比尔盖茨北大演讲稿.docx

比尔盖茨北大演讲稿比尔盖茨在北大的演讲你了解过吗?没有的话不妨跟小编去看看他说了些什么。比尔盖茨北大演讲good evening! thank you, professor lin. its great to be here today. beida (peking university) has an incredible history and im sure that, next year, as you celebrate its 120th anniversary, you will look back on the incredible contributions that you have made to this country.晚上好，谢谢林教授。很高兴来到这里。北大有着悠久的历史，我相信在明年你们迎来120周年校庆之际，你们将回顾北大为中国做出的卓越贡献。ive been coming to china since the early 1990s, initially for my work at microsoft. it was ten years ago, that i was privileged to be named an honorary trustee here at beida. i remember what a great time i had in 2022, when i was here watching the olympic table tennis semi-finals between china and south korea.自上世纪九十年代以来，我曾多次访问中国，最初主要是因为微软的工作。十年前，我有幸成为北大荣誉校董。2022年我在这里度过了难忘的时光，在北大的奥运赛场观看了中国队与韩国队的乒乓球半决赛。as im sure you remember, china took the gold medal in every categorythe mens singles, the womens singles, the mens and womens team events. that was on top of two silvers and two bronze medals. for someone whos the big table tennis fan, that was pretty incredible to witness.大家可能还记得，当年中国队包揽了乒乓球男单、女单、男团、女团等各项金牌，还有两块银牌和两块铜牌。对于我这样的超级乒乓球迷来说，亲历赛场的感觉真是太棒了。and it highlights in one way, what the incredible potential china has. china is on a quest for excellence, a quest not only to improve itself but to contribute to the whole world.这从某种程度上，展示了中国拥有的超凡潜力。无论是从自身发展，还是对世界的贡献来看，中国都是一个不断追求卓越的国度。as chinas economy is maturing, it is making bold and difficult decisions on things like energy and pollution. and it is assuming a greater role on critical global issues like climate and development. and this matters now more than ever as the world is navigating a time of change and uncertainty.随着中国经济走向成熟，中国正在做出大胆而艰难的抉择，以应对能源和环境治理等挑战。中国在气候变化和发展等全球重大议题上，发挥着日益重要的作用。这比以往任何时候都更重要，特别是在这样一个快速变化、且充满不确定因素的时代。in some rich countries, there is skepticism about globalization. the results of the u.s. presidential election and the brexit vote in the uk, both seem underscore a rise of turning inward on issues like migration, security, and perhaps in global development.在一些富裕国家，人们对全球化究竟能给普通民众带来多少好处心存质疑。美国总统大选和英国脱欧公投结果，印证了国内利益优先的倾向，这包括在移民、安全和全球发展等议题上。its great to see china stepping up to engage even more with other countries. it is great-equipped to do so. no other country has accomplished what china has achieved in the last few decadesbreaking the relentless cycle of poverty and disease for hundreds of millions of people while modernizing its economy at a scale and speed unprecedented in human history.我们高兴地看到中国正逐步展现其全球领导力，填补这一缺失。中国足以胜任这一角色。在过去的几十年里，中国取得了任何国家都无法企及的成就，帮助数亿人民摆脱了贫困和疾病，还以人类历史上前所未有的规模和速度实现了经济现代化。although no one is expecting china to fill a gap in development aid from wealthy countries, it has made a very smart commitment to triple its commitment to african development. china has long understood that helping other countries lift themselves out of poverty creates a stable and secure world for people everywhere.我们虽然没有期望中国去填补富裕国家在发展援助领域留下的缺口，但中国做出了明智之举，即承诺将对非洲的发展援助扩大三倍。中国在很久以前就认识到，帮助其他国家消除贫困，相当于给各国人民创造一个更加稳定和安全的世界。and by encouraging investment through innovative financing mechanisms like the china-africa development fund, china is strengthening not only africas economic capacity, but also, over time, markets for chinese goods.中国通过中非发展基金等融资机制，创新鼓励对非投资，这不仅发展了非洲经济，也为中国产品走向世界开拓了新市场。its also great to see president xis commitment to eliminate extreme poverty in china by 2022. china did a great job lifting millions out of poverty. but progress has been uneven. forty-three million people are still living in extreme poverty.令人振奋的是，习近平主席承诺，中国将在2022年前消除极端贫困。中国让数亿人口脱贫，是一个不可思议的成就。不过中国的发展并不均衡，迄今仍有4300万人口生活在极端贫困之中。