2021届北京市南苑中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案.pdf

2021 届北京市南苑中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Four Best Hikes in the World Theres nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike.No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth,weve got you covered.Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W Circuit Location(位置):Patagonia.Chile Distance:37+miles Time:56 days Best time to go:October to January The W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes youll find.Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars(花岗岩柱子),but youll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim-to-Rim Hike Location:Arizona,the United States Distance:48 miles Time:13 days Best time to go:May to June,September to October Theres no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world.Located in one of the USAs most beautiful parks,the views are ly appealing.Just make sure youre prepared for the challenge.Trek to Petra Location:Jordan Distance:47 miles Time:5 6 days Best time to go:October to April Take the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world.Hike through canyons,gorges and ridges,and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoiding crowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand Traverse Location:California,the United States Distance:60 miles Time:67 days Best time to go:July to September Known for some of the best hiking in the world,Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia(红杉)trees.Praised byNational Geographic,the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia,Chile?A.April B.May C.August D.December 2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.Jordan B.Patagonia,Chile C.Arizona,the United States D.California,the United States 3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia trees B.Appreciate waterfalls C.Visit local temples D.Climb granite pillars B Scientists have discovered a new behaviour among bumblebees that tricks plants into flowering early.When lack of pollen,bumblebees will bite little by little on the leaves of flower-less plants.The damage seems to fool the plant into flowering,sometimes up to 30 days earlier than normal.With their hairy appearance and special sounds,bumblebees are hard to miss in gardens all over the world.Their hairy bodies make them excellent pollinators for crops like tomatoes and blueberries.They are among the first bees to appear each year and work a long season.But despite their key role,bumblebees,like many other pollinators have seen their numbers decline suddenly in recent decades.One recent study pointed to climate change,reporting that an increasing number of hot days in Europe andNorth Americawas raising local bumblebees extinction rates.But researchers have now made a discovery about bumblebees that could have something to do with their long term survival.Scientists inSwitzerlandfound that when the bumblebees were out of pollen,they started to bite on the leaves of plants that hadnt yet flowered.They used their mouths to cut clearly-shaped holes in the leaves.But the creatures didnt eat the material or use it in their nests.The damaged plants responded by flowering earlier than normal-in some cases up to 30 days ahead of schedule.Researchers also found that the bee damaged plants flowered 30 days earlier than undamaged plants and 25 days earlier than ones damaged by the scientists.“I think everything that weve found is consistent with the idea that the bumblebees are damaging the plants and that thats an adaptation that brings flowers earlier and that benefits the bees,”said Dr Mark Mescher,one of the authors from ETHZurich.4.How do bumblebees fool plants into flowering earlier?A.By making use of the hot weather.B.By putting the false flowers on the leaves.C.By attacking the leaves of flowerless plants.D.By taking away the pollen from the other flowers.5.Whats bumblebees key role?A.Making plants flower early.B.Spreading pollen to flowers and plants.C.Sending information about weather change.D.Finding out whether the plant has flowers.6.What has happened to bumblebees in the past the years?A.They are becoming homesick.B.They are not as friendly as before.C.There is a sharp decrease in number.D.They have been busy year by year.7.Whats Dr Mark Meschers attitude towards the behaviour of bumblebees?A.Uncaring.B.Skeptical.C.Tolerant.D.Objective.C As every mobile-phone owner knows,after a year or so the battery starts to fade and the beast needs recharging more frequently.That is troublesome,but a phones batteries can be replaced fairly cheaply or the whole device traded in for the latest model.An electric car,though,is a much bigger investment.And batteries are its priciest component,representing around 30%of an average mid-size vehicle.To provide buyers with some peace of mind,carmakers guarantee their batteries,typically for eight years or around 200,000km.Producers,planning to go much further than that,though,are racing to launch“million mile”(1.6m kilometers)batteries.Contemporary Amperex Technology,a giant Chinese firm which produces batteries for a number of carmakers,was said to be ready to start producing batteries which would last for 16 years or 2m kilometres.Elon Musk has suggested that Tesla,a Californian maker of electric vehicles,has a million-mile battery in the works.And over in Detroit,General Motors is in the final stages of developing an advanced battery which it says has similar longevity(寿命)。