2021届江西金溪一中高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 届江西金溪一中高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Best language learning apps Duolingo The app doesnt restrict how many languages you can try to learn at the same time.I use Duolingo to practice Spanish and German.In the app,you can access resources such as Duolingo Stories,which can allow you to check your comprehension skills as you go.I also subscribe to Premium for$10 per month which includes an ad-free experience and downloadable lessons.Memrise One of my favorite parts of Memrise is its short videos about how real locals express different phrases in conversation.A few lessons are available for free daily,but the full program is accessible if you subscribe to Memrise Pro.There are three plansone month for$9,a year for$30 or three months for$19.Busuu When you sign up for Busuu,you select the language you want to learn,and the app helps you determine how advanced you are with it and why you want to learn it,and to what level.From there,you set a daily study goal.Premium costs about$6 per month for a year.Lirica If you listen to any song enough,youll learn all the words through repetition,even if theyre in a different language.But how do you figure out what they mean?This is where Lirica comes in.This app is unique in how it approaches teaching Spanish.Instead of traditional teaching methods for learning a language,Lirica uses popular music by Latin artists to help you learn the Spanish language and grammar.Lirica has a one-week free trial and then its about$4 per month.1.Which app is best for learning multiple languages at a time?A.Lirica.B.Busuu.C.Memrise.D.Duolingo.2.How much should you pay for a quarterly subscription to Memrise Pro?A.$9.B.$19.C.$28.D.$30.3.What is special about Lirica?A.It offers a one-month free trial.B.It helps users set a daily study goal.C.It hires Latin artists to teach Spanish.D.It enables users to learn Spanish through music.B Think ofJapanin the spring and the image that comes to mind is likely the countrys famous cherry blossoms,also known as“Sakura”white and pink flowers,blooming across cities and mountains.The flowers,which experience a“peak bloom”that only lasts a few days,have been loved inJapanfor more than a thousand years.Crowds celebrate with viewing parties,flockingto the most popular locations to take photos and have picnics underneath the branches.But this year,cherry blossom season has come and gone in the blink of an eye,in one of the earliest blooms on record.Scientists warn its a symptom of the larger climate crisis threatening ecosystems everywhere.Yasuyuki Aono,a researcher atOsakaPrefectureUniversity,has gathered records fromKyotoback to 812 AD from historical documents and diaries.In the central city ofKyoto,cherry blossoms peaked on March 26,the earliest in more than 1,200 years,Aono said.And in the capitalTokyo,cherry blossoms reached full bloom on March 22,the second-earliest date on record.The peak bloom dates shift every year,depending on numerous factors including weather and rainfall,but have shown a general trend of moving earlier and earlier.InKyoto,the peak date stayed around mid-April for centuries,but began moving into early April during the 1800s.The date has only dipped into late March a handful of times in recorded history.“Sakura blooms are very temperature sensitive,”said Aono.“Flowering and full bloom could be earlier or later depending on the temperature alone,”he said.“The temperature was low in the 1820s,but it has risen by about 3.5 degrees Celsius to this day.”This years seasons in particular influenced the blossom dates,he added.The winter was very cold,but the spring came fast and unusually warm.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.Cherry blossom celebrations.B.Warning of a climate crisis.C.A strong love for cherry blossom.D.Cherry blossom season coming earlier.5.What does the underlined word“flocking”mean?A.Blocking.B.Flooding.C.Running.D.Following.6.What can we infer from paragraph 5?A.The peak blossom dates fall on a fixed date.B.The cherry blossom rarely peaks in March.C.The peak bloom dates mainly depend on weather and rainfall.D.Cherry blossom peaks around mid-April inTokyo.7.