安徽省安庆一中、安师大附中、铜陵一中2022年高三英语第一学期期末监测模拟试题含解析.pdf
2022-2023 高三上英语期末模拟试卷 注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）1The infrastructure of a country is _ makes everything run well,including things like transport,irrigation,electricity and schools.Awhich Bthat Cwhere Dwhat 2When _ questions in class,one should answer them as clearly as possible.Aasking Bto ask Cto be asked Dasked 3Parents often tell their children that they _ take candy from strangers.Aneednt Bwouldnt Cshouldnt Ddarent 4According to the companys rule,ones payment is _ the work done,not to the time spent doing it.Ain proportion to Bin addition to Cin contrast to Din regard to 5More and more people prefer to live in the countryside,_ appeal for them lies in the quiet and slow-paced life.Awho BWhich Cwhose Dwhat 6Although values may be _,its helpful to share them with your partner for additional support.Aterminal Bpersonal Ccrucial Dpractical 7 their final medical check,the astronauts boarded their spacecraft AReceived BBeing received CTo receive DHaving received 8 Id rather have some wine,if you dont mind._.Don t forget that youll drive.ABy all means BAnything but that CTake it easy DI wouldnt say no to this 9The new movie _ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.Apretends Bagrees Cpromises Ddeclines 10-Thank you for reminding me of the time,or I late for the flight yesterday.-Dont mention it.Awill have been Bwould have been Cmust be Dcould be 11_ two hours daily has made considerable difference to my physical condition.ATo walk BWalking CWalked DHaving walked 12It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.Athat Bwhat Cwhich Dthis 13-He was satisfied with the result,wasnt he?-No.It was so difficult that he _have passed it.Ashouldnt Bmustnt Ccouldn t Dwouldnt 14Whenever you _ a present,you should think about it from the receivers point of view.Abought Bhave bought Cwill buy Dbuy 15He worked in a car factory for four years,_ he founded his own company in his hometown.Aafter which Bafter when Cafter that Dafter it 16 The Chinese people are kind and caring.If not,I _ in China in the past 30 years.Adidnt stay Bhadnt stayed Ccouldnt stay Dcouldnt have stayed 17 her emotion,she buried her face in her hands AControlled BTo control CBeing controlled DHaving controlled 18I am at a loss why Mike is always _ every time I meet him.Believe it or not,we used to be best friends.Agiving me the cold shoulder Bmaking my day Cfollowing suit Dbeating around the bush 19Dad,you should have taken me to the football match this morning.I had intended to,but I couldnt spare any time,I _ a report.Ahad written Bwrote Cwas writing Dwould write 20Hi,Tom!I got a chance to be an exchange student in Harvard University._!I had been expecting to study there.ALucky you BHave fun CTake it easy DForget it 第二部分 阅读理解（满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6 分）Welcome to Holker Hall&Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car:Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6,M6.Approximate travel times:Windermere-20 minutes,Kendal-25 minutes,Lancaster-45 minutes,Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.By Rail:The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth,Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities&airports.Opening Times Sunday-Friday(closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.Admission Charges Hall&Gardens Gardens Adults:12.00 8.00 Groups 9 5.5 Special Events Producers:Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening,making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day 28th August Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged.For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th November This is an event for all the family.Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.1、How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A20 minutes.B25 minutes.C45 minutes.D90 minutes.2、How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall&Cardens?A12.00.B9.00.C8.0 D5.50 3、Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?AProducers Market.BHolker Garden Festival.CNational Garden Day.DWinter Market.22（8 分）It is widely acknowledged that cities with some kind of functioning ecosystems make for better place for humans to live.More plants and animals in cities make for happier,healthier people.A study conducted on green spaces in Sheffield,England,for instance,revealed that the greater the biodiversity(生物多样性),the greater the psychological well-being(健康)of the citys citizens.In Paris,researchers found that getting citizens to take part in day-long activities involving urban wildlife opened their eyes to the natural world for a time,at least.Few cities have been associated with urban ecology for as long as Berlin.