托班英语成语故事教案：《不合时宜》.docx

托班英语成语故事教案：不合时宜托班英语成语故事教案：投鼠忌器 Donotburnyouhousetogetridofamouse thereisastoryinHanshutellingofarichman,whobeingaloverofsandhadalargecollection.Amongthemwasararevasemadeofjade.Thevaseofexquisiteworkmanshipandofhistoricalvalueandheloveditdearly.Onenighthenoticedamousepassingnearthepreciousvase.Themousejumpedintothevaseandwastryingtoeatsomefoodwhichthemanhadcarelesslyleftthere.Thesighinfuriatedthemanandinafitofragehethrewastoneatthemouse.Forsure,themousewaskilled,butthepreciousvasewasbrokenalso.ThelossofthevasepainedthemanGREatlyandhedeeplyregrettedhisownthoughtlessness,whichboughthimthisunrecoverableloss.Henowrealizedthatanyone,whocaresforthepresentandoverlooksconsequencesisapttobringdisastersuponhimself.Soheexclaimedtowarnpeoplebysayingdonotburnyouhousetogetridofamouse. 投鼠忌器 汉书中有这么个故事：有个富人，很喜爱古董并保藏了许多。其中有一件稀有的玉盂，工艺精湛，具有很高的历史价值，深受这个富人的宠爱。一天晚上，一只老鼠跳进了这个玉盂，想去吃里边的一些剩菜，正好被这个富人看到了。他特别恼火，盛怒之下，他拿了块石头砸向老鼠。当然，老鼠是被砸死了，可是那个宝贵的玉盂也被打破了。这件事使富人特别难受，他深深懊悔自己的鲁莽带来的不行挽回的损失。他相识到只考虑眼前，而忽视后果，将给自己带来灾难。他向世人发出警告，不要为了除掉一只老鼠而烧毁自己的房子。 托班英语成语故事教案：李代桃僵 Thisidiomcomesfromaoldfolksong.thelasttwostanzasgolikethis: Onefamilyhasfivebrothers,allservingtoaministerasattendants.Everyfivedays,theygobackhomeforareunion,decoratingtheirhorsesandgarmentswithshininggold.Theyviewitheachotherforostentationandextravagance,attractingcrowdsofonlookersalongtheroad. Nowthereisapeachtreebyawell,andaplumtreenexttoit.Whenwormscometognawattherootofthepeachtree,theplumtreeinvitesthemtognawatitsownroot.Finally,theplumdies,ossified. Eventreesknowhowtosacrificeforothertrees,whycantbrothersdothesame? 李代桃僵 这个成语来自于一首古老的民歌。歌曲的最终两段说的是： 一户人家有兄弟五人，都在一个大官的家中做仆人。每隔五天，他们会回家团聚一次。他们用金子装饰马匹和衣服，吸引了很多路人来看。五人互不相让，相互比较谁的排场大。 如今一口井边有一棵桃树，桃树旁是一棵李树。有虫子来咬桃树的根，李树便让虫子来咬自己的根。最终，李树变得僵硬，枯死了。 连树都知道为了别的树牺牲自己，为什么兄弟之间反而做不到呢？ 托班英语成语故事教案：害群之马 thehorsewhichdoesharmtotheherd-Ablacksheep Itwasaboutfourthousandyearsago.Huangdi(YellowEmperor)-thefirstlegendaryrulerinChinawenttothecountrysidetovisitanoldfriendwithhisentourage.Theymetaboykeepingwatchoveraherdofhorsesontheirway. Huangdiaskedtheboy,Doyouknowthewaytomyfriendsvillagefarawayfromhere? theboysaidyes. thentheemperorasked,Doyouknowmyfriend? theanswerwasyesagain. Huangdithoughttheboywasbroad-minded.Soheaskedhim,Doyouknowhowtoruleacountry? theboysaid,Thereislittledifferencebetweenrulingacountryandwatchingoveraherdofhorses.Yousimplyhavetodrivethewildhorsesoutoftheherd. theemperorleft,broodingovertheboyswords. theidiomistakenfromwhattheboysaidandisusedtodescribeanyonewhohasabadinfluenceonhispeers. 