牛津深圳版中考英语时态复习讲与练-一般过去时.docx

牛津深圳版中考英语时态复习讲与练-一般过去时语法专题讲与练 一般过去时 l 理论讲解 一、概念及用法： l 是在“过去”的时间里发生的事情，但已经结束； l 过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为，与现在不发生关联； l 也可以是主语过去的状态、特征。如：I went to school on foot in the past. Helen was a student twenty years ago. They saw a funny film yesterday. 二、 句型结构： 1、be 动词的一般过去时 Ø 对过去的一种状态的描述。Ø be动词的过去式：am/is - was are - were (1)be动词的确定句 第一人称 + was . I was a student in the past. （指我过去是一名学生） 第三人称 + was . He was thin in his childhood. （指过去的他很瘦） 其次人称/各人称的复数 + were . They were happy yesterday. （指昨天他们很快乐） (2) be动词的一般疑问句及回答 Ø Be 动词放到主语前 Was + 第一人称 .？ Was I a student in the past? Was + 第三人称 .？ Was he thin in his childhood? Were + 其次人称/各人称的复数 .？ Were we/you/they happy yesterday? Ø 肯否定回答：Yes， 人称 be动词 . No， 人称 be动词+not . Yes,I was. No,I was not.(wasnt) Yes,he/she/it was. Yes,he/she/it was not(wasnt). Yes,you/we/they were. Yes,you/we/they were not(werent). 注：当确定句是第一人称的时候，变疑问句的时候，要用其次人称提问 如：I was happy. Were you happy？ Yes,I was. /No,I wasnt. (3) be动词的否定句 Ø be动词后加“not” I was a doctor ten years ago. I wasnt a doctor ten years ago. He was a little boy in the past. He wasnt a little boy in the past. You were fat before. You werent fat before. (4) be动词的特别疑问句 问句：特别疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 其他 ？ 回答：主语 + be动词 + 其他 . 如：Where was he just now？他刚才在哪里？ He was in the playground just now. How were they last Saturday？他们上周六过得怎么样？ They were happy last Saturday. 注：人称的改变，问题为第一人称，回答为其次人称； 问题为其次人称，回答为第一人称。2、 实义动词的一般过去时 Ø 在一般过去的前提下，表示常常性、习惯性的动作 Ø 实义动词：有详细意义的动词，可独立做谓语 (1)实义动词的确定句 主语 + 实义动词 + 其他。如：I finished my homework just now.我刚刚做完我的作业。 John played football with his friends last Sunday. 约翰上周日和他的挚友踢足球。 They usually watched TV together last year.他们去年通常一起看电视。 （一般过去式与“often、usually、always”连用，表示过去时间里常做的事情） (2) 实义动词的一般疑问句及回答 Ø 因为实义动词没方法独立变一般疑问句； Ø 借助“助动词”（did）放句首，组成一般疑问句； Ø 助动词 + 主语 + 实义动词原形 + 其他？ I saw many birds in the sky yesterday. Did you see many kites in the sky yesterday? He ate an apple last night. Did he eat an apple last night? They liked orange juice before. Did they like orange juice before? Ø 肯否定回答：Yes， 人称 助动词 . No， 人称 助动词+not . -Did you see many kites in the sky yesterday? -Yes,I did./ No,I didnt. 注：当确定句是第一人称的时候，变疑问句的时候，要用其次人称提问 (3) 实义动词的否定句 Ø 主语 + 助动词+not + 实义动词原形 + 其他。 I saw many birds in the sky yesterday. I didnt see many kites in the sky yesterday. He ate an apple last night. He didnt eat an apple last night. They liked orange juice before. They didnt like orange juice before. (4)实义动词的特别疑问句提问 问句：特别疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 实义动词原形 + 其他 ？ （or问句：特别疑问词+一般疑问句？） 如：What did you do last weekend？上周末你做了什么？ How did he go to school before？他之前怎么去学校的？ 注：人称的改变，问题为其次人称，回答为第一人称。 三、常见时间标记词： Ø 一般过去式时态常与一些表示过去时间的词或短语连用； Ø 常放置于句尾； Ø 可以通过时间标记词来推断句子的时态。 yesterday（昨天）、yesterday evening（昨晚） last night（昨晚）、last week（上周）、last month（上月） ago（.以前）、long long ago（很久很久以前）、two months ago（两个月以前） before（.之前）、before six hours（六个小时前） just now（刚才） 四、 动词的过去式 1、 规则改变如下： 1.一般干脆+“-ed” play played wash washed 2.以e结尾,去e，+“-d” live lived use used 3.辅音字母+y结尾，变yi，+“-ed” study studied try tried 4.