2023年河北职称英语考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2023年河北职称英语考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Most of the pioneers of low-temperature physics expected gases to liquefy, but none of them predicted superconductivity. This phenomenon was discovered in 1911 by Onnes while he was studying frozen mercury.More than 40 years passed before physicists were able to offer an explanation for superconductivity. The accepted theory, developed in the 1950s, holds that the fundamental behavior of electrons changes at very low temperatures because of the effects of quantum mechanics. Electrons are tiny particles that make up the outer part of an atom, circling rapidly around the nucleus of the atom. In a regular conductora metal that conducts an electric currentthe outermost electrons are not bound tightly to the atoms, and so they move around relatively freely. The flow of these electrons is an electric current.At normal temperatures, a conductor’s electrons cannot move completely freely through the metal because they are bumped around by the metal’s atoms. But according to the leading theory of superconductivity, when a metal is very cold, electrons form pairs. Then, like couples maneuvering on a crowded dance floor but never colliding, the paired electrons are able to move unimpeded through the metal. In pairing up, it seems, the electrons are able to blend together and move in unison without resistance.This explanation seems to account for superconductivity at extremely low temperatures, but in 1986 scientists in Switzerland found that some metal-containing ceramics are superconductors at much higher temperatures. By 1992, scientists had developed ceramics that become superconducting at - 297’F, and some researchers speculated that room-temperature superconductors may be possible. Scientists are still trying to formulate a theory for high-temperature superconductivity.The new ceramic materials can be maintained at their superconducting temperatures, with relatively inexpensive liquid nitrogen rather than the much colder and much more costly liquid helium required by metal superconductors. The cost difference could make superconductivity practical for many new technologies. For example, magnetically levitated trains, which require superconducting electromagnets, would be much cheaper to build than they are now. Superconducting devices might also be used for advanced power transmission lines and in new types of compact, ultrafast computers. But for the time being, superconductivity is finding application mostly in scientific research and in some kinds of medical imaging devices.The best advantage of new ceramic materials over metal superconductors is ().A. their inexpensive costB. their more practical usesC. their better quality in conductivityD. their nature for multi-application2.The Value of Advertisement 3.The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight 4.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 5.3. Will Anyone Watch 3-D TV Mark the calendar: 2010 might be the year that TVs final frontier gets broken. Announced in early September, the newest models in the offing (马上就来临的) for late 2010 from Sony and Panasonic are bringing 3-D HDTV (高消晰度电视) into the home. That is, if youre willing to wear the glasses. Yes, glasses. Theyre not quite the flimsy red-and-blue-cellophane (玻璃纸) getups that they used to be, but the Sony and Panasonic models still require you to wear a pair of shades to observe the effect. How can TV manufacturers convince you that seeing shows in 3-D is worth the annoyance of having to wear a pair of specs (眼镜) The first way is by making the technology way better. After all. 3-D entertainment is nothing new. The early 1950s were flooded with 3-D movies, and the technology has made an occasional comeback ever since. Each time, though, its done in by the same complaints: poor image quality and headaches and eyestrain from extended viewing. Early reviews of the new models from Sony and Panasonic suggest theyve solved the problem. Both use glasses that contain tiny shutters (快门), opening and closing at 120 frames per second, in sync with (与同步)the image on the screen to give the illusion of depth. Its a new approach that gives users a wider viewing angle, another weakness of older approaches. All this would be pointless if the entertainment industry werent also taking a new look at 3-D, The recent spate (一阵) of 3-D movies on the big screen-G-Force, Monsters vs Aliens and My Bloody Valentine all had 3-D debuts this year-foreshadows (预示) a similar spurt on the small screen. Blu-ray discs, which have the storage capacity necessary for high-definition 3-D content, and their players are becoming more affordable, and Panasonic is working with movie studios to release 3-D editions of movies, timed to coincide with the first group of TVs. Broadcast networks are paying close attention too-ESPN broadcast the Sept. 12 USC vs. Ohio State college-football game in 3-D as a pilot test. and in Britain there are already stations dedicated to 3-D content. But still. The glasses! The headgear(盔)necessary to watch modem 3-D TVs remains bulky-and, well, ugly-but Luxottica, maker of Ray-Ban, is working on a solution tot that. The company plans to release 3-D glasses modeled after Ray-Bans classic Wayfarer (徙步旅行者) shades. giring even the style-conscious enthusiast little reason to resist 3-D.The entertainment industry is taking a new look at 3-D to put a number of 3-D movies on the show.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6.3. Will Anyone Watch 3-D TV Mark the calendar: 2010 might be the year that TVs final frontier gets broken. Announced in early September, the newest models in the offing (马上就来临的) for late 2010 from Sony and Panasonic are bringing 3-D HDTV (高消晰度电视) into the home. That is, if youre willing to wear the glasses. Yes, glasses. Theyre not quite the flimsy red-and-blue-cellophane (玻璃纸) getups that they used to be, but the Sony and Panasonic models still require you to wear a pair of shades to observe the effect. How can TV manufacturers convince you that seeing shows in 3-D is worth the annoyance of having to wear a pair of specs (眼镜) The first way is by making the technology way better. After all. 3-D entertainment is nothing new. The early 1950s were flooded with 3-D movies, and the technology has made an occasional comeback ever since. Each time, though, its done in by the same complaints: poor image quality and headaches and eyestrain from extended viewing. Early reviews of the new models from Sony and Panasonic suggest theyve solved the problem. Both use glasses that contain tiny shutters (快门), opening and closing at 120 frames per second, in sync with (与同步)the image on the screen to give the illusion of depth. Its a new approach that gives users a wider viewing angle, another weakness of older approaches. All this would be pointless if the entertainment industry werent also taking a new look at 3-D, The recent spate (一阵) of 3-D movies on the big screen-G-Force, Monsters vs Aliens and My Bloody Valentine all had 3-D debuts this year-foreshadows (预示) a similar spurt on the small screen. Blu-ray discs, which have the storage capacity necessary for high-definition 3-D content, and their players are becoming more affordable, and Panasonic is working with movie studios to release 3-D editions of movies, timed to coincide with the first group of TVs. Broadcast networks are paying close attention too-ESPN broadcast the Sept. 12 USC vs. Ohio State college-football game in 3-D as a pilot test. and in Britain there are already stations dedicated to 3-D content. But still. The glasses! The headgear(盔)necessary to watch modem 3-D TVs remains bulky-and, well, ugly-but Luxottica, maker of Ray-Ban, is working on a solution tot that. The company plans to release 3-D glasses modeled after Ray-Bans classic Wayfarer (徙步旅行者) shades. giring even the style-conscious enthusiast little reason to resist 3-D.3-D movies and TVs will replace the present normal movies and TVs in the next decade.