害群之马 大约四千年前，黄帝传闻中中国的第一个帝王，带着随从去乡村探望他的一个老挚友。路上，他们遇到了一个看管马群的小男孩。 由于去挚友的村庄路途遥远，黄帝就问小男孩：你知不知道村庄的路？那儿住着我的一个挚友。 男孩说知道。 黄帝又问男孩：认不相识我的挚友？ 男孩回答相识。 黄帝想这小孩懂这么多，于是问他：你知道该怎样治理国家吗？ 男孩说：治理国家的方法和看管一群马差不多。只要把野马从马群里赶出去就行了。 黄帝离开时始终想着小男孩的话。 成语害群之马出自于这个小男孩说的话，用来形容给集体带来坏影响的人。 托班英语成语故事教案：骑虎难下 骑虎难下这个成语用来比方做事中途遇到很大困难，但形势所迫，又不能中止。 WhenOneRidesaTigerItisHardtoDismount YangJianwastheregentofthelastkingofNorthernZhou(557-581).Hiswifeadvisedhim:NorthernZhouisdying.Nowitisasifyouareridingonthebackofatiger.Itwillbedangeroustodismount.Youcandonothingbutcontinue.YangJianthoughtthisquitereasonable.Later,hefoundedtheSuiDynasty,andunitedChinaoncemore. Thisidomisusedasametaphormeaningthatoneisinadifficultsituationandcannothelpbutontinuetopursueonessourse. 托班英语成语故事教案：南辕北辙 后来人们就把这个故事概括为南辕北辙。比方一个人的行动和他的目的正好相反。 GoingSouthbyDrivingtheChariotNorth Onceamanwantedtogotothesouth,buthiscarriagewasheadingnorth.Apasser-byaskedhim:Ifyouaregoingtosouth,whyisyourchariotheadingnorth？Themaanswered,Myhorseisgoodatrunning,Mydriverishighlyskilledatdrivingacarriage,adIhaveenoughmoney.Themandidintconsiderthatthedirectionmightbewrong;thebetterhisconditionswere,therfurtherhewasawayfromhisdestination. Theidiomderivedfroimthisstoryindicatesthatonesactionwastheoppositeeffecttoonesintention. 托班英语成语故事教案：起死回生 Oneday,heheardaboutthesuddendeathoftheprinceoftheStateofGuowhenhewaspassingthecountry.Heinquiredaboutthecaseoftheprincefromanofficial.Thenhedecidedtheprincewasntdead,butwassufferingastrangeillness.Hetoldtheofficialhecouldsavetheprinceandbringhimbacktolife.Heaskedtheofficialtotakehimtothecapital.Atfirst,theofficialrejected.ButhewassoinsistentthattheofficialaGREedtoreportittotheKing.SincetherewasnoanyotherwaytheKinghadtoletBianhaveatry.Bianusedacupuncturetherapyandtheprincerespondedinnotime.Thenhecontinuedtoprescribesomemedicineforahotcompress.Immediately,theprincesatup.Beforeheleft,Biangave20dosesofmedicinetotheprince.Andtheprincerecoveredcompletelyin20days. Later,peopleusetheidiomtopraisetheexcellentskillofadoctor. 起死回生 很久以前，有个名医叫扁鹊。他经常四处采药，医治病人。 有一次，他经过一个小国，听说太子刚死。他就向一位官员打听太子的病情，听完以后，他断定太子只是得了一种怪病，并没有死。于是，他就告知那位官员他能救活太子，让他去告知国王。官员起初不同意，后来在他的一再坚持下，那位官员就去向国王禀告了。国王此时已没有别方法，于是，就答应让扁鹊一试。扁鹊进宫后，来到太子的身旁，拿出一些针刺在太子的穴位上，不一会儿，太子就醒悟过来。接着他又给太子敷了一些药，太子就坐起来了。后来，他给太子开了20天的药。20天后，太子就完全康复了。 后来，人们就用起死回生来比方那些很精通医术的医生。 