our foundation looks forward to a new partnership with china that will focus on innovative ideas to bring this number down to zero, by working on nutrition, healthcare in rural areas, and also finding ways to increase financial services for the poor.我们的基金会正在与中国开展新的合作项目，探索扶贫创新模式。从改善加强农村基本医疗服务，提高儿童营养水平和扩大普惠金融等领域入手。of course china is not only striving to reach new heights at home. it is using its own experience fighting poverty and disease to help other countries tackle similar challenges. when i was in beijing a few years ago, vice premier wang yang said something that stayed with me. he said: “africa today is our yesterday.” now, china is using the lessons it has learned to usher in a new tomorrow for africa, too.中国不仅在解决国内问题方面努力取得新突破，也在利用其对抗贫困和疾病方面的经验，帮助其他国家应对类似挑战。几年前我访问北京的时候，汪洋副总经理曾说过一句话让我记忆犹新：“非洲的今天就是我们的昨天。”现在，来自中国的经验正在帮助非洲迈向一个崭新的明天。this is a pretty incredible time to be a young person in china. your generations entrance into the workforce will coincide with your countrys rise as a center of global progress and innovation. the worlds eyes are on china, and as the generation comes of age, the worlds eyes are specifically on all of you.这对中国的年轻人来说是一个绝佳的时代。当你们步入社会时，恰逢中国崛起，成为全球发展和创新的中心。全世界的目光都在关注中国，关注你们这些即将走出校门的天之骄子。so, id like to spend the rest of my comments focusing on four areas where i think there are exciting opportunities to use your education, your passion, and opportunities to unlock more amazing progressfor both china and the world. specifically, health, agriculture, energy, and technology.接下来，我想和大家在四个方面进行探讨。我相信这些领域能够给你们提供大好机会，充分利用那你们的知识，发挥你们的热情和抱负，推动中国和世界取得更加令人瞩目的进步。这四个领域分别是健康、农业、能源和技术。first, health. when my wife, melinda and i started the gates foundation 17 years ago, we asked ourselves: how can we use our financial resources to make the biggest impact? it didnt take long to realize that improving health deserved to be at the top of the list.首先是健康领域。17年前，当梅琳达和我决定成立基金会时，我们不断问自己，怎么才能使我们的资源产生最大的影响?很快，我们就意识到健康领域的改善是重中之重。when people arent healthy, they cant learn in school or be productive at work. theyre unable to seize economic opportunities or do any of the things they need to lift themselves out of poverty.如果没有健康的身体，一个人就无法高效地学习或工作，更不用说摆脱贫困和赚钱养家了。melinda and i saw the example of china creating a better life for its people, and it inspired us to see if there was a way to support chinas progress. over the last decade, our work here has focused on several of the most persistent domestic health challenges specifically reducing the incidence of tuberculosis and tobacco-related diseases, preventing hiv transmission, and improving treatment and care for people living with aids.梅琳达和我亲眼目睹了中国为自己的人民创造了更加美好的生活。这也促使我们思考如何更好地支持中国的发展。过去的十年里，我们在中国的工作重心一直放在那些中国尚未完全解决的健康挑战上，如减少结核病和烟草相关疾病，预防艾滋病病毒传播以及改善艾滋病患者的治疗和关怀等等。we are continuing to support progress in these areas, but our work in china is also evolving along with chinas new priorities. for example, china has a great opportunity to be a global leader in health innovation.在持续支持这些领域的同时，我们在中国的工作也随着中国不断变化的需求和重心而改变。比如，我们看到中国在引领全球创新方面潜力巨大。no one exemplifies the strong history here better than professor tu youyou. as im sure most of you know, professor tu is a beida graduate and the first woman in china to win a nobel prize.没有人能比屠呦呦教授更好地证明中国在这一领域的能力。众所周知，屠教授是北大校友，也是首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。she was of course recognized for her discovery of artemisinin, a powerful medicine used to treat malaria. it was one of the most significant breakthroughs in tropical medicine in the 20th century and it has saved millions of lives.屠教授发现了青蒿素得到世界的认可。青蒿素可以有效地治疗疟疾，堪称20世纪热带病药物最重要的突破之一，已经挽救了数百万的生命。