2021届北京师范大学昆明附属中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案.pdf

2021 届北京师范大学昆明附属中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Covid-19 has brought a great deal of trouble for all of us since March 2020.During this time,mobile phones have been the solution for the boredom and restlessness caused from staying indoors.The most downloaded apps on play store 2020 are;TikTok TikTok was the most downloaded app.With over 111.9 million downloads,TikTok has seen a huge growth in 2020,twice more than what it got in 2019.20%of its total downloads were fromIndiaand around 9.3%of the total downloads were in theUS.Zoom Zoom was the second most installed app in the overall downloads category.With nearly 94.6 million installs,Zoom is the most used app for online meetings and virtual classrooms.17%of its downloads were in theUSandIndia.Offices and educational institutes were shut down and to continue working and studying from home,people relied heavily on Zoom for video conferencing and calling.WhatsApp WhatsApp ranked third in overall downloads with more than 100 million downloads.It is one of the most popular and widely used chat applications;WhatsApp also supports communication between international phone networks.Facebook It ranked fourth in the overall downloaded list.Facebook is the worlds most popular social networking application.Facebook builds technologies that give people the power to connect with friends and family,find communities and grow businesses.1.What do we know about TikTok?A.It is an India-based app.B.It has most users inAmerica.C.It is used for growing business.D.It has doubled its download than in 2019.2.Which app is the best to turn to for online education?A.TikTok.B.Zoom.C.WhatsApp.D.Facebook.3.What function does Facebook probably serve?A.Communication.B.Training.C.Teaching.D.Payment B Have you ever done something for someone elseknowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU?Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospitals ER during the pandemic.This is called a prosocial behavior.Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in science:Are we the only species who do this?As one of out closest s,chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this.So far,research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt,share food and comfort each other.But one study came to a very different conclusion.The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options:push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp.If they chose the latter,it was seen as a prosocial behavior.But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves.Another study conducted by DeTroy,however,discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments,the setup for DeTroys research was very naturalistic.“We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees outer enclosures.When an individual pushes the button,it releases juice from the fountain.However,since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart,the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain.And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed,they,and not the pusher,will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment,chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others,with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldnt benefit themselves from their behavior.”said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation.But for now,its safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.4.Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A.Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B.Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C.Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D.Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the maths class.5.What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A.Sharing food.B.Making a choice.C.Comforting others.D.Showing sympathy.6.How is DeTroys study different from the previous ones?A.It was based on controlled lab experiment.B.It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C.It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D.It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.7.What can we learn from DeTroys quotes?A.Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B.Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C.Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D.Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.C When a United Kingdomsupermarket chain promised to move its farms to Net Zero by 2030,it made it clear that the effort would require working on many different fronts.From energy consumption and land-use change to methane emissions(甲烷排放),cattle farming comes with environmental challenges.So even if recent studies suggesting its possible to cut methane emissions 80%do turn out to be accurate,theres still a very long way to go for most cattle farming to get anywhere close to truly net zero.Organic Valley,when producing milk,might be closer to that goal.It made headlines in 2019 by going 100%renewable(可再生的).Now the company is expanding on that tradition by starting a major loan initiative(贷款计划)to help its farm suppliers adopt renewable energy too.Created with Clean Energy Credit Union,the$1 million loan fund will deliver loans at below-marketrates.Specifically,the money will be made available to Organic Valleys 1,700 farmer members,and can be used for a variety of projects.“We are focused on a whole systems approach to renewable energy,and Im excited to launch this energy loan fund.From the farm to the shelf,I see renewable energy playing a bigger role in organic food,”said Bob Kirchoff,Organic Valley CEO.“Organic Valley is already helping to protect the environment through organic farming practices,and now they re going one step further by supporting the introduction of renewable energy projects for their farmer members,”said Blake Jones,volunteer board chair of Clean Energy Credit Union.“In addition to the environmental benefits,we re eager to help family farmers throughout the world to lower their energy costs.”The world is not short of examples of farmers innovating in the field of renewable energy.Whats encouraging about Organic Valleys announcement is the idea of a national brand putting its marketing and financing weight behind such efforts and,hopefully,creating consumer demand that pushes the rest of the industry in this direction too.8.What does paragraph 1 indicate about going net zero for cattle farming?A It is not easy to achieve B.It is common in the UK C.It is an impractical goal D.It meets no challenges 9.What is Organic Valleys tradition according to the text?A.Helping farm suppliers B.Using renewable energy C.Having a loan initiative D.Making headlines annually 10.What is Organic Valleys initiative mainly intended to do?A.Reform organic farming practices B.Make use of environmental benefits C.Help farmers decrease energy costs D.Shrink the group of farmer members 11.What is the authors attitude towards Organic Valleys initiative?A.Worried B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous D.Positive D Its easy to do easy things,but they dont carry the challenges and rewards of doing something difficult.Scott Kelly said he tried to express that view everywhere he went.And he spoke from experience,having spent a career that included the time as a NASA astronaut,US Navy captain,fighter pilot,and engineer.Scott spoke at the University of North Alabama,sharing stories about his experience of spending a year on the International Space Station(ISS).He said the physical pressure of living in weightlessness for a year was hard to describe and that the fluids(积水)in his head sometimes made him feel like he was standing on his head.It also needed some time to recover when he returned home.