托班英语成语故事教案：拔苗助长 拔苗助长这个成语，现在多写成拔苗助长，比方违反事物发展的客观规律，急于求成，反而把事情弄糟。 PullingUpSeedingstoHelpThemGrow IntheSpringandAutumnPeriod,therewasafarmerwhowasimpatientbynature.Hethoughthisriceshootsweregrowingtooslowly,sohedecidedtohelpthembypullingthem.Onedayatdusk,hewentbackhomedog-tiredandsaidtohisfamily:Ihelpedthericeshootsgrowtoday.Hearingthis,hissonhurriedtothefield,onlytofindthatalltheplantshadwithered. Thisidiomisnowoftenwritten拔苗助长.Itreferstospoilingthingsbecauseofbeingover-anxiousforresultsandignoringthelawofnature. 托班英语成语故事教案：完美无缺 这个成语用来比方处理事情非常周密，不露一点痕迹。也比方诗文写得很精辟，找不出一点毛病。 DivineGarmentsWithoutSeams TherewasamancalledGuoHanintheTangDynasty(618-907).Onesummernight,whenthemoonwasverybrighthesuddenlysawagirldescendingslowlyfromthesky.Heobservedthegirlclosely,andfoundthatthedressshewaswearingwasseamless.Hewaspuzzled,andaskedwhy.Thegirlanswered,Heavenlyclothesarenotsewnwithneedleandthread. Thisidiomisusedmetaphoricallytoindicatetheflawlesshandlingofthings.Itcanalsobeusedtoindicateaperfectlywrittenpoemorotherliteraryarticle. 托班英语成语故事教案：滥竽充数 Betherejusttomakeupthenumber DuringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC),theKingoftheStateofQiwasveryfondoflisteningtoyuensembles.Heoftengottogether300yuplayerstoformagrandmusic.Thekingtreatedhismusicianverywell.AmannamedNanguoheardaboutthatandhemanagedtobecomeamemberoftheband,eventhoughhewannotgoodatplayingtheinstrumentatall.Wheneverthebandplayedfortheking,Nanguojuststoodinthelineandpretendedtoplay.Nobodyrealizedhewasmakingnosoundatall.Asaresult,heenjoyedhistreatmentjustastheothermusiciandid.Whenthekingdied,hissonbecamethenewrulerwhoalsolikedthemusicplayedontheyu.However,hepreferredsolossothatheorderedthemusicianstoplaytheyuonebyone.Therefore,Nanguohadtorunoutofthepalace. theidiomBetherejusttomakeupthenumberisusedtomocksomeonewhopassesforaspecialist.Youcanalsohearpeoplesayingitaboutthemselvestoshowtheirmodesty. 滥竽充数 战国时，齐宣王喜爱听竽，通常是三百人的大合奏。因为他赐予乐师特别优厚的待遇，所以一个叫南郭的人尽管并不擅长吹竽，也设法混进乐队。当乐队演奏时，他就站在队伍里假装也在吹。没有人留意到其实他连一点声音也没吹出来，所以南郭也享受到和其他乐师一样的待遇。宣王死后，他的儿子继承了王位。他也喜爱听竽，可是他喜爱听独奏，让乐师一个个吹给他听，于是南郭不得不逃跑了。 滥竽充数这个成语用来讪笑那些没有真正才能，混在行家里的人。人们有时也用滥竽充数来表示自谦。 