2020_2021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷详解版.pdf
2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷1/2720202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷(详解)一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）1.A Guide to Film FestivalsCannes Film FestivalCannes, France in MayTop prize: Palme d OrHistory: The first Cannes Film Festival was scheduled to take place in September 1939, but theoutbreak of World War forced its cancellation. It didnt open for the first time until after the war. ThePalme d Or prize was introduced in 1955. The festival became established during the 1960s and isnow known as the worlds most important film festival.Did you know? About 20 feature films compete each year for the Palme d Or. Previous winnersinclude Michael Moore and Quentin Tarantino. Unlike the Oscars, the top prize is frequently sharedbetween two films. Famous films that have won the Palme d Or include Apocalypse Now, Taxi Driver,La Dolce Vita and The Third Man. The festival attracts more than 40, 000 people every year.Venice Film FestivalVenice, Italy in August/ SeptemberTop prize: Golden LionHistory: The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival. The film festival started in 1932 and itattracted over 25, 000 people. The festival did not appear again until 1934, when there was acompetition between 19 countries. The festival was held three times during World War and hasbeen held almost every year since then.Did you know? Films at the 61st Venice Film Festival in 2004 were nominated for 16 awards at theOscarsthe highest ever for the festival. These films included Vera Drake, Shark Tale, Collateral andFinding Never land.The London Film Festival2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷2/27A.B.C.D.（ 1 ）A.B.C.D.（ 2 ）A.B.C.D.（ 3 ）（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）【答案】London, UK in October/ NovemberTop prize: Non-competitiveHistory: The London Film Festival started in 1956 when a group of film critics led by the famous DilysPowell, the film critic for The Sunday Times, got together over dinner. They discussed the festivals atCannes and Venice, and they agreed that London needed one, too. They wanted to give people theopportunity to see films from around the world that were not being shown in the cinemas. The firstfestival showed 20 films at the National Film Theatre on the South Bank.Did you know? The festival is one of Europes largest public film events, screening about 280 filmsfrom 60 countries. Although it is non-competitive, the British Film Institute awards the SutherlandTrophy to the most original and imaginative feature film screened at the festival.We can know from the passage that .The Third Man won the Golden LionThe Cannes Film Festival started in 1939the Palme d Or can be awarded to two filmsthe Palme d Or was introduced during World War The Venice Film Festival .didnt attract many people at firsthas been held every year since 1934is regarded as the most important film festivalhas been running longer than any other film festivalWhat was the purpose of the London Film Festival at the beginning?To bring film critics together.To compete with other film festivals.To choose the most original feature films.To screen films not shown in the cinemas.CDD2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷3/27（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个Did you know?部分的内容Unlike the Oscars, the topprize is frequently shared between two films.与奥斯卡不同的是，最高奖项经常由两部电影共同获得。也就是说金棕榈奖可以颁发给两部电影，故答案为C。细节理解题。根据第二个History部分的内容The Venice Film Festival is the oldestfilm festival.威尼斯电影节是历史最悠久的电影节。可知，故答案为D。细节理解题。根据第三个History部分的内容The London Film Festival started in 1956 They wanted to give people the opportunity to see films from around the world伦敦电影节始于1956年， 他们想让人们有机会看到不在电影院上映的世界各地的电影。可知，在1956年，一些电影评论家希望伦敦也有电影节，希望人们有机会看到没有在电影院播放的世界各地的电影。故答案为D。2.Beauty has always been regarded as something that deserves praise. Almost everyone thinksattractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs.Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractivedefendants. But in the executive（主管）circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmfulto a woman. Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men; effort andability were thought to account for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractiveones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive womenexecutives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable （ 能 力 强 的 ） than theattractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight success wasattributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnightsuccess. An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine（女性化的）and an attractiveman more manly than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage intraditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack themanly qualities required.2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷4/27A. troubleB. advantageC. misfortuneD. opportunity（ 1 ）A. is beneficialB. Is decisiveC. ensures successD. reflects honesty（ 2 ）A. B. C. D. （ 3 ）A.B.C.D.