with its rich pool of talented scientists and its capacity to develop new drugs and vaccines, china was a clear choice for us to locate a new global health drug discovery institute. this institutea collaboration between our foundation, the beijing government, and tsinghua universitywill help speed the discovery and development of new lifesaving medicines.中国拥有大批才华横溢的科学家和强大的药物及疫苗研发能力。因此，中国成为我们新的全球健康药物研发中心项目的首选落户地。这个中心由盖茨基金会与北京市政府、清华大学携手共建，将通过加速药物研发，应对全球卫生和人类健康的挑战。i had a chance earlier today to meet with some of the chinese scientists who are driving cutting edge research. for example, dr. he ruyi is the chief scientist at the center for drug evaluation of the chinese food and drug administration (cfda). his workand the reforms being carried out by his agencywill create an environment where innovation will thrive. we are working with the cfda to bring in more experts like dr. ruyi to help improve its regulatory capacity so that more chinese health products can be made accessible to the entire world, including developing countries.今天早些时候，我有机会和几位正在从事前沿科学研究的中国科学家进行了近距离交流，其中有国家食品药品监督管理总局、国家药品评审中心的首席科学家何如意博士他本人的工作以及食药监总局正在推行的改革，将为创新打造更为有利的环境。我们正在和食药监总局合作吸引更多像何如意博士这样的专家帮助提升中国的监管能力以推动更多中国的医药健康产品进入全球市场，包括发展中国家市场。one area that china has an incredible chance to lead is both reducing the case in malaria and eventually eradicating malaria. with chinas leadership, we have a chance to make malaria the third well-cured human diseaseafter smallpox and, soon, polioto be wiped off the face of the earth.在对抗疟疾挑战方面，中国有着巨大的潜力引领世界，在中国的领导下，我们有望让疟疾成为第三种从地球上消失的人类疾病，继天花和即将被消灭的脊髓灰质炎之后。a little more than a century ago, malaria was a leading cause of death in nearly every country on earth. there has been great progress since then, and china is on track to eliminate malaria completely in the next few years. but more than 3.2 billion people around the world still live in areas where theres a risk of malaria infection.一个多世纪前，疟疾几乎是所有国家致死率最高的疾病。中国正在有序推进各项工作，很有可能在几年内消除疟疾。但是，目前世界上仍然有32亿人面临罹患疟疾的风险。to achieve the goal of global eradication, we need to build on professor tus discovery of artemisinin and develop more powerful toolslike a single-dose cure and better ways to block transmission of malaria from mosquitos to humans.为在全球范围内消除疟疾，我们需要在屠教授发现的青蒿素的基础上，开发单剂药物等其他更强有力的工具并寻求更好的方法以阻止疟疾通过蚊虫在人群中传播。china has the potential to develop these new high-impact solutions at a very low cost that the developing world can afford. we can start today by doing the elimination in malaria in places like the mekong river basin and in southern part of africa.中国很有潜力开发一些既高效、又让发展中国家可负担的解决方案。我们现在就可以在非洲和湄公河流域等怒最为肆虐的地方采取更多行动来控制乃至消灭这一疾病。drawing on lessons learned from its own experience, china can help ensure that every family has bed nets to protect them from infection. and it can help countries strengthen their health and disease systems to better diagnose, treat, and prevent future cases of malaria.通过分享自己的经验，中国能够帮助这些地区的家庭获得蚊帐，防止被感染。中国还能够帮助这些国家加强本国的卫生和疾病监控体系，更好地预防、诊断和治疗疟疾。thats health. the second area where i believe china can drive global progress is agriculture. since 1975, chinese agricultural productivity has grown at a rate of 12 percent per yearfour times the annual rate of growth in africa.除了健康领域之外，我认为中国能够推动全球进步的第二大领域是农业。1975年以来，中国的农业生产率以每年12%的速度增长，是非洲农业增长率的四倍。that has not only fed a large and growing population, but it has led to better nutrition and health, higher rural incomes, falling poverty rates, and more labor available to other sectors to drive chinas economic development.农业发展不仅解决了基数巨大且不断增长的中国人口温饱问题，还促进了国民营养和健康水平的改善，农村收入的增加和贫困人口的下降并向其他产业提供劳动力，从而在整体上推动了中国经济发展。there are many factors that accounted for chinas recent green revolution. one of the most significant is its commitment to agricultural innovation and the work of people like professor yuan longping, a crop scientist at hunan agricultural university. professor yuan developed hybrid rice varieties that increased crop yields over 20 percent.