Regular fast-charging reduces battery life,as do overcharging and deep discharging.Driving in extremely hot or cold weather does not help either.And battery life will diminish even if you just leave the car in the garage.The real point of a million-mile battery is that the technological advances required to make it possible will deal with these things as well.Battery technology is improving all the time,and by no means are million-mile batteries the limit of engineers ambition.The next objective is to replace Li-ions liquid electrolytes(电解质)with solid ones.That would allow even longer driving ranges,which could make a two-million-mile battery an achievable objective.If that day comes,the tables would have been turned.From being the first part of a car to fail,its battery will have become the last.8.The battery problem of mobile phones is mentioned to_.A.show electrical devices may have drawbacks B.stress the disturbing battery problem of cars C.call for investment in battery development D.compare the function of battery in devices 9.What do we know about the million-mile battery plan?A.It is eagerly anticipated by car consumers.B.It is aimed to save repair cost for customers.C.It targets the longevity of 8 years and above.D.It has drawn the interest of many enterprises.10.What does the author think is the focus of developing the million-mile battery?A.Exploring new materials to construct batteries.B.Guiding users on how to maintain the battery.C.Addressing factors that decrease battery life.D.Researching the principle of battering aging.11.What does the author think of the future of car batteries?A.Promising.B.Unpredictable.C.Concerning.D.Unlimited.D People saved a 20-foot orca(虎鲸)that was stuck between rocks on an Alaskan shore by continuously pouring water over it and protecting it from birds who circled above the defenseless whale.The whale was ultimately saved after a six-hour,labor-intensive life-saving operation.Someone spotted the large whale on the Prince of Wales Island near the coast of British Columbia on the morning of July 29th.The Coast Guard was called around 9 a.m.local time.Chance Strickland,the captain of a private yacht in Alaska,and his crew anchored and began life-saving action that were videoed by Aroon Melane and posted on the Internet.Strickland could hear the orca calling out to killer whales swimming in the area.People on other boats stopped with water and buckets to pour water over the animal.“There were tears coming out of its eyes,”Mr.Strickland told the local newspaper.“It was pretty sad.”The group of people formed a chain that passed buckets of seawater back and forth and poured the water on the orca,which seemed to liven it up.It made a noise and raised its tail when it got water.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)was called in,which can be seen on the video using a machine to spray amist of seawater on the orca,which doubled as a way to keep the whale cool and scare the large group of birds that were hoping to feast on the beast.Melane said in her video that the orca was stranded(搁浅)for about six hours until the tide came in andswept it back into the ocean.The group efforts of Stricklands crew and the NOAA saved the 13-year-old killer whale.12.Why did birds circle above the orca?A.They were eager to eat it.B.They wished to protect it.C.They were attracted by the people.D.They wanted to find a place to rest.13.What did Strickland do immediately after finding the whale?A.Posted pictures online.B.Called friends for help.C.Took action to save it.D.Videoed the trapped animal.14.Why did the whale make a noise and raise its tail?A.To express its eager for water.B.To extend its thanks to people.C.To call out to its fellow whales.D.To show its power and sadness.15.Which can be the best title for the text?A.Killer Whale Got Saved B.The Orca Inspired Kindness C.Combined Efforts Wanted D.Animals and Humans United 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 There are several factors that may determine why a country chooses a particular passport colour._16_Some countries attempt to fit in with nations or political groups theyd like to join.Governments can choose the overall design and colour for their passports from one of the four basic color1 s:red,blue,green,or black.Red Passports Red,the most common passport colour,not