2021届厦门市禾山中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 届厦门市禾山中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isnt an either/or one,although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training,but also insists that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central elements of Americas educational system at all levels.Both areas are the key to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society,become innovative leaders,and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances,its natural to look for what may appear to be the most“practical”way out of the problem;“major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some,though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft”often,in fact,lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well,think critically,research creatively,and communicate easily.Moreover,students should be prepared not just for their first job,but for their 4th and 5th jobs,as theres little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to take advantage of every available tool and insightpicked up from science,arts,and technologyto solve the problems of the future,and seize the opportunities,will be helpful to them and the nation.1.What does the latest congressional report suggest?A.STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B.The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C.The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students spiritual life.D.Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.2.What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A.Their interest in relevant subjects.B.The academic value of the courses.C.The quality of education to receive.D.Their chances of getting a good job.3.What does the author say about the so called“soft”subjects?A.They benefit students in their future life.B.They broaden students range of interests.C.They just improve students communication skills.D.They are essential to students healthy growth.B The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart.We tried to slow it down with treatment,but it suddenly stopped beating completely.Later,whenever I would have a case like that one,I found myself second-guessing my clinical management.However,it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper,Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result,they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient,often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences,thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us.A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed(开药)warfarin,the physician was about 20%less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes(中风).However,if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors.In the blood-thinner study,doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient)and less affected by letting harm happen(not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke).Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine.Overreaction to Fearsome Risks holds true for broader society.For instance,sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions.Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and,according to the study,such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational(不理性的)thinking when processing information,bad events and mistakes.As much as we dont want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again,we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesnt necessarily mean we did anything wrong.When we overthink,we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced.Instead,we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient,who died more than a year ago.Instead of second-guessing myself,I trusted my clinical instinct(本能)and stayed the course.Every one of those patients survived.You should trust your instinct in your life,too.4.The first two paragraphs suggest that_.A.bad medical outcomes affect doctors B delivering babies can be difficult work C.some doctors are not very experienced D.doctors sometimes make silly mistakes 5.In the blood-thinner study,doctors_.A.tend to prescribe less effective medicine B.are more concerned about the patients safety C.become less confident in writing a prescription D.believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding 6.What does the underlined word fallout in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Result B.Benefit C.Difference D.Absence 7.The author will probably agree that_.A.we should not doubt our own decisions B.our experience will pave way for our future C.humans are emotional and irrational on the whole D.instincts dont necessarily lead to wrong directions C Coke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886,making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries.This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your C.A news report.D.A practical guide.D Chinas Mars probe Tianwen-1 successfully landed on the surface of the red planet on May 15,2021,leaving a Chinese footprint on Mars for the first time and in its first attempt,becoming the only other nation besides theUSto get such an achievement.The Tianwen-1 probe touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia,a wide plain on Mars,at 7:18 a.m.(Beijing Time),after three months scanning the whole planet on Mars docking orbit,the China National Space Administration(CNSA)announced.Tianwen-1,including an orbiter,a lander and a rover,was launched from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on the coast of southernChinas islandprovinceofHainanon July 23,2020.It was the first step inChinas planetary exploration of the solar system,with the aim of completing orbiting,landing and roving on the red planet in one mission.According to the administration,the countrys first Martian probe will conduct scientific investigations about the Martian soil,environment,atmosphere as well as water.Chinas planetary exploration program has been named“Tianwen”,which was named after a long poem by the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan.The name represents the Chinese nations willpower in pursuing truth,the countrys cultural inheritance of its understanding of nature and universe,as well as the unending exploration in science and technology.Chinas first Mars rover has been named“Zhurong”,which means the god of fire in an ancient Chinese story.The name indicates Chinese peoples blessing for the rover to light the flame ofChinas planetary exploration.The rover has six wheels and four solar panels,and carries 13 scientific instruments.According to the CNSA,Zhurong has started its scientific exploration after moving from the landing platform onto the Red Planets surface on May 22.More than 40 Mars missions have been launched since the 1960s,but only about half have succeeded.It is the first time in the world that orbiting,landing and roving on Mars has been completed in one launch mission,andChinahas come to the forefront of Mars exploration in the world.12.