第二册2课新概念笔记材料.doc

'' Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 一单词讲解 New words and expressions until prep. 直到 outside adv. 外面 ring （rang rung） v. （铃、电话等）响 aunt n. 姑、姨、婶、舅妈 repeat v. 重复 1. until prep. 直到。 。 。时候 till 直到（多用于口语） eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺倒吃午饭的时间。The street is full of cars from morning till/to night. 这条街上从早到晚的挤满了车辆。conj. 直到。 。 。时候（后面加句子） eg. I stayed in bed until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒我一直躺在床上。I didnt get up until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒我才起床。 until 主句中动词为延续性动词时用 until notuntil 主句中动词为非延续性动词时用 notuntil eg. I will wait for you until you come back. 我会一直等到你回来。I wont leave until you come back. 直到你回来我是不会走的。 eg. We stayed until the rain stopped. 我们一直等到雨停为止。We didnt start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了我们才出发。 2.outside n./adj./adv./prep.1) n. 外部；外观外部；外观eg. the outside of the house 房子的外面2) adj. 外面的，外部的；外来的外面的，外部的；外来的eg. an outside toilet 户外的厕所 toilet 'tlt n. 厕所，盥洗室；梳妆，打扮厕所，盥洗室；梳妆，打扮outside help 外来的帮助 3）adv. 在外面，向外面；在室外在外面，向外面；在室外 eg. It was dark outside. 外面很黑。Please wait outside. 请在外面等候。Dont go outside because its too cold. 不要出去因为太冷了。 4）prep. 在在范围之外范围之外'' eg. Its outside my business. 这不关我的事。 反义词：inside n./adj./adv./prep. 3. ring 1) n. 环状物， （尤指）戒指a wedding ring 婚戒 a diamond ring 钻戒 a gold ring 金戒指dark rings around her eyes 黑眼圈ring-road 环状公路 ring finger 无名指大拇指：thumb m 食指：index finger; the first finger; pointer Index 'ndks 食指,示指， 指标；指数；索引；指针指标；指数；索引；指针ginger 'dnd n. 姜；姜黄色；精力；有姜味姜；姜黄色；精力；有姜味中指：middle finger; the second finger; 无名指：ring finger; the third ginger 小拇指：little finger; pinkie 'pk have a ring on the middle finger （engaged n'gedd订婚） have a ring on the third finger (married 'mærd 已婚) 2）v. (铃，电话等)响ring rang rung eg. The door bell rang just now. 刚刚门铃响了。I rang the bell. 我按响了门铃。Will you answer the phone when it rings? 电话响的时候你去接电话好吗？ 3）v. (=U.S. call) 打电话ring sb (up) 给某人打电话=call sb (up) = phone sb = telephone sbgive sb a phone call eg. Ill ring you later. 我会晚点给你打电话。ring off: put down the receiver; hang off 挂断电话receiver r'siv n. 接收器；接受者；收信机接收器；接受者；收信机eg. He rang off before I could explain. 我还没解释他就挂断电话了。4.aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母 uncle 叔叔，舅舅，姨父，姑父 brother sister nephew 'nfju 侄子，外甥 niece nis 侄女，外甥女 '' cousin 'kzn 堂（表）兄弟姐妹 eg. a country cousin （贬） 乡下人，乡巴佬 5.repeat v.（say or write again, more than once） 重复说，或写某事物，反复重申 eg. “Im having breakfast,”I repeated. 我重复说：“我正在吃早饭呢。 ” eg. I repeated the question several times. 这个问题我重复了好几遍了。 eg. Am I repeating myself? 我以前说过这件事情吗？repetition 'rp'tn n. 重复，反复，重说，重写 learn by repetition 通过反复学习 二关键句型 Key structures 一般现在时和现在进行时的用法 -一般现在时 动词构成：谓语动词使用动词原形；系动词为 am, is, are 的形式。主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需有变化：1）直接加 “s” ；gives takes asks 2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，变“y”为“i” ，再加“es” ；carry carries 3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh,”结尾的动词加“es” 。goes dresses watches brushes功能：1）表达习惯性，规律性的动作 eg. I never get up early on Sundays. 星期天我从来都不早起。I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺倒吃午饭的时间。2）表达现在的事实状态或动作eg. We all like football. 我们都喜欢足球。Birds fly. 鸟会飞。This picture is of great value. 这幅画具有极大的价值。 