（ 4 ）（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）（ 4 ）【答案】（ 1 ）【解析】This is true even in politics（政治）. When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treatmen and women differently, says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects ofattractiveness on political candidates（候选人）. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank twogroups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. Then the studentswere told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank themagain, in the order they would vote for them. The results showed that attractive males defeated unattractive men, but the women whohad been ranked most attractive received the fewest votes.The underlined word liability in Paragraph 1 most probably means .In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness .The sentence Why are attractive women not thought to be able? should be put in .The author writes this passage to .demand equal rights in politics for femalesgive advice on how to achieve success for menstress the importance of appearance for job-seekersdiscuss the disadvantages of attractiveness for womenAACD词义猜测题。前文都在讲美丽给人们带来很多的优势，但该句中出现了but可知liability是 缺点、劣势 的意思，trouble麻烦，结合前面become a trouble成为一个麻烦，符合题意，所以选择A。2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷5/27（ 2 ）（ 3 ）（ 4 ）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中an attractive woman has an advantage intraditionally female jobs.可知，一个漂亮的女人在传统女性的工作中有优势，故答案为A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中An attractive woman is considered to be morefeminine（女性化的）and an attractive man more manly than the less attractiveones.有魅力的女人比没有魅力的女人更有女人味，有魅力的男人比没有魅力的男人更有男子气概。题干中的thought to be able和后面中is considered to be相联系，且空后内容是中的延伸，故答案为C。写作目的题。根据第一段的最后一句But in the executive（主管）circle, beauty canbecome a liability.但在高管圈，美貌可能成为一种不利因素。以及整个全文可知，目的是讨论女性魅力的缺点，故答案为D。3.Its been a long, wet winter. Everybody has got colds, and now we are braced for a coronavirus（冠状病毒）pandemic. Improving our immune system has never felt more important, but beyondeating more oranges and hoping for the best, what else can we do?When you come into contact with a virus youve never met before, says Sheena Cruickshank, aprofessor of immunology at the University of Manchester, youve got various barriers（屏障）such asskin and microbiome to try to stop it getting youre your body, If a virus breaks these defenses, it hasto deal with our white blood cells, or immune cells.However, our immune systems may have blind spots. This might mean that our immuneresponse doesnt recognize certain bugs（轻微传染病）, says Cruickshank, Personally, my immunesystem is not necessarily very good at seeing colds. But a healthy lifestyle will ensure your defensesare as good as they can get.Cruickshank recommends eating a more varied diet with lots of high-fiber foods. Beingvegetarian isnt a necessity for microbiome health, but the more plant foods you eat, the better.To be immunologically fit, you need to be physically fit. White blood cells can be quite inactive, Says Prof Arne Akbar, the president of the British Society for Immunology, Exercise activates them byincreasing your blood flow, so they can do their surveillance（监督）jobs and seek and destroy in2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷6/27A. skinB. bloodC. microbiomesD. immune cells（ 1 ）A.B.C.D.（ 2 ）A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5（ 3 ）A.B.C.D.（ 4 ）other parts of the body. The National Health Service says adults should be physically active in someway every day, and do at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity (hiking, gardening,cycling)or 75 minutes of vigorous activity (running, swimming fast, an aerobics class).One of the many happy side-effects of exercise is that it reduces stress, which is next on our listof immune-improving priorities （ 首 要 事 项 ） . Stress hormones can weaken immune function, acommon example of which, says Akbar, is when chickenpox（水痘）strikes twice. If you have had it,the virus never completely goes away, During periods of stress, he says, it can reactivate again andwe get ill.Exercising and eating well will have the likely knock-on effect of helping you sleep better, which isan extra benefit because a tired body is more likely to get a bug. One study last year found that lack ofsleep damaged the disease-fighting ability of a type of lymphocyte called T cells, and research isshowing the importance of our natural biorhythms（生物节律）overall. Your natural biorhythms are,to some extent, controlled by sleep, says Akbar If youve got a regular sleep pattern, you havenatural body rhythms and everythings fine, If they go out of order, then youve got problems.When the barriers fail to prevent a virus entering your body, will come up next.What does Cruickshank mean by saying my immune system is not necessarily very good atseeing colds?She does not lead a healthy life.Catching a cold is not a terrible thing.The immune system cannot always be trusted.Blind spots will not change the immune response,This passage mainly introduces health benefits of exercise.What can be the best title for the passage?How to exercise and eat wellHow to enjoy a healthy lifestyleHow to improve the immune systemHow to get various barriers against coronavirus2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷7/27（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）（ 4 ）【答案】（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）（ 4 ）【解析】DDBC细节理解题。