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A.China is the only nation to launch a probe to Mars.B.Tianwen-1 landed in the northern part of the planet.C.Tianwen-1 scanned the southern part of the planet.D.The Mars probe will carry out scientific investigations.13.How did the planetary exploration program get its name?A.From a long poem by Qu Yuan.B.From an ancient Chinese story.C.From Chinese nations willpower.D.From theChinaNational Space Administration.14.Why does the author sayChinahas come to the leading position of Mars exploration?A.The rover carried many scientific instruments.B.China completed three tasks in one attempt.C.The rover successfully moved from the landing platform onto Mars.D.The CNSA is continuously exploring science and technology.15.What is the text mainly about?A.Tianwen-1 completed its mission.B.Tianwen-1 represented the god of fire.C.Tianwen-1 successfully landed on Mars.D.Tianwen-1 was launched from Wenchang.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Boxing is a popular sport that many people seemto be crazy about.Newspapers,magazines and sports programs on TV frequently cover boxing matches._16_ It seems to me that some people,especially men find it attractive because it is an aggressive(攻击性的)sport.When they watch a boxing match,theycan identify with the winning boxer,and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves.It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time,but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives._17_ However,there is a negative side to boxing._18_Although boxers wear gloves during the fights,and amateur(业余的)boxers even have to wear helmets,there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing,sometimes with terrible results.Boxers have suffered from head injuries,and occasionally,fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring(拳击台)._19_Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out,he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it._20_I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV,andwe welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society.I believe that the world is aggressive enough already!Of course,people like competitive sports,and so do I,but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.A.It can be a very dangerous sport.B.Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.C.In my personal opinion,boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not have a try.D.I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like boxing.E.Furthermore,studies have shown that here are often long-term effects of boxing.F.Professional boxers earn a lot of money,and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.G.It is likely to threaten personal safety of people.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Last winter,we were on a vacationin Dubai.One day,we were _21_Abu-Dhabi,traveling with a few passengers in a bus.At our first stop,we got out to_22_some pictures.At our second top,we_23_that wed forgotten our shoulder bag at the first stop.The_24_part was that our passports and many other valuables were inside it.We were in great_25_,as we had to return to India in 2 days.During the process of_26_our bag we met so many strangers who were quite concerned and helpful with our_27_.A tour guide helped us stop a taxi so that we could travel back to the first stop to_28_our bag.A taxi driver stayed with us for 3 hours.He took us to a mosque（清真寺）near the first stop,_29_that a cleaner might have found the bag and taken it to a_30_place.He took us to the nearest police station and helped us with our_31_with the policeman,who only spoke Arabic,He_32_comforted us by saying,“Nobody_33_their goods in our country.Theres no_34_for you to worry!”A tourist who was walking outside the masque hail to be somewhere._35_,he decided to lend us a helping hand.A local man,who_36_found our bag，cheeked the bag and found a(n)_37_of a travel guide.He called him,so we got our bag back at last.On that day t there was _38_worry inside me and I was thinking of what would happen next all the time.Ill never forget those strangers.Im grateful to them for their acts of_39_!The world needs more humane like them and I decide to try to_40_one of them.21.A.following B.visiting C.evaluating D.distributing 22.A.enjoy B.purchase C.deliver D.take 23.A.realized B.ignored C.decided D.admitted 24.A.most B.latest C.worst D.least 25.A.regret B.panic C.embarrassment D.disappointment 26.A.searching for B.aiming at C.coming across D.looking through 27.A.ambition B.dilemma C.situation D.expectation 28.A.lake over B.send for C.greet D.find 29.A.hoping B.remembering C.promising D.doubting 30.A.private B.safe C.busy D.new 31.A.relation B.negotiation C.discussion D.communication 32.A.eventually B.personally C.constantly D.immediately 33.A.leaves B.hides C.misses D.loses 34.A.time B.need C.chance D.luck 35.A.Besides B.Otherwise C.However D.Therefore 36.A.actually B.merely C.specially D.deliberately 37.A.address B.number C.certificate D.photo 38.A.real B.slight C.temporary D.innocent 39.A.bravery B.patience C.kindness D.generosity 40.A.benefit B.promote C.influence D.become 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly,four things are necessary.Firstly,we must understand the language when we hear_41._spoken.Secondly,we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation._42._,we must be able to read the language,and fourthly,we must be able to write it.We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.There is no easy way to success_43._language learning._44._good memory is of great help,but it is not enough only_45._(memorize)rules from a grammar book.It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and_46._meanings,studying the dictionary