托班英语成语故事教案：大公无私 Perfectlyimpartial DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),averynobleofficialcaledQiHuangyanglivedintheStateofJin.Oneday,thekingsummonedhimtocourtandasked,NowthatthemagistratepositionofNanyangcountyisvacant,whodoyouthinkissuitableforthepost? XieHuistherightmanforthejob,Qirepliedwithouthesitation. Surprised,thekingasked,DidyousayXieHu?Ithoughthesyourenemy.Whydidyourecommendhimtotakesuchanimportantposition? Smiling,QiHuangyangsaid,YourMajestydidntaskmemypersonalopinionsoXieHu.YousimplyaskedmewhoIthoughtwouldbecompetentfortheposition.ThereforeIrecommendedXieHu. thekingfollowedQisadviceandmadeXieHumagistrateofNanyangcounty.Andsureenough,XieHuadministeredthecountyverywellandwonrespectfromlocalpeopleandhiscolleagues. Somedayslater,thekingagainaskedQiHuangyangforhisopinions.Thistime,thekingwastryingtofindasuitablecandidateforacourtjudgeposition.QiHuangyiangrecommendedQiWuforthejob.Onceagain,thekingwassurprisedagainbytherecommendationbecauseQiWuwasthesonofQiHuangyang.Thekingasked:Whodoyourecommendyourson?Arentyouafraidpeoplewillgossip? QiHuangyangreplied,YourMajesty,youaskedmewhowasthemostcapablepersonforthepositionofajudge,andIthinkQiWuis. AlthoughthekingwasabithesitantaboutmakingQiWuthejudge,heneverthelessgavehimtheposition.Asitturnedout,QiWuwasanuprightandtalentedjudge,whopeopleGREatlyrespected. QiHuangyangsactionswerepraisedbyConfuciuswhosaid,QiHuangyangwasright.Herecommendedpeopleaccordingtotheirabilitiesandtalents,notbecauseofpersonalsentiments，notbecauseoffearingothersgossip.Therefore,peoplelikeQiHuangyangarereferredtoaspeoplewithoutselfishmotives. FromConfuciouscommentcametheidiomUnselfish.AnyonewhohandlesaffairsfairlyandimpartiallycanbedescribedasUnselfish;Perfectlyimpartial. 大公无私 春秋时，晋国有位品行特别高尚的大臣祁黄羊。有一次，晋王召祁黄羊入宫问他：南阳县缺个县令，你看，应当派谁去当比较合适呢？祁黄羊毫不迟疑地回答说：解狐去，最合适了。平公惊异的问他：你是说解狐？他不是你的仇人吗？你为什么还要举荐他担当这么重要的职位？ 祁黄羊笑着说：陛下只问我什么人能够胜任这个职位，并没有问我对解狐的个人看法呀！因此我举荐解狐。于是，晋王接受了他的建议，派解狐到南阳县去上任了。当然，解狐到任后，治理有方，他的同僚和当地百姓都敬重他。 过了一些日子，平公又向祁黄羊征求看法。这回，晋王想找个合适的人选担当朝廷法官。祁黄羊举荐了祁午。平公又惊奇起来了，因为祁午是祁黄羊的儿子。他问道：你怎么举荐你的儿子，不怕别人讲闲谈吗？祁黄羊说：陛下只问我谁最是合适的，我认为祁午是。 尽管晋王还有些迟疑，他还是派了祁午去做法官。事实证明，祁午是个正直，有才能的法官，很受人们的爱戴。孔子听说这两件事，非常赞扬祁黄羊。孔子说:祁黄羊是对的。他举荐人，完全是以才能做标准，不因为个人偏见，便不举荐他；也不因为怕人争论，便不举荐。像黄祁羊这样的人，才够得上说大公无私啦！ 大公无私这个成语就是由孔子的评论而来的，用来形容那些公正无私处理事物的人。 托班英语成语故事教案：黔驴技穷 这个成语比方仅有的一点本领也用完了，在没有别的方法了。 TheGuizhouDonkeyHasExhaustedItsTricks InancienttimestherewerenodonkeysinGuizhouprovince.Somebodybroughtadonkeyfromsomewhereandtiedittoatreeatthefootofamountain.Atigersawthedonkey,andthoughtthatitmustbeafearsomemonster.Ithidebehindatreeandspiedonthedonkey.Whenthedonkeybrayed,thetigerwasfrightened,thinkingthatthedonkeywasabouttodevourit.Afterawhile,seeingthatthedonkeyhadnotmoved,thetigerapproacheditandteasedit.Thedonkeybecameangry,andkickedthetiger.Thetigerthoughttoitself:Itthenallitiscapableof?Itthenjumpedonthedonkeyandateit. Thisidiomisusedtomeanthatonehasexhausetedonesskills. 