根据第二段中youve got various barriers such as skin If a virusbreaks these defenses, it has to deal with our white blood cells, or immune cells.你有皮肤和微生物等各种障碍阻止你得到你的身体，如果病毒破坏这些防御，它必须处理我们的白血细胞，或免疫细胞。可知，答案为D。细节理解题。根据第二段中However, our immune systems may have blind spots.This might mean that our immune response doesnt recognize certain bugs（轻微传染病）.可知， 我们的免疫系统可能有盲点。 这可能意味着我们的免疫系统不能识别某些细菌，也就是说盲点不会改变免疫反应。故答案为D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中 adults should be physically active in some wayevery day, and do moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity成年人应该每天以某种方式进行体育锻炼，每周至少做150分钟的适度有氧运动（徒步旅行、园艺、骑自行车）或75分钟的剧烈运动（跑步、快速游泳、上有氧健身课）。总共是三种方式，故答案为B。最佳标题题。根据首段Improving our immune system has never felt more important what else can we do? 提高我们的免疫系统从来没有感觉如此重要，但除了吃更多的橙子和期待最好的，我们还能做什么呢？后文围绕如何改善免疫系统这一话题进行展开可知，C：如何改善免疫系统，最适合当本文的标题。故答案为C。4.My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundreddollars in uncashed travelers cheques（支票）, and is asleep at the moment. His blue duffel bag lieson the floor where he dropped it. Obviously, he postponed as much sleep as he could: when hewalked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly turned off, and he headed directly for thebed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷8/27A. ran out of moneyB. didnt get enough sleepC. forgot to call his motherD. failed to take his suitcase（ 1 ）A. adventurousB. independentC. creativeD. polite（ 2 ）A.B.C.D.（ 3 ）It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books on him, and a tape ofuseful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other things. Atthe luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying thatsuitcases were more for old people.During the trip, he called home three times; from London, Paris, and a village named Ullapool.Near Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off In the village, a manspoke to him in Gaelic（盖尔语）, and, too polite to stop him, my son listened to him for ten or fifteenminutes, trying to nod in the right places. The French he learned from the tape didnt hold water inParis. The French he talked to shrugged and walked on.When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and hung on every word. His voice camethrough clearly, though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communication. When I broke in with aGreat! or a Really? , I knocked a little hole in his communication, So I just sat and listened, I havenever listened to a telephone so attentively and with so much pleasure. It was wonderful to hear newsfrom him that was so new to me. In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knewthat I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help. Theunused cheques are certainly proof of that. Youth travels light. No suitcase, not much luggage and aslim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely, I sit here amazed. Thenight when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country youve never seen is a night youwould gladly turn into a week.During the trip, the authors son .According to the passage, the authors son can BEST be described as .What does the underlined word that in the last paragraph refer to?It is important to listen to your childs story.Its easy to break in on the chat with your child,The author is proud of her son landing on the moon.The son no longer needs much help from his mother.2021/12/22 上午9:5620202021学年江苏南京鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末英语试卷9/27A.B.C.D.（ 4 ）（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）（ 4 ）【答案】（ 1 ）（ 2 ）（ 3 ）（ 4 ）【解析】We can infer from the passage that .good parents should protect their children from potential dangersthe world is a book and those who do not travel read only one pageIts a win-win choice to give a child space to experience and explorecommunication between parents and children is extremely importantBBDC细节理解题。根据第一段中Obviously, he postponed as much sleep as he could显然，他尽可能地推迟了睡眠时间。可知，在旅途中，作者的儿子睡眠不足。故答案为B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中No suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expenseaccount, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely, I sit here amazed.没有手提箱，没有太多的行李和微薄的费用帐户，但他去了外面，并安全回来，我坐在这里感到惊讶。可知作者的儿子是独立的。故答案为B。推理判断题。that是指倒数第二段结尾 I knew that I had no advice to give him andthat what I had already given was probably not much help.我知道我没有什么建议可以给他，我已经给过的建议可能也没有多少帮助。推知，孩子很独立了，不再需要母亲的帮助了。故答案为D。推理判断题。根据文章内容，作者的儿子独自
