分）Experts say that if food were a country,it would rank second behind the US as one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters.The reason is the rising demand for meat.Animal farming is responsible for14.5 percent of global greenhouse gas methane(甲烷)emissions(排放).While cows are the worse contributors,pigs,sheep,donkeys and other animals play a part as well.Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged,water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed.With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050,things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources,While going vegetarian(素食的)would help meat consumption too deep-rooted in most western diets to allow for such a sharp,permanent change.That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef,chicken,or pork with ordinary insects！Insects,which grow into adults within a matter of months,if not weeks,are ready for consumption much faster than domestic(驯养的)animals.They also require much less room，use less water and food,and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide,scientists have identified 1.700 as eatable.Among them are ants,grasshoppers,grubs,and earthworms.Just like animals,each insect has a different taste.Tree worms taste just like pork,and grubs are similar to smoked meat While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people,over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet.Besides being delicious,insects are high in protein,have very few calories,and are free of the saturated(饱和)at found in animal meat.Insects can be prepared in many ways.Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup make baked treats,and even fry a few with vegetables.So eat insects-both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it！1、Which of the following animals are responsible for the most global methane emissions?ACows BPigs CSheep DDonkeys 2、How is the third paragraph mainly developed？ABy asking questions BBy providing examples.CBy listing the numbers DBy making compa