“Slow economic recovery after the Second World War meant that reconstruction would take a long time.This provide local ecologist with the ideal conditions to develop an ambitious ecological research program in the bombed-out wastelands of West Berlin,”said Jens Lachmund,a sociologist at the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands.The pioneering work in Berlin bad several consequences,especially the formation of significant natural spaces within the city,such as the Sudgelande Nature.“Berlin has indeed benefited a lot from being a case study in urban ecology,”said Lachmund.The recent research conducted by Mark Goddard,a biologist at the University of Leeds,and his colleagues confirmed the importance of natural space within an urban setting.Goddard and his team conducted a striking global analysis of bird and plant diversity,quantifying the influence of urbanization on levels of biodiversity around the world.“Functioning urban ecosystems will be extremely important to human health and well-being,”said Goddard.Cities take up just 3%of the land surface area,yet according to the most recent figure from the United Nations,some 3.6 billion people(just over 50%of the global population)now live in urban areas.By 2050,this figure is expected to rise to 6.3 billion.Without animals and plants to keep us company,it is a dark future.1、The findings in Paragraph 2 are mentioned to explain the link between .ACitizens and their well-being Bgreen spaces and urban wildlife Curban ecology and citizens well-being Dfunctioning ecosystems and the natural word 2、What would be Goddards attitude towards Berlins work?ACautious.BAdmiring.CUncaring.DNegative.3、The author uses figures in the last paragraph to show .Athe negative effect of over population.Bthe importance of urban ecosystems.Cthe serious problems of city life.Dthe rapid growth of urban areas.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AShould cities be for animals and plants too?BShould Berlin have more natural spaces?CShould more people live in urban areas?DShould the global population be controlled now?23（8 分）Since App Store was set up,it has been selling consumers one simple thing choice.Whether you wanted to play games,read the news,or do a thousand other things,there was something for whatever you desired.Then something funny happened.Logging into the App Store today is like going into a shopping mall with only a coupon(优惠券)for one thing:Theres so much choice;it might be easier to give up than to choose.It isnt consumers who are burdened,though.Too much content of all kinds also has economic effects.When countless choices are available,it causes pressure,pushing prices down and driving us a bit crazy.So what is the way forward?It may well be to turn less choice itself to the marketing strategy.There are already signs that this is happening.Firstly content companies are looking to prevent their offerings from getting lost in the tons of stuff.Most obvious is Disney,which is planning to open its own streaming service next year.The point is to narrow the focus so that those seeking Disney cartoons will have one place to go,rather than being around various services.Yet if that represents a careful first step,there are more extreme options too.Consider the idea of a wine club:from tens of thousands of bottles each year,subscribers pay someone to select the most interesting ones.Perhaps what comes next for digital content is similar-carefully selected offerings from trusted sources that put choices in the hands of someone else in order to get rid of the anxiety of choosing.Up to now,too much choice in digital media has only one solution:the algorithm（运算法则）But we ve seen the trouble with algorithms on You Tube They feed you only what youve already said you like,not things you may not know you re into.Worse,they have a tendency to serve up disturbing content he way forward cant simply be more or better algorithms.Instead,its time for digital companies to start thinking about how to put limits on things:on how much we can use a device,or what we are available to choose from.As we move further into the digital revolution,what people ask for is clear:Less.1、What will too much choice of content on the market result in?AThe shutdown of companies BThe anxiety of consumers CThe poor quality of products DThe slowdown of economy 2、Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraphs 4 and 5?AContent companies should withdraw their offerings online BContent companies should post their offerings on App Store CContent companies adopt different methods to narrow the consumers focus DContent companies open their own streaming services on You Tube 3、How do algorithms probably respond to consumers needs?AThey make a better choice for them BThey help to remove disturbing content CThey change their interest in digital media DThey fail to offer what they possibly like 4、What is the authors attitude towards limiting the choice consumers have AApproving.BSkeptical COpposing.DNeutral 24（8 分）Getting stitched(缝合)up by Dr.Robot may one day be reality.Scientists have created a robotic system which did just that in living animals without a real doctor pulling the strings.Much like engineers are designing self-driving cars,the medical research is part of a move toward autonomous surgical robots,removing the surgeons hands from certain tasks that a machine might perform all by itself.Doctors wouldnt leave the bedside theyre supposed to watch.Plus theyd handle the rest of the surgery.In small tests using pigs,the robotic arm performed at least as well,and in some cases a bit better,as some competing surgeons in stitching together intestinal(肠的)tissue.“The purpose wasnt to replace surgeons,”said Dr.Kim who led the project.“If you have all intelligent tool that works with a surgeon,can it improve the outcome?Thats what we have done.”If youve heard about machines like the popular Da Vinci system,you might think robots already are operating.Not really.Today many hospitals offer robot-assisted surgery where surgeons use the machinery as tools that they control by hand to operate through tiny openings in the body.But robot-assisted surgery has been controversial,as some studies have shown it can bring higher costs without better outcomes.Kims team at Childrens Sheikh Zayed Institute invented the new STAR systemit stands for Smart Tissue Autonomous Robotworks sort of like a programmable sewing machine.They added sensors to help guide each stitch and tell how tightly to pull.But the approach wasnt perfect.In the living animals,the robot took much longer and made a few stitching mistakes while the surgeon sewing by hand made none.Kim said the robot can be sped up.He hopes to begin human studies in two or three years.1、Whats the best title for the text?AA new robotic system BA new-style way of stitching CThe newly-designed driverless vehicles DRobot surgeons one step closer to reality 2、What will surgeons do when Dr.Robot is used in surgery?AThey can help pull the strings.BThey rest at the bedside.CThey join in when necessary.DThey perform another surgery.3、Some people are against using robots in surgery probably because_.Athey can be out of control Bthey will take shorter time Cthey may be expensive to use Dthey are likely to cause great pain 4、What can we infer from the text?ADr.Robot can take the place of surgeons.BDr.Robot will be improved.CDr.Robot has been tested with human trials.DDr.Robot can free doctors hands in the operation.25（10 分）A nerve-zapping（电击神经）headset caused people to get rid of fat in a small preliminary study.Six people who had received the stimulation（刺激）lost on average about 8 percent of the fat on their trunks in four months,scientists reported at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience,The headset stimulated the vestibular nerve（前庭神经）,which runs just behind the ears.That nerve sends signals to the hypothalamus,a brain structure thought to control the bodys fat storage.By stimulating the nerve with an electrical current,the technique shifts the body away from storing fat toward burning it.Six overweight and obese people received the treatment,consisting of up to four one-hour-long sessions of stimulation a week.Because it activated the vestibular system,the stimulation created the sensation of gently rocking on a boat or floating in a pool,said the studys co-author Jason McKeown of the University of California,San Diego.After four months,body scans measured the trunk fat for the six people receiving the treatment and three people who received unreal stimulation.All six in the treatment group lost some trunk fat,despite not having changed their activity or diet.In contrast,those in the unreal group gained some fat.Researchers suspect that changes in the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within human cells are behind the difference.“The results were a lot better than we thought theyd be,”McKeown said.Earlier studies found that vestibular nerve stimulation causes mice to drop fat and pack on muscle,resulting in what McKeown called Schwarzenegger mice.Though small,the current study suggests that the approach has promise in people.McKeown and his colleagues have started a company based on the technology and plan to test it further.1、What is an electrical current used for?ACausing the body to bum its fat.BControlling the bodys storage of fat.CSeeing if the headset will be affected.DSpeeding the process of ones digesting.2、Whats the probable reason for the different results in participants?AThe length of stimulation they received.BThe type of stimulation they received.CThe difference in their vestibular system.DThe way chemicals process in their body.3、Which is true about McKeowns curre