“My legs were weak and it would be uncomfortable to sit for a while because my body hadnt had that pressure so long,”Scott said.He discussed life aboard including spending time with Russian astronauts.They came from different cultures.He had managed to get along well with everyone aboard as they lived together,worked together,and had to rely on each other.He thought it was one of the most rewarding things in his life.Though life there was not easy,Scott never regretted being an astronaut and going to space.He also discussed experiences growing up,admitting that he wasnt always the greatest student but was able to overcome that through hard work and determination.“Never give up or lower your dreams.If you work for it,all things are possible.There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you dont even try.And when you succeed after trying hard,youll find it really rewarding,”Scott said in the end.12.Scott mentioned his experience in the ISS mainly to show _.A.he enjoyed making speeches B.he was a responsible astronaut C.his life in space was challenging D.the daily life of an astronaut can be boring 13.What may benefit Scott most when he lived with Russian astronauts?A.He won some awards through teamwork.B.He found the fun of living in the Space Station.C.He learned to develop close relationships with others.D.He picked up some knowledge of Russian culture.14.Which of the following can best describe Scott?A.Kind and thoughtful.B.Curious and humorous.C.Easygoing and sociable.D.Hardworking and determined.15.What does the author intend to tell us from Scotts story?A.Its importantto have a dream B.Easy things are also worth doing C.A suitable career leads one to success.D.Difficult things are demanding but rewarding 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Dealing With Strict Parents Sometimes parents set rules because they fear for their childrens safety,because they dont think that their children can make it for themselves or even to stay in control or to bring about a desired outcome or simply because they can.Regardless of why parents set rules,teens must learn to live within these guidelines,_16_?Meet in the middle Often teenagers dont recognize that they have strict parents until they brush up against a rule that they dont like._17_,dont bother yelling and screaming about the unfairness of it all because chances are your parents will ignore you until you yell yourself hoarse（嘶哑的）.Instead,meet your parents in the middle.Ask them to sit down with you to discuss._18_ If your past behaviour leaves your parents rolling their eyes at your level of responsibility,offer to show that you are serious about the compromises that you have suggested._19_,but rather let your parents see your intentions in your actions.Stay calm and focused In order to succeed in dealing with strict parents,youll need to show not only that you are serious about changes in their rules,_20_.Stay calm and focused at all times when discussing your parents rules.A.If this is the case for you B.Show that you are serious C.if you are dealing with strict parents D.Dont just give them empty promises E.but that you can be a seriousteen as well F.But what happens if parents are overly strict G.Are there any mistakes that you should avoid 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 People have been saying great things about my dad_21_.They keep telling me that my dad is a_22_because of his job.My dad is a surgeon and like many other doctors inChina,he_23_to go toWuhanto care for patients there.But the hospital_24_he works only kept him staying to make sure that local patients are still able to receive regular treatment.So my dad just follows his normal_25_,analyzing patients diseases and_26_chest operations.With all kinds of compliments toward my dad,I become_27_.My dad has been a doctor long before the_28_of COVID-19,why has no one else praised him as a hero before?Didnt he_29_such compliments when this disease wasnt around?When we talk about heroes,what kind of_30_often jumps into our minds?War leaders who conquered everything that stood_31_?Historic characters who ruled a strong kingdom?Or our dear movie stars:the Avengers?Well,they are indeed heroes,and they made marvelous achievements.However,are the_32_of heroes just prepared for these so-called“supermen”and“superwomen”?I dont think so.Heroes_33_our real lives.They can be seen and they are mortal,just like you and me.Now many streets of Chinese cities are almost_34_;the schools are closed and the shops are shut.But in this world,some things remain_35_.If theres a fire,just call 119,and you know that the firefighters will be there_36_minutes.If you happen to go out on the road,youll come across police officers waving their flags to direct the traffic._37_,in hospitals,from doctors to nurses,cleaners to security guards,these people still_38_their jobs,doing the same services as they ever did.The reason why they are still dedicated is not a_39_for compliments,but out of a willingness for their duty.These people,who are or were dedicating themselves to the job,do not need to be_40_as heroes just for now because they are heroes all the time.21.A.latter B.lately C.late D.last 22.A.soldier B.nurse C.guard D.hero 23.A.opposed B.afforded C.considered D.offered 24.A.when B.which C.where D.what 25.A.section B.routine C.trend D.criterion 26.A.performing B.inspecting C.receiving D.allocating 27.A.inspired B.confused C.involved D.moved 28.A.outbreak B.output C.outcome D.breakthrough 29.A.acquire B.deserve C.attain D.achieve 30.A.image B.memory C.imagination D.description 31.A.across the way B.on the way C.by the way D.in the way 32.A.pages B.genius C.pictures D.admirers 33.A.belong to B.work on C.exist in D.result in 34.A.clear B.crowded C.empty D.narrow 35.A.unexpected B.unchanged C.unbelievable D.uncontrollable 36.A.beyond B.for C.over D.within 37.A.Eventually B.Fortunately C.Similarly D.Apparently 38.A.stick to B.show off C.live up to D.count on 39.A.ambition B.capability C.responsibility D.desire 40.A.accepted B.adapted C.praised D.advocated 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 China was once the worlds biggest recipient of overseas trash.Because of a _41._(short)of enough rawmaterials,China began importing solid waste in 1980.The recycling of_42._(import)waste helped to fill that gap.Recycling foreign trash has support the development of Chinas manufacturing sector and further boosted its economy.After_43._(process),garbage can be turned into materials that can be used to make products,such as chairs and bags.However,importing this