value. 'vælju n. 值；价值；值；价值；3）表达客观真理，格言警句或事实 eg. The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。Two and two makes four. 二加二等于四。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。'' 经常搭配的副词： often sometimes usually seldom 'sldm adv 很少不常很少不常 every year always occasionally o'kenli adv. 偶尔；间或偶尔；间或 frequently 'frikwntli adv. 频繁地，频繁地， 经常地；时常，屡次经常地；时常，屡次 rarely 'rrli adv. 很少地；难得；罕有地很少地；难得；罕有地 副词的位置：通常放在实义动词之前，助动词之后。 eg. He doesnt always come by train. 他不总是坐火车来。Do you ever read in bed? 你在床上躺着看过书吗？I never like jazz. 我从来都不喜欢爵士乐。jazz. dæz n. 爵士乐爵士乐He rarely gets up before 10 oclock. 在 10 点之前他很少起床。We frequently have lunch at this restaurant. 我们总在这家餐馆吃饭。 -现在进行时 构成：am / is /are + doing 功能： 表示现在，目前正在做某事，正在进行的动作。 eg. It is raining. 正在下雨。I am still having breakfast. 我正在吃早饭。What are you doing? 你干吗呢？We are enjoying our lunch. 我们正在享用午餐。 表示现阶段正在进行的动作。eg. We are studying English this summer. 今年夏天我们在学英语。 He is taking physics this semester. 这一学期他正在学物理。 physics 'fzks n. 物理学；物理现象物理学；物理现象 semester. smst n. 学期；半年学期；半年 可用进行时态来表示即将开始的动作 go come leave arrive land meet die start return join eg. I am coming to see you. 我就来看你了。The bus is coming. 公共汽车就要来了。The plane is leaving for Shanghai. 飞机就要飞往上海了。The old man is very ill and he is dying. 这个老人病的非常严重，他现在就快要死了。 有些副词用在进行时中间，表示说话人带有感情色彩，如赞赏，厌恶等。 always forever f'v adv. 永远；不断地；常常永远；不断地；常常 continually kn'tnjli adv. 不断地；频繁地不断地；频繁地 constantly 'knstntli adv. 不断地；时常地不断地；时常地 eg. He is always lying. 他总是在说谎。 You are constantly complaining. 你总是在抱怨。complain km'plen vt. 抱怨；控诉抱怨；控诉 The girl is always thinking of others. 这个女孩总是考虑别人。 The naughty boy is continually making noises. 这个淘气的孩子总是在制造噪音。 naughty 'nti adj. 顽皮的，淘气的；顽皮的，淘气的；'' 下列表示状态，感觉，情绪，精神活动的动词不用于进行时态。用一般现在时。 believe doubt dat v. 怀疑；不信怀疑；不信 see hear know understand belong to b'l vi. 属于，应归入属于，应归入 think consider kn'sd vi. 考虑考虑 feel look seem sim vi. 似乎；似乎； show mind have sound taste require r'kwar vt. 需要；需要； 要求；命令要求；命令 possess p'zs vt. 控制；使掌握；持有控制；使掌握；持有 care like hate love detest d'tst vt. 厌恶；憎恨厌恶；憎恨 desire d'za vi. 渴望渴望 现在进行时通常搭配以下副词 now at present 现在 at this time these days -Exercise A 1I am looking out of my window. I can see some children in the street. The children _ (play) football. They always _ (play) football in the street. Now a little boy _ (kick) the ball. Anther boy _ (run) after him but he cannot catch him.are playing play is kicking is running 2I carried my bags into the hall.“What you _ (do)?” my landlady asked. landlady 'lændledi n. 女房东；女地主；女店主女房东；女地主；女店主“I _ (leave), Mrs. Lynch,” I answered. Lynch ln(t) 人名；人名；(法法)兰什；兰什；(英、德、英、德、 西西)林奇林奇“Why you _ (leave)?” she asked. “You have been here only a week.”“A week is too long, Mrs. Lynch,” I said. “There are too many rules in this house. My friends never _ (come) to visit me. Dinner is always at seven oclock, so I frequently _ (go) to bed hungry. You dont like noise, so I rarely _ (listen) to the radio. The heating doesnt work, so I always _ (feel) cold. This is a terrible place for a man like me. Goodbye, Mrs. Lynch.” heating 'hit 暖气设备暖气设备 are you doing am leaving are you leaving come go listen feel -Exercise B My friends never come to visit me. I frequently go to bed hungry. I rarely listen to the radio. I always feel cold. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. She answers my letters. (rarely) She rarely answers my letters.'' We work after six oclock. (never) We never work after six oclock. The shops close on Saturday afternoons. (always) The shops always close on Saturday afternoons. Do you go to work by car? (always) Do you always go to work by car? Our teacher collects our exercise books. (frequently) Our teacher frequently collects our exercise books. We spend our holidays abroad. (sometimes) We sometimes spend holidays abroad. 7I buy CDs. (often)I often buy CDs. 8Do you buy CDs? (ever)Do you ever buy CDs? 三课文讲解 Text It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. “What a day!” I thought. “Its raining again.” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. “Ive just arrived by train,” she said. “Im coming to see you.” “But Im still having breakfast,” I said. “What are you doing?” she asked. “Im having breakfast,” I repeated. “Dear me,” she said. “Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!” 1. It was Sunday. 过去式 那是个星期天。 2. I never get up early on Sundays. 星期天我从来不早起。never 从未，未曾，永不 eg. I have never been abroad. 我从没出过国。 eg. Would you do that?Never. eg. I never get up before 10 oclock in mornings. 我从不在早上 10 前起床。 eg. Never fear. 别害怕。 fear. fr vt. 害怕；敬畏；为害怕；敬畏；为担心担心 Never give up. 永不放弃。 Never say die. 永不言败。 Never lose heart. 绝不要灰心丧气。 early adj. / adv. an early morning 一大早''eg. The early bird catches the worm. wm 早起的鸟能捉到虫。 捷足先登。eg. I got up early this morning. 今天早晨我起得很早。 3. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺到吃午饭的时间。 stay in bed 躺在床上 stay at home 呆在家里 sometimes 有时候 some times 几次，几倍 some time 一段时间 sometime 将来或过去的某个时候 eg. I will be somebody sometime in the future. 总有一天我将是个大人物。 4. Last Sunday I got up very late. get up 起床 go to bed 睡觉 fall asleep/go to sleep 睡着了 late adj. /adv. 晚 eg. Im sorry for being late. 对不起我迟到了。 adj. I got up very late. 我起床起得很晚。 adv. stay up late 熬夜，醒着，不去睡 lately:= recently 'risntli 最近 eg. Have you been abroad lately? 你最近出过国吗？ I bought a new car lately. 最近我买了辆新车。 Lately 通常放在现在完成时和一般过去时中。 5. I looked out of the window. look out of 向。 。 。外看 look out of the window 向窗外看 look out of the door 向门外看 look into 1 向。 。 。里看 look into the box 向盒子里面看 2 调查，分析 eg. The police are looking into the case. 警察正在调查这个案件。 look out! 小心，当心 eg. Look out! The car nearly knocked you over. 当心！这个车差点撞到你。 6. It was dark outside. “What a day!” I thought. What a day! 感叹句 What a terrible day! What a wonderful day! 天气多好啊！ What a lovely day! What a beautiful day! 7. “Its raining again.” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. just then=at that moment 就在那一刻''It 虚主语，无法确定是男性还是女性的时候用 it 来代替。 8. “Ive just arrived by train,” she said.by train 坐火车 by bus by plane/by air by ship/by sea/by water by caron foot eg. I came here on foot. (I walked here.) 我走路来的。eg. We got into the mountain on horseback. 我们骑马上山。take a train 乘坐火车 take a bus/take a car take a plane take a ship 表示交通方式的时候用 by 直接加交通工具，不加冠词强调动作本身，用 take 加冠词，在加工具本身。eg. In order to go to school on time, I took a taxi. 为了准时上学去，我打了一辆车。 9. “Im coming to see you.” 我就来看你了。用进行时表示将来时。 10. “But Im still having breakfast,” I said.have breakfast have lunch have supper have dinnerhave a meal 吃一顿饭 “What are you doing?” she asked.