引发中国当代绿色革命的因素有很多。其中最重要的一点是中国在农业创新领域的投入以及向袁隆平教授等杰出专家们的努力。袁教授是湖南农业大学的农作物专家。他研究的杂交水稻奖水稻亩产量平均提高了20%。chinas continuing advances in rice could be of enormous benefit to millions of smallholder farmers in sub-saharan africa, many of whom today are barely growing enough to feed their families and who will face more difficult weather conditions in the decades ahead.中国在杂交水稻领域取得的持续进步能够为撒哈拉以南非洲地区数百万的小农户带来巨大的好处。他们中很多人生产足够的粮食养活家人并将在未来几十年面临更加严峻的气候状况。since 2022, our foundation supported the work by the chinese academy of agricultural sciences and others to develop new varieties of rice thatwhen crossed with domestic varieties in countries like senegal, tanzania, and rwandawill result in high-yielding, stress-tolerant crops that will boost farmer yields and income. but to feed the entire planet, we need to do even more.2022年起，我们支持中国农业科学院和其他科研机构开发水稻新品种。通过将这些品种与塞内加尔、坦桑尼亚和卢旺达等国的本地品种进行杂交。我们将得到高产量作物并增加收入。但是，随着全球人口压力不断增长，我们还需付出更多的努力。one of the most exciting efforts is research by chinese scientists to supercharge the basic process of photosynthesis in grains. this would significantly increase crop yields while reducing the demand for irrigation and fertilizer.中国科学家最令人瞩目的研究成果之一是作物的超级光合作用。这不仅能大幅提升粮食产量，还能减少对灌溉和化肥的需求。we also are supporting research by chinese scientists to improve the health of livestock, which plays a vital role in food security and the rural economy of developing countries. and we are working with the ministry of commerce (mofcom) and the ministry of agriculture to promote sustainable agricultural development throughout africa.我们还支持中国科学家开展提升家畜健康水平的研究工作。这对发展中国家的食品安全和农村经济具有至关重要的作用。我们正与中国商务部和农业部合作共同推进非洲农业的可持续发展。that brings me to what i think of as chinas third opportunity: energy innovation. china already is one of the world leaders in renewable energy. and it recently announced that it will spend $360 billion on renewable power sources by 2022. this will pay off handsomely for china domestically, and as a long-term global business opportunity.中国的第三大全球机遇是能源创新。中国目前已成为可再生能源领域的全球领导者之一。而且，最近还宣布将在2022年前，对可再生能源领域投资3600亿美元。这一举措将产生丰厚的回报，无论从中国国内还是全球商业长远机遇的角度考虑。there are challenges sorting out the right mix of technologies, managing the liability and the new large transmission print. all of these will be needed to manage the very complex way to meet the growing energy needs.知易行难，中国现在面临的不小的挑战是找到常规能源和新能源技术的平衡点。我们也需要更多类型的能源。在满足能源需求的同时，实现温室气体减排。one of the element system will be the next-generation of nuclear technology. this fro generation can be dramatically safer and substantially cheaper and solve a lot of the challenges with today's nuclear energy. i work for the company, terrapower, that is partnering with china national nuclear corporation and other chinese companies to provide one way to make this a reality.中国在这方面能开展的另一项工作就是引领下一代核能技术的发展。下一代核技术将更加安全、廉价并能克服目前核技术面临的许多困难。我投资的泰拉能源公司正与中国核工业集团公司以及其他中国企业合作，将这一设想变为现实。ive had the opportunity to meet several times with president xi and am encouraged by his commitment in the above areas, including his leadership at the paris climate talks. china was one of the 22 countries that committed to doubling their investments in clean energy innovation over the next five years.我曾有机会与习近平主席多次会面。他在巴黎气候大会上作出的承诺和领袖风范令我深受鼓舞。中国连同其他21个国家在今后的5年内对清洁能源创新领域的投入增加一倍。im also working with jack ma and other chinese investors who have pledged to invest $1 billion in the development of early stage energy technology so we can move the best ideas from the labs to the marketplace.我和马云先生还有一些其他投资者共同成立了一支10亿美元的突破能源基金，将实验室里最好的想法转化为市场产品。a fourth area where i know china has great p