托班英语成语故事教案：画龙点睛 这个成语用来比方讲话或写文章时，在关键地方加一两句重要的话，使内容更加生动有力。 PuttingtheFinishingTouchtothePictureofaDragon IntheSouthernandNorthernDynastiesPeriod(420-589),therewasapaintercalledZhangZengyou.Oncehevisitedatempleandpaintedonthewallfourdragons,butgavenoneofthemeyes.Theonlookersfeltthatwasodd,andaskedwhyhehadntpaintedtheeyes.Heanswered:Eyesarecrucialfordragons.withtheeyespaintedon,thedragonswouldflyaway.Nobodybelievedthis,soZhangZengyoutookuphisbrushandaddedeyestotwoofthedragons.Nosoonerhadhefinishedthanthetwodragonsflewintotheskyamidathunderstorm.Thetwowithouteyesstayedpaintedonthewall. Thisidiomisusedtodescribehow,whenwritingorspeaking,oneortwokeysentenceswillenhancethecontents. 托班英语成语故事教案：惊弓之鸟 Oneday,ashewasstandingbythesideoftheKingofWei,aflockofswangeesewereflyingover.Withconfidence,GengYingsaidtotheking,Thetwangofmybow-stringmightbringdownabird.TheKingdoubtedmuch.Justthenasolitaryswangooseappeared,lowandslowinitsflight,sadanddolorousinitscry.InstantlyGengYingbendedhisbowandforciblypulledthebowstring.Twang!Highupwentheshrillingsoundintotheairanddownfellthebirdtotheground.Thekingadmiredwithbewilderment.GangYingthenexplained:Thebirdwasflyinglowandslow,becauseitwasalreadyhurt;itwascryinginabittertone,becauseithadlostitscompanions.Duetothefactthatitwasalreadyhurtandsadatheart,thetwangofmystrongbow,thatbirdsdreadedmost,startledit.Theshrillingsoundmadeitsheartbeatfast,itswingsweak,itsbalanceuneven.Thusitfelldownjustascommonlyasamandropshischop-sticks,atthethunder-stroke,atadinnertable.HenceforthcomestheidiomAbirdstartledbythemeretwangofabow-string,illustratingacasewhereamanwhohadbeenpreviouslyandrepeatedlyfrightenedbecamenumbandstupefiedbyanewthingofthesamenaturenotknowinghowtofacethenewsituation. 惊弓之鸟 战国时期，有个杰出的弓箭手，叫做更赢。他的射箭本事在当时可称是绝无仅有。有一天，他和魏王并肩站着，天空中突然飞过一群鸿雁。更赢很自信的对魏王说：我可以用弓声就把飞鸟给打下来。魏王很怀疑。正在那是，一只孤雁很低很慢的飞过。鸣声凄惨。更赢见了，就张着弓，扣着弦，砰的一声，直入云宵。那孤雁果真应声落地。魏王惊羡之余，不明白这是怎么回事。更赢说明说：那孤雁飞得低且慢，因为它已经受过伤；它鸣叫的声音悲而哀，因为它离了群。身难过碎，使它心跳加速，两翼无力，体重失去平衡，正如人们吃饭时，突然听见雷声，筷子落地的状况一样自然而平常。 后人依据上面的故事，做成了惊弓之鸟这个成语，形容从前多次受过惊吓的人，突然遇到同样可怕的事物，就吓得魂飞魄散，惊惶失措，不知如何去应付新的环境。 