“Im having breakfast.” I repeated. 11. “Dear me.” She said. “Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!”Dear me! 天哪！ Oh my god! Good heavens! 'hvn n. 天空天空 Goodness me! 'dns int. 天哪天哪It 做虚主语 It was Sunday. It was my aunt Lucy. It was dark outside. Its one oclock!It 做虚主语可以表达Its one oclock. (时间) Its cold in winter. (气候) Its only me. (人)Its a long way from here. (距离) Its very dirty here. (环境) Special Difficulties-感叹句 英文中表达感叹句可以用 What 引导，也可以用 How 引导。What + a/an + adj. + n. +主+谓！eg. What a terrible day (it is)! 天气是多么糟糕！How + adj. + a/an + n. +主+谓！eg. How terrible a day (it is)! what 修饰的中心词是名词，how 修饰的中心词是形容词副词本身， eg. This is a wonderful garden! What a wonderful garden this is! How wonderful a garden this is! eg. This is a surprise! 这是一个惊喜！What a surprise this is! '' 没有形容词和副词不可能用 how 来引导 eg. He is causing a lot of trouble! 他正在导致许多麻烦！What a lot of trouble he is causing! eg. They are wonderful actors! 他们是极棒的演员！What wonderful actors they are! 复数名词，通常情况用 what 来引导。eg. She is a hard-working woman! What a hard-working woman she is!=How hard-working a woman she is!eg. It is a tall building! 这是一栋高楼What a tall building it is!=How tall a building it is!eg. Its a terrible film! 这是一部很糟糕的电影。What a terrible film it is!= How terrible a film it is!eg. You are a clever boy! 你是个聪明的孩子！What a clever boy it is!= How clever a boy it is!eg. She is a pretty girl! 她是个漂亮的女孩子！What a pretty girl she is!=How pretty a girl she is!eg. He is a strange guy! 他是个奇怪的家伙！What a strange guy he is!=How strange a guy he is!eg. She is a lovely girl! 她是个可爱的女孩！What a lovely girl she is!=How lovely a girl she is!eg. This is an interesting play! 这是一部有趣的戏！What an interesting play this is!=How interesting a play this is!eg. He is a rude fellow! 他是个粗鲁的家伙！What a rude fellow he is!=How rude a fellow he is!eg. She is an amusing girl! 她是个有趣的女孩！What an amusing girl she is!= How amusing a girl she is!eg. Those are horrible dresses! 那是一些恐怖的衣服难看的衣服。What horrible dresses those are! horrible 'hrb()l adj. 可怕的；极讨厌的可怕的；极讨厌的四 练习 Exercises He doesnt get up early on Sundays. He gets up _. A late B lately C slowly D hardly 晚的 最近 慢 几乎不 A 2. Just then, the telephone rang.It rang _.''A at once B immediately 'midtli C again D at that momentA 和 B 立刻，马上 再一次 就在那个适合 D 3. Breakfast is the first _ of the day.A food B dinner C lunch D meal 晚餐，正餐 一顿饭 D 4. A child has _ trust in its mother.A absolute 'æbslut B reliable r'labl C preferable 'prfrbl D countless 'kantls绝对的完全的 可靠的 更好的 无数的 A 复习 Review 1. 一般现在时和现在完成时 1) 一般现在时通常表示习惯性，规律性动作；现在的事实，状态，或客观真理，格言 警句等。通常搭配表示频率的副词： often sometimes usually never always every year seldom occasionally frequently eg. I never get up early on Sundays.2) 现在进行时表示现在或先阶段正在做某事。 eg. Im having breakfast. 我正在吃早饭呢。 2. Main Points: until 直到 not until 直到.才 若句中动词是一个延续性动词，用 until； 若句中动词是非延续性动词用 notuntil。 ring n. 环状物，戒指 打电话，铃响，电话响eg. Ill ring you later. 我以后会给你打电话的。eg. The bell rang. 电话铃响了。 stay in bed 躺在床上 What a day! 什么鬼天气！ eg. How terrible a day it is! 多么可怕的天气啊！ 补充内容 量词 1. an armful 'mfl of (双臂或单臂)一抱的 eg. She came back with an armful of books. 她抱着一抱书回来了。 2. an article 'rtkl of 一件''an article of furniture 一件家具an article of luggage 'ld 一件行李