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To inform people the date of cherry blossom.B.To show a study on cherry blossom dates.C.To present a Japanese tradition of cherry blossom celebration.D.To make people aware of the influence of climate change on cherry blossom.C Hundreds of millions of people watched on television on July 20,1969,when American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to land on the moon.Back then,businesses sold many products connected to the event and many such products are now on sales again in celebration of the moon landings 50th anniversary.A limited number of Omegas gold Speedmaster watches the same kind that Buzz Aldrin wore on the moon will be sold at$34,600.Omega Speedmaster watches have been an important part of space travel since NASA chose them for its moon landing in 1965.Other watches had failed required tests.Omega gave its gold Speedmasters to the astronauts at a dinner in 1969 before the landing.Another less costly type of silver Speedmasters will be sold at$9,650.It carries a picture of Aldrin stepping down from the moon lander.Something for children-as well as adults is the NASA Apollo 11 moon lander set.Made by Lego,it is a group of small pieces to put together to make a model of the moon lander.Other things for sale include the anti-gravity Fisher Space Pens,developed just for the Apollo 11 mission.They work even when writing upside down.Now Fisher Space Pen Company has a limited-edition pen for sale at anout-of this-worldprice:$700,with real material from the Apollo 11 spacecraft.Back in 1969,companies were quick to show their Apollo 11 connections with media and advertisements.The food company Stouffers made sure consumers knew it provided food for Apollo 11 astronauts once they returned to Earth.It started the ad campaign“Everybody whos been to the moon is eating Stouffers”.Fifty years later,the company is celebrating with a media campaign to share some recipes from 1969.Marketing experts David Meerman Scott says,“Since 1972,weve gone around and around the earth many times,and it is not interesting to people any more.Im not sure whether they can accept such crazy prices.Now NASA has had plans to go to Mars in the 2030s and marketing efforts for a NASA Mars mission should be in development.”8.What can we learn about the gold Speedmaster watch?A.It will be sold at$34,600.B.NASA bought itats9,650.C.It has Aldrins picture inside.D.It was chosen by NASA in 1969.9.What does the underlined word“out-of-this-world”in paragraph 4 mean?A.Extremely fair.B.Surprisingly high.C.Really low.D.Truly worthwhile.10.What does David Meerman Scott mean?A.It is a waste of money to go around and around the moon.B.People will be interested in the products connected to Apollo.C.Since 1972,governments have lost interest in moon explorations.D.The event of going to Mars will be another good chance to advertise.11.What is the authors main purpose in writing the text?A.To show how to design the best advertisement.B.To forecast the sales of the products in the text.C.To introduce some of the products connected to Apollo 11.D.To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first moon landing.D Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院)have turned spider webs into musiccreating an strange soundtrack that could help them better understand how the spiders output their complex creations and even how they communicate.The MIT team worked with Berlin-based artist Tomas Saraceno to take 2D(two-dimensional)laser(激光)scans of a spider web,which were linked together and made into a mathematical model that could recreate the web in 3Din VR(virtual reality).They also worked with MITs music department to create the virtual instrument.“Even though the web looks really random(随机)，there actually are a lot of inside structures and you can visualize(可视化)them and you can look at them,but its really hard to grasp for the human imagination or human brain to understand all these structural details,”said MIT engineering professor Markus Buehler,who presented the work on Monday at a virtual meeting of the American Chemical Society.Listening to the music while moving through the VR spider web lets you see and hear these structural changes and gives a better idea of how spiders see the world,he told CNN.“Spiders use vibrations(振动)as a way to locate themselves,to communicate with other spiders and so the idea of thinking really like a spider would experience the world was something that was very important to us as spider material scientists,”Buehler said.Spiders are able to build their webs without shelves or supports,so having a better idea of how they work could lead to the development of advanced new 3D printing techniques.“The reason why I did that is I wanted to be able to get information really from the spider world,which is very weird and mysterious,”Buehler explained.In addition to the scientific value,Buehler said the webs are musically interesting and that you can hear the sounds the spider creates during construction.“Its unusual and eerie and scary,but finally beautiful.”he described.12.What have MIT scientists done according to the passage?A.They have translated spider webs into sounds.B.They have made a mathematical model to produce webs.C.They have created a soundtrack to catch spiders.D.They have known how spiders communicate.13.What can we know about spider webs from paragraph 3?A.Their structures are beautiful and clear.B.Professor Markus Buehler knows them well.C.The American Chemical Society presents the result.D.They are complex for people to figure it out.14.In which field will the study be helpful?A.virtual reality B.printing C.painting D.film-making 15.What is the main idea of the passage?A.It tells us that the music created by spiders is scary.B.It shows how the researchers carry out the experiment.C.It presents a new and creative way to study spiders.D.It explains why scientists did the experiment.