托班英语成语故事教案：大义灭亲 Upholdjusticeatthecostofonesbloodrelation DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC),therewasmanydukedomsunderthekingoftheEasternZhouDynasty.Thesedukedomsoftenfoughtoneanothertoexpandtheirterritories.Andwithinadukedom,thestruggleforpowerfrequentlyoccurred.AtypicalcasewasthemurderoftheDukeofWeibyhisyoungerbrotherZhouXu. ZhouXucommittedthecrimewiththehelpofanimportantofficialcalledShiHou.Eventually,ZhouXubecamedukehimself.Thenhelaunchedwarsagainstotherdukedomsandthepeoplesuffered.Therewerecomplaintsandresentmentsallaround. Whenhelearnedaboutthis,ZhouXuwasworried.HetalkedwithShiHouabouthowtostabilizethesituationandwinbackpeoplesconfidence.ShiHousaid:Thatseasy.Illaskmyfathertospeakforus.Heishighlyesteemedbyalltheofficialsandthepeople.Imsurehellhelpusout. ShiHousfather,ShiQue,hadbeenahigh-rankingofficialservingundertheformerduke.HeresignedwhenZhuXuseizedpower.HehatedZhouXuforhismurderoftheformerduke.Healsohatedhisownson,ShiHou,forhispartinthemurder. Now,ShiHoucameandaskedhimforhelp.thefathersaid,Adukeascendancetopowershouldbegrantedbytheking.Ifthekingapprovedit,alltheproblemswillbesolved. Buthowcanwebetthekingsapproval?ShiHouaskedhisfather.Theoldmansaid,TheDukeofChenistrustedbythekingandhisdukedomhasgoodrelationshipwithours.IfyouandZhouXugototheDukeofChenandaskhimforhelp,Imsureheiswillingtosayagoodwordforyoubeforetheking. ShiHoupassedhisfatherswordtoZhuXuandtheywenttotheDukedomofChen.Butbeforetheyarrived,theoldmansentanexpressletterinsecrettotheDukeofChenaskinghimtokillthetwomurderers. AssoonasZhouXuandShiHouarrivedintheDukedomofChen,theywerearrested.SomeofficialsfromWeimadeaspecialtriptoChentokillthetwomen.TheyputZhouXutodeathbuthesitatedtokillShiHoubecauseofhisfather.Whentheoldmanlearntaboutthis,hesaidfirmly:Mysonhasalsocommittedthemurderoftheduke.Whatsthegoodtohavehimintheworld!hesenthisownmantoChenandbeheadedShiHou.Laterhistorianscommented:Tosafeguardtheinterestofthecountry,ShiQuedidnotbendthelawforthebenefitofhisrelative.Itsreallyacaseofcuttingoffconsanguinityforthesakeofrighteousness!HencecomestheidiomUpholdjusticeatthecostofonesbloodrelation. 大义灭亲 春秋时期，在东周周天子的统治下有很多小公国。这些国家经常为了扩大自己的领土而相互争斗。而且，在一个公国内部，权力之争也时常发生。卫国的州吁杀害自己的哥哥卫国的公爵就是一个典型的例子。 在一个重要的大臣石厚的帮助下，州吁杀害了他的哥哥。最终，他作了卫国的公爵。接着，他发动了同其他公国的斗争，使卫国人民经受了许多苦痛。人们怨声载道。 州吁对此也很担忧。他与石厚商议如何巩固政局，赢得百姓的信任。石厚说：这个简单。大臣和百姓们都非常敬重我的父亲，我去请他出来为我们说话。这样我确定他能帮我们解决这个问题。 石厚的父亲石碏曾是前任公爵的上卿。州吁夺权后，他辞去了官职。他痛恨州吁杀害了前任公爵。同时，他也恨自己的儿子石厚，因为他参加了这场谋杀。现在，石厚来向他求助。石碏说：诸侯接位，应当得到周天子的许可。只要他同意了，全部的问题都好解决。 可是怎么让周天子会同意吗？石