重读闭音节，辅元辅结尾，双写最终辅音字母，+“-ed” stop stopped plan planned 2、 常见动词的过去式不规则改变表 认不出型 am/is-was are-were do-did go-went have/has-had eat-ate say-said see-saw take-took tell-told wear-wore make-made leave-left feel-felt fall-fell speak-spoke steal-stole stand-stood “o”变“a”型 come-came become-became “i”变“a”型 give-gave begin-began drink-drank run-ran ring-rang swim-swam sing-sang sit-sat “i”变“o”型 drive-drove write-wrote ride-rode “e”变“o”型 forget-forgot get-got “eep”变“ept”型 sleep-slept sweep-swept keep-kept “d”变“t”型 lend-lent send-sent spend - spent 词尾变“ew”型 blow-blew draw-drew fly-flew grow-grew know-knew throw-threw 变成“ought/aught”型 buy-bought teach-taught think-thought 就是不变型 cut-cut put-put read-read let-let beat-beat 短变长型 find-found hear-heard learn - learnt show - shown 长变短型 bite-bit choose-chose meet - met hide - hid 此动词过去式归类为参考，同学们可以依据自己的方式去记忆。 l 实践练习 1、写出下列动词的过去式 1. sit 2. swim 3. take 4. write 5. play 6. begin 7. cry 8. study 9. go 10. do 11. make 12. eat 13. have 14. read 15. come 16. live 17. stop 18. run 19. sing 20. cut 2、推断该句子是否为一般过去时，是的打“”，否则打“×” 1. It was a little cat before.( ) 2. I am a student.( ) 3. He will be a teacher in the future.( ) 4. You can do it well.( ) 5. They are going to Beijing tomorrow.( ) 6. We finished it yesterday.( ) 7. He went swimming last month.( ) 8. I read books just now.( ) 3、依据be动词的适当形式填空 1.Mike and I good friends before. 2.The man short in the past，but he tall now. 3.We so happy last night. 4.The little cat no home ago. 5.It useful for me ten years ago. 6. your father at home yesterday? Yes,he . 7.That my car before. 8.Yesterday the first of June. All children very excited. 9.There some tree in front of our house before. 10.Where Nancy just now? 11. there any apple on the tree last month ? No, there . 12. He a little boy and he already an adult twenty years ago. 13.Some tea in the bottle just now. 14.There any apples the tree last year. 15.How David and Helen five minutes ago？ 4、用括号里的单词的适当形式填空 1. Sam (come) here just now. 2. I (like)apples before，but I (like)grapes now. 3. He (not watch) TV last Monday. 4. Amy (have)three English class in primary school. 5. Tom and John always (go)swimming last summer holiday. 6. your father (stay) at home last night? No,he . 7. She (forget)to take her umbrella yesterday. 8. What you (do)just now? 9. I (buy)many food in supermarket. 10. Amy (cook)dinner on Sunday? Yes, she . 11. She (go) swimming yesterday. 12. We (not see) a film on Monday. 13. John and Amy (be) in the same class before. 14. I (be)ill. I (not go)to school last week. 15. Where he (go)on Saturday? 5、按要求改写句子 1. Helen finished her homework just now.(改为否定句) 2. They were so small before.(改为否定句) 3. We went hiking last Sunday.（改为一般疑问句，做确定回答） 4. It was new ten years ago.（改为一般疑问句，做否定回答） 5. He took many pictures in the park last time.（划线部分提问） 6. She studied math well in her childhood.（划线部分提问） 6、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确答案写在横线上） 1. Was your sister read books yesterday? 2. Did John watering flowers just now? 3. There was many fishes in the river last year. 4. They go shopping last weekend. 5. Ann dont go outside last Sunday.