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 8.3. Will Anyone Watch 3-D TV Mark the calendar: 2010 might be the year that TVs final frontier gets broken. Announced in early September, the newest models in the offing (马上就来临的) for late 2010 from Sony and Panasonic are bringing 3-D HDTV (高消晰度电视) into the home. That is, if youre willing to wear the glasses. Yes, glasses. Theyre not quite the flimsy red-and-blue-cellophane (玻璃纸) getups that they used to be, but the Sony and Panasonic models still require you to wear a pair of shades to observe the effect. How can TV manufacturers convince you that seeing shows in 3-D is worth the annoyance of having to wear a pair of specs (眼镜) The first way is by making the technology way better. After all. 3-D entertainment is nothing new. The early 1950s were flooded with 3-D movies, and the technology has made an occasional comeback ever since. Each time, though, its done in by the same complaints: poor image quality and headaches and eyestrain from extended viewing. Early reviews of the new models from Sony and Panasonic suggest theyve solved the problem. Both use glasses that contain tiny shutters (快门), opening and closing at 120 frames per second, in sync with (与同步)the image on the screen to give the illusion of depth. Its a new approach that gives users a wider viewing angle, another weakness of older approaches. All this would be pointless if the entertainment industry werent also taking a new look at 3-D, The recent spate (一阵) of 3-D movies on the big screen-G-Force, Monsters vs Aliens and My Bloody Valentine all had 3-D debuts this year-foreshadows (预示) a similar spurt on the small screen. Blu-ray discs, which have the storage capacity necessary for high-definition 3-D content, and their players are becoming more affordable, and Panasonic is working with movie studios to release 3-D editions of movies, timed to coincide with the first group of TVs. Broadcast networks are paying close attention too-ESPN broadcast the Sept. 12 USC vs. Ohio State college-football game in 3-D as a pilot test. and in Britain there are already stations dedicated to 3-D content. But still. The glasses! The headgear(盔)necessary to watch modem 3-D TVs remains bulky-and, well, ugly-but Luxottica, maker of Ray-Ban, is working on a solution tot that. The company plans to release 3-D glasses modeled after Ray-Bans classic Wayfarer (徙步旅行者) shades. giring even the style-conscious enthusiast little reason to resist 3-D.Style-conscious enthusiasts will definitely resist 3-D TVs because of the big and ugly 3-D glasses.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned9.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 10.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 11.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 12.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 13.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 14.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 15.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 16.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 17.No Jetlag(时差反应) Anymore 18.下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Kitchen Design Over the years economic, social and technological factors have influenced the design of kitchens. Since it is often used simultaneously by both family members as well as guests, the kitchen requires not only a glamorous look but a practical one. Also, the design elements must meet the needs of the modern family. Environmental concerns have had an enormous impact on kitchen design. This concern includes recycling of household material, as well as energy efficient appliances and the purity of both water and air. Research shows that up to 85 percent of the population is concerned about what might be in their drinking water. They are also often dissatisfied with the taste and odor of what comes out of their tap. This is why its important to consider adding a water filter system. The character of todays kitchen is very different from the way it was thirty years ago. Theres more sophistication in food preparation, and more technological help with cooking and clean-up. When choosing cabinets, first consider the style. Use the architectural style of your house as a guide. Because cabinets are a big investment, it is best to choose quality. Popular styles in kitchen cabinets are framed panel doors with raised or recessed panels of wood, cabinet fronts with glass panes, or simple slab doors in a rich painted or laminated finish. Cabinet pulls, dont be afraid to mix and match styles. Because many of todays kitchens consist of two or more cooks sharing in the meal preparation, there is a need for more counter space, cook tops and sinks. Although lifestyles are changing, the primary function of the kitchen as an area for preparing food has remained unchanged. The sink remains one of the most used areas in the kitchen as well as an important decorative statement. Appliance technology is moving at a very fast pace. Choosing what type of appliances as well as how many will depend on several factors such as how often and how much you cook and the size of your kitchen. Dont limit yourself to one of each kind of appliance. You can have a refrigerator in one place and a freezer in a separate area or two sets of cook tops, one on the counter next to the wall oven and one on an island. You can even have two dishwashers if size and budget require and permitthink of it as saving time in the long run.A well-designed kitchen should be modern, beautiful and practical at the same time. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 19.下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题定1个最佳选项。B第一篇/BDoubts and Debates over the Worth of MBA Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds favorite academic title: the MBA ( Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th-century product always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. "If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one," said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. "But in the last five years or so, when someone says, Should I attempt to get an MBA, the answer a lot more is: It depends. " The success of Bill Gates and o