only has religious meanings,but also may point to a countrys history or politics._17_ Blue Passports _18_Traditionally,the colour blue is meant to represent the“New World”nations in North and South America,andOceania.TheU.S.passport has been blue since 1976.Green passports Green is the most common colour of choice for Arab countries._19_The citizens of several West African countries also have travel documents that are different shades of green,which means they belong to the Economic Community of West African States.Black Passports Black passports are not as common as brighter color1 s,though dark shades tend to make a document look more official._20_NewZealands passport is black since its the countrys national colour.In all,the reasons why passports are different color1 s often have important and deep meanings to each government.A.What do the different passport color1 s mean?B.The second most common passport colour is blue.C.People tend to dislike black because it is not beautiful.D.These factors include religious,geographical,historical or cultural concerns.E.Considered as a sign of nature and life,it is important for Arabian religions.F.Only 10 countries have black passports,all unconnected with geography or religion.G.Northern European countries generally hold red passports.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A mother battlingbreast cancer is feeling grateful for the kindness she received by a complete stranger.Amy Pettenato was_21_breakfast with her family at the Metropolis Diner when she noticed another family kept looking at her and smiling.Pettenato_22_they were looking at her because of her shaved head.“I got_23_,and teared up.I went into self-conscious mode about my_24_.It was the first time Id been out since Id shaved my head,”she said.“But then came the moment that changed the meaning of those glances_25_.The mom_26_and sits next to us and told me she was a 13 year breast cancer survivor.So we_27_for a bit and she wished me luck with everything Im going through and_28_me to stay positive.”Pettenato and her family finished_29_and asked for the check,but learned it had been paid by the kind_30_.They all looked at the waitress_31_and she said the woman next to them had paid their bill.The_32_woman who took five minutes out of her time to_33_Pettenato and share her experience.After the_34_had been shared in the Sachem moms Facebook group,a friend called and said he found her_35_.The woman wrote Pettenato and said_36_they might not know each other,they were“bonded as pink sisters”and shed paid it forward because she knew how_37_the struggle is for Pettenato right now.Pettenato says she_38_her story so others would know they are not facing the_39_alone.“My journey,”she said,“is going to be somebody elses support system.And positivity is_40_.”21.A.cooking B.ordering C.preparing D.enjoying 22.A.suggested B.assumed C.announced D.confirmed 23.A.sad B.disappointed C.angry D.exhausted 24.A.beauty B.hair C.clothes D.body 25.A.fortunately B.similarly C.completely D.generally 26.A.puts up B.makes up C.takes up D.gets up 27.A.argued B.discussed C.explained D.talked 28.A.reminded B.scolded C.warned D.persuaded 29.A.visiting B.talking C.eating D.imagining 30.A.manager B.stranger C.director D.host 31.A.puzzled B.embarrassed C.frightened D.shocked 32.A.usual B.extra C.ordinary D.same 33.A.admire B.comfort C.comment D.ignore 34.A.example B.message C.story D.adventure 35.A.angel B.companion C.partner D.assistant 36.A.while B.when C.if D.as 37.A.impossible B.necessary C.hard D.dangerous 38.A.published B.explained C.shared D.created 39.A.race B.campaign C.competition D.battle 40.A.wealth B.key C.title D.benefit 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Out of the 20 little things youve always wondered about,one_41._(probable)has to do with the small_42._(five)pocket on your jeans.By now,you might have given up on trying to use it since its too small to fit anything you actually need.But why is it there in the first place?Well,today,it doesnt really serve_43._purpose,but it used to in the late 1800s.In reality,the small pocket is called a watch pocket because it was in origin intended_44._a safe place for men to store their pocket_45._(watch).It dates back toLevisfirst ever pair of jeans,_46._(hit)the market in 1879.The Levi Strauss blog also pointed out that originally,there were only four pockets on a pair of blue jeans,the watch pocket_47._(include).“The first blue jeans had four pocketsonly one in back and,in the front,two plus the small,watch pocket,”the blog stated.So next time you find_48._(you)standing casually with your thumb hooked in that small pocket,know that it originally_49._(use)to store a pocket watch.And now that weve got to know the tiny jean pocket,find out_50._blue is the most common color1.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及-个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在