英语语法--一般现在时_1.pdf
英 语 语 法-一 般 现 在 时(总 4 页)-本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可-内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小-22 牛津英语 5a 英语语法(三)一般现在时 一.一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式 一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，其他人称动词均用原形单数第三人称动词变化：多数在动词后加 s playplays likelikes,以 s，x，sh，ch，o 结尾的动词加 es gogoes wash-washes,以辅音字母加 y 结尾，把 y 改 i 再加 es flyflies study-studies 二.一般现在时动词 be 和 have 的变化形式 1.动词 Be 叫连系动词,连系动词 be 的用法：除了第一人称单数用 am，和第三人称单数用 is 以外，其它人称用 are。I am busy.You are busy.He(She)is busy.We(You,They)are busy.2.动词 have 的用法：除了第三人称单数用 has 以外，其它人称一律用have。如:I have a pen.You have a pen.She(He)has a pen.We(You,They)have pens.三.一般现在时的句型 1.肯定句构成：主语+动词(注意人称变化)+其它成分 Ihave a dog.We like the little cat.She sings well.2.否定句构成：行为动词的否定句：主语+助动词(do/does)+not+动词原形+其它成分 He dosent have a dog.He isnt young.We dont like the little cat.(借助于助动词 do)She doesnt sing well.(借助于助动词 does)3.一般疑问句：A.行为动词的一般疑问句：助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形+其它成分 Do you like it Yes,I do./No.I dont.Does he(she)like it Yes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesnt.B.动词 BE 的一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+其它成分 Are you a teacher Yes,I am./No,I am not.Are they students of your they are/No they aren,t.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 How many students are there in your school?What do you usually do on Sunday?33 四一般现在时的用法 1.经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：every year,sometimes,at 5 oclock,on Sunday.I get up at six oclock every day.He gets up at six oclock every day.She smokes too much.I telephone to my parents once a week.2.表达客观真理，科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。Three and four makes seven.The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.Shenyang lies in the north of China.3.在格言或名言警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄必败。Actions speak louder than words.事实用于雄辩。4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。I dont want more,thanks.He is a good student.He is always ready to help others.五.一般现在时其它用法 一般现在时表将来 1.含有 go,come,return,arrive,leave,start,begin 等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The school bus leaves at eight.2.在时间或条件句中。When Tom comes,ask him how to fix the tap.Ill help you as soon as I arrive there.3.在动词 hope,take care that,make sure that 等后。I hope she has a good time.Before you leave the room,please make sure that the door is closed.4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有 till,once,as soon as,when,while,before,after,so long as,by the time,if,in case,unless,even if,whether,the moment,the minute)Eg.As soon as I get there,I will deal with this matter.Whether he is happy is an important thing to her.44 5.倒装句，表示动作正在进行 Here comes the teacher!=The teacher is coming.There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing.Here comes the car.=The car is coming.一般现在时表过去 1.书上，报纸上的叙述。The newspaper says that the president will retire next month.2.叙述往事，使其生动。Napoleons army now advances and the great battle begins.一般现在时表完成 1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.hear(=have heard)he will go to Paris.I forget(=have forgotten)how to read the word.2.句型 It is since =It has been since It is(=has been)five years since we last met.一般现在时表进行 1.句型：Here comes；There goes Eg:Look,here comes Mr.Brown.六.注意事项 1.在英国，人们常用 have got 代替 have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。2.当 have 如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词 do,does,dont 或者 doesnt.练习 一.用词的适当形式填空。time_ his father_(do)the work?_(get)up at five oclock.you _(brush)your teeth every morning._(do)he usually _(do)after school?_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6.Kitty sometimes _(go)to the park with his sister.eight at night,she _(watch)TV with her parents.8._ Mike_(read)English every day?55 many lessons_ your classmates_(have)on Monday?often_(play)football in the playground.二选择()1._ you have a book?A.Do B.Are C.Is D.Have()2.They _ on a farm.A.working B.is work C.work D.is worked()3.Does Peter like to watch TV?_.A.Yes,he like B.No,he doesnt C.Yes,hed like D.No,he likes()4.She doesnt _ her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do C.does D.do()5.How _ Mr.Brown _ to America A.do,go B.is,go C.does,go D.does,goes()6.Wheres my camera I_ it.A.am not finding B.am not seeing C.cant find D.cant look at()7.How _ he go to work?He _ to work by bike.A.does;go B.do;goes C.do;go D.does;goes()8._ you usually late for school?No,_.A.Do;I am B.Does;not C.Are;Im not D.Are;I arent()9._ she _ home at six every day?A.Is,leave B.Does,leave C.Is,leaves D.Does,left()10.Mr.Yang _ English this term.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach our 答案：一.,do 2.gets 3.Do,brush 4.does,do 5.studies 6.goes 7.watches 8.Does,read 9.do,have 10.play 二.1-5 A C B D C 6-10 C D C B B