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Amsterdams Blossoming Bikes Pop Up Brightly coloured bikes decorated in flowers,butterflies and clocks have been popping up all over Amsterdam for years._16_.They are from an American man named Warren Gregory.Known fondly as the Flower Bike Man,Warrens bike-decorating campaign began when his wife couldnt find her bike at Amsterdam Central.Warrens wife,Michelle,often struggled to remember details like where she parked her bike.To help her out,Warren decorated her bike in bright flowers._17_.He then decorated a bunch of abandoned bikes,which he left along the route home so that she would never get lost again._18_.Warren started decorating more bikes,and then ventured out into the streets early in the morning to leave his gifts to the world before the city woke up.Each bike was carefully named and had its own personality,all representing love and happiness.Warren creates the bikes using money out of his own pocket,and uses old,abandoned bikes that he collects.Bringing these forgotten wrecks back to life is beautiful in so many ways.In a country where people love bikes so much,its no wonder that Warren has become a treasure in Amsterdam.People love Warrens bicycles so much that they insist on paying for his creations._19_.“For me,seeing the bikes I created is enough,”he said.Other than being a creative artist,Warren is also a really nice guy.His Instagram posts are flooded with encouragements and words of love,and you can feel the time and love that he pours into every bike that he creates._20_.A.But they are unacceptable B.In that case,it would be easier to find C.But money is never his main motivation D.You may wonder why they are so popular E.Joy of passers-by generated his further enthusiasm F.We truly need more people like the Flower Bike Man G.They are not the works from a mysterious Dutch bike fairy 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 In the 1960s,Douglas McGregor,one of the key thinkers in the art of management,developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y.Theory X is the idea that people instinctively dislike work and will do anythingto_21_it.Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives.Theory Y is the view that everyone has the_22_to find satisfaction in work.Both of them are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation,and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity(僵化）of the model.In any case,despite so much evidence to the_23_,many managers still agree to Theory X.They believe,_24_,that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively,or that decisions must be imposed fromabove without_25_.This,of course,makes for autocratic(专制的)managers.Different cultures have different ways of managing people.Unlike_26_management,some cultures,particularly in Asia,are well known for the consultative_27_of decision-makingall members of the department or work group are asked to_28_to this process.This is management by the collective opinion.Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things,which are based on general_29_.Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional_30_managers cannot.A recent trend has been to_31_employees to use their own initiative,to makedecisions on their own without asking managers first.This empowerment(授权)has been part of the trend towards downsizing:_32_the number of management layers in companies.After de-layering in this way,a company may be_33_with just a top levelof senior managers,front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation(委托)much further than has_34_been the case.Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to_35_that the overall business plan is being followed,and that operations become more profitable under the new organization,_36_less.Another trend is off-site or_37_management,where teams of people_38_by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managers_39_the performance of the team members_40_what they produce for projects,rather than the amount of time they spend on them.21.A.neglect B.avoid C.overwhelm D.emphasize 22.A.potential B.privilege C.principle D.perseverance 23.A.contrary B.measure C.extent D.extreme 24.A.vice versa B.by coincidence C.for instance D.or else 25.A.procedure B.consultation C.submission D.regulation 26.A.irreplaceable B.ridiculous C.democratic D.authoritarian 27.A.domain B.nature C.quantity D.alternative 28.A.sacrifice B.subscribe C.contribute D.cater